early rearing
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

107
(FIVE YEARS 12)

H-INDEX

24
(FIVE YEARS 2)

Author(s):  
Stefan Reiser ◽  
Dominique Marie Pohlmann ◽  
Tina Blancke ◽  
Udo Koops ◽  
Jochen Trautner

Author(s):  
Lidia Bellés ◽  
Andrea Dimiziani ◽  
François R. Herrmann ◽  
Nathalie Ginovart

Abstract Rationale Risk factors for drug addiction include genetics, environment, and behavioral traits such as impulsivity and novelty preference (NP), which have been related to deficits in striatal dopamine (DA) D2/3-receptors (D2/3R) and heightened amphetamine (AMPH)-induced DA release. However, the influence of the early rearing environment on these behavioral and neurochemical variables is not clear. Objectives We investigated the influence of early rearing environment on striatal D2/3R availabilities and AMPH-induced DA release in relation to impulsivity, NP, and propensity to drug self-administration (SA) in “addiction-prone” Roman high- (RHA) and “addiction-resistant” Roman low-avoidance (RLA) rats. Methods Animals were reared post-weaning in either environmental enrichment (EE) or impoverishment (EI) and were assessed at adulthood for impulsivity, NP, and propensity to cocaine SA. EE and EI rats were also scanned using single-photon emission computed tomography to concurrently measure in vivo striatal D2/3R availability and AMPH-induced DA release. Results EE vs. EI was associated with heightened impulsivity and a lack of NP in both rat lines. Higher dorsal striatal D2/3R densities were found in RHA EE and higher AMPH-induced DA release in RLA EE. Both impulsivity and NP were negatively correlated to dorsal striatal D2/3R availabilities and positively correlated with AMPH-induced DA release in EI but not in EE. EE vs. EI was related to a faster rate of cocaine intake and elevated active timeout responses in RHAs. Conclusion Our results suggest non-monotonic, environment-dependent, relationships between impulsivity, NP, and D2/3R-mediated signaling, and suggest that EI vs. EE may decrease the reinforcing effects of psychostimulants in predisposed individuals.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn Ludmer

Background: This dissertation examines maternal genotypes and mother-infant attachment as moderators of the association between the early rearing environment and cortisol secretion. Study 1 examines whether DRD2, SLC6A3, and OXTR genes moderate the association between maternal history of care and maternal cortisol secretion. Study 2 examines mother-infant attachment as a moderator of the associations between maternal depressive symptoms and both infant and maternal cortisol secretion. Method: Mothers self-reported their history of care and depressive symptoms at infant age 16 months. At 17 months, mother-infant attachment was assessed in the Strange Situation Procedure (SSP). Salivary cortisol was assessed at baseline and at 20- and 40-minutes post-SSP. Buccal cells were collected for genotyping. Results: Study 1 revealed that maternal history of low care predicts elevated cortisol secretion, but only for mothers with 10-repeat alleles of SLC6A3 or G alleles of OXTR. Study 2 revealed that maternal depressive symptoms predict elevated cortisol secretion, but only for infants and mothers in non-secure attachment relationships. Conclusions: This dissertation enhances our understanding of the complex relations between the early rearing environment and maternal and infant cortisol secretion.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn Ludmer

Background: This dissertation examines maternal genotypes and mother-infant attachment as moderators of the association between the early rearing environment and cortisol secretion. Study 1 examines whether DRD2, SLC6A3, and OXTR genes moderate the association between maternal history of care and maternal cortisol secretion. Study 2 examines mother-infant attachment as a moderator of the associations between maternal depressive symptoms and both infant and maternal cortisol secretion. Method: Mothers self-reported their history of care and depressive symptoms at infant age 16 months. At 17 months, mother-infant attachment was assessed in the Strange Situation Procedure (SSP). Salivary cortisol was assessed at baseline and at 20- and 40-minutes post-SSP. Buccal cells were collected for genotyping. Results: Study 1 revealed that maternal history of low care predicts elevated cortisol secretion, but only for mothers with 10-repeat alleles of SLC6A3 or G alleles of OXTR. Study 2 revealed that maternal depressive symptoms predict elevated cortisol secretion, but only for infants and mothers in non-secure attachment relationships. Conclusions: This dissertation enhances our understanding of the complex relations between the early rearing environment and maternal and infant cortisol secretion.


2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 5051-5060
Author(s):  
Mahmood ul Hassan Murtaza ◽  
Amina Zuberi ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad ◽  
Imrana Amir ◽  
Muhammad Kamran ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 920-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley M. Sproul Bassett ◽  
Elizabeth K. Wood ◽  
Stephen G. Lindell ◽  
Melanie L. Schwandt ◽  
Christina S. Barr ◽  
...  

animal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Bari ◽  
A.M. Cohen-Barnhouse ◽  
D.L.M. Campbell

Author(s):  
Tomohito Iwasaki ◽  
Takafumi Watanabe ◽  
Yasuhiro Hasegawa ◽  
Marina Hosotani ◽  
Takeshi Kawasaki
Keyword(s):  

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukta Watve ◽  
Barbara Taborsky
Keyword(s):  

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 819-832
Author(s):  
Cindy Campoverde ◽  
Douglas J. Milne ◽  
Christopher J. Secombes ◽  
Alicia Estévez ◽  
Enric Gisbert ◽  
...  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document