Adoption Of The Use Of Refugia Plants As Integrated Pest Control For Chili Farmers In Cilawu District, Garut Regency

Serangan Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman (OPT) di Kecamatan Cilawu mengalami peningkatan, serangan OPT merupakan akibat dari terjadinya perubahan iklim. Adopsi teknologi pengendalian hama terpadu di Kecamatan Cilawu tergolong rendah sehingga perlu adanya strategi untuk meningkatkan tingkat penerapan teknologi komoditas tanaman hortikultura. Tujuan penelitian guna menganalisis tingkat adopsi pemanfaatan tanaman refugia sebagai Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT), mengidentifikasi faktor yang berpengaruh dan strateginya. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juni 2021 menggunakan instrumen kuisioner tertutup. Data penelitian terdiri dari data primer dengan pengumpulan data ditambah wawancara dengan petani cabai, dan data sekunder yang berasal dari lembaga setempat, metode menganalisis data primer menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan regresi. Penelitian melibatkan 61 orang sebagai reaponden penelitian yang merupakan anggota kelompok tani. Adopsi teknologi pengendalian hama terpadu di Kecamatan Cilawu rendah sehingga perlu adanya strategi untuk meningkatkan tingkat penerapan teknologi komoditas tanaman hortikultura. Pengendalian hama dengan bercocok tanam dengan memanfaatkan tanaman refugia atau tanaman pinggir dapat mendorong keseimbangan ekosistem dan menekan populasi hama. Simpulan yang diperoleh penelitian ini berupa adopsi pemanfaatan tanaman refugia pada petani cabai di kecamatan Cilawu termasuk dalam kategori tinggi dengan rata-rata tiap tahap nya senilai 72%. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi adopsi pemanfaatan yaitu jumlah tanggungan keluarga dan ketersediaan informasi penyuluhan berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi. Strategi yang disususun untuk peningkatan adopsi berupa penguatan informasi, diskusi dan petakan percontohan melalui penyuluhan dengan diskusi kelompok.

Efektifitas Tanaman Refugia Border Crop terhadap Serangan Hama Plutella xylostella dan Crocidolomia Binotalis pada Tanaman Kubis Bunga

<p>Pest attacks that become obstacles in cauliflower cultivation are <em>Plutella xylostella</em> and <em>Crocidolomia binotalis</em>, which can cause yield loss and crop failure. Efforts that can be used to reduce excessive use of pesticides are by controlling by the principles of integrated pest control by manipulating habitat using refugia plants grown as border crops. The plants used as refugia were <em>T. subulata</em> and <em>T. erecta</em>. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of refugia as a border crop against the intensity and attack of <em>P. xylostella</em> and<em> C. binotalis </em>pests. The design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four treatments and six replications. Observations were made eight times with an interval of one week. Parameters observed were pest population, attack intensity, and parasitization level. The population of <em>P. xylostella</em> and <em>C. binotalis</em> larvae was highest in the P0 (control) treatment. The lowest average <em>P. xylostella</em> and <em>C. binotalis</em> larvae population was in the P3 treatment (<em>T<span style="text-decoration: underline;">. subulata</span> + T. erecta</em>). The highest percentage of damage intensity every week in the control treatment (P0). Treatment P3 (T. <em>subulata + T. erecta</em>) gave a significantly different effect compared to treatment P1 (<em>T. subulata</em>) P2 (<em>T. erecta</em>) and P0 (control). No parasitoid was found that attacks <em>P. xylostella</em>, <em>Eriborusargenteopilosus</em> is a parasitoid of <em>C. binotalis</em> with a parasitation rate of 54%.</p>

UJI KETERKAITAN TINGKAT PENERAPAN PHT TANAMAN PADI (Oryza Sativa L) TERHADAP FAKTOR SOSIAL PETANI (STUDI KASUS DI DUSUN BANJARDOWO KECAMATAN JOMBANG)

There are age, education level, and duration of farmers in cultivating rice, are social factors that need to be studied to determine the extent to which these factors affect the implementation of IPM on farmers. This study aims to determine the relationship between social factors of farmers with the level of application of integrated pest control technology (IPM) in Dsn. Banjardowo district. Jombang. The research method used is descriptive analysis method, with a variable consisting of 2 variables, namely the X variable which consists of age, education and duration of farming, and 2 Y variables which consist of the application of IPM. The research population amounted to 112 respondents with a sample of 20 respondents. The questionnaire data collection technique (questionnaire) was used as a measurement with an ordinal scale or score. The factors of age, education level and duration of farming are significantly related to the level of implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Banjardowo Hamlet, Banjardowo Village, Jombang District.

Towards Integrated Pest and Pollinator Management in Intensive Pear Cultivation: A Case Study from Belgium

Recently, the concept of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) was further extended into Integrated Pest and Pollinator Management (IPPM). Implementation of IPPM strategies entails the combination of actions for pest and pollinator management providing complementary or synergistic benefits for yield and/or quality of the harvest. The aim of this study was to examine IPPM elements (i.e., mixed hedgerow, nesting boxes for mason bees, Osmia spp.) and demonstrate their impact in the practical context of modern commercial fruit cultivation in a 4-year case study in an intensive ‘Conference’ pear orchard. The outcomes of visual observations during transect walks and molecular analysis of pollen collected by mason bees, showed the importance of additional floral resources for the presence of mason bees and other pollinating insects in the orchard environment. Pear quality assessments indicated that insect-mediated pollination had a significant positive impact, with a tendency for higher quality pears in the close vicinity of Osmia nesting boxes. However, despite the fact that pear pollen was also detected in Osmia spp. nest cells, the amount and frequency of pear pollen collection for their nest built-up turned out to be rather low. In the same intensive pear orchard studied for pollination effects, we simultaneously demonstrate the impact of a mixed hedgerow to enhance integrated pest control.

Coronavirus disease 2019 and future pandemics: Impacts on livestock health and production and possible mitigation measures

The World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic on March 11, 2020. COVID-19, the current global health emergency, is wreaking havoc on human health systems and, to a lesser degree, on animals globally. The outbreak has continued since the first report of COVID-19 in China in December 2019, and the second and third waves of the outbreak have already begun in several countries. COVID-19 is expected to have adverse effects on crop production, food security, integrated pest control, tourism, the car industry, and other sectors of the global economy. COVID-19 induces a range of effects in livestock that is reflected economically since human health and livelihood are intertwined with animal health. We summarize the potentially harmful effects of COVID-19 on livestock and possible mitigation steps in response to this global outbreak. Mitigation of the negative effects of COVID-19 and future pandemics on livestock requires the implementation of current guidelines.

Biology, parasitoid complex and potential distribution of saxaul's dominant defoliators, Teia dubia (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

Natural enemies that impact pest populations must be understood in order to build integrated pest control strategies and to understand the most important aspects affecting pest dynamics. Haloxylon ammodendron (C. A. Mey.) Bunge is an important perennial plant species extensively used in sand stabilization and wind prevention in arid areas. This study aimed to determine the main defoliators that damage H. ammodendron and the parasitoid complex associated with them. Twelve species of defoliators were found in Northern Xinjiang, and Teia dubia (Tauscher) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), Scrobipalpa sp. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), and Eucharia festiva Hüfnagel (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) were the dominant pests. T. dubia is the predominant defoliator with three generations a year. Northwest China, Central Asia, and the Mediterranean region are potentially suitable habitats for T. dubia in the world, while Xinjiang is the primary distribution area in China. Parasitoids belonging to seven species and four families were reared from the larvae of T. dubia, they were all endoparasitoids and koinobiont. Cotesia sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is the dominant parasitoid and prefer to parasitic in the 3rd–5th instar larvae. The present study provides the basis for understanding the species composition and natural enemies of lepidopteran defoliators. It will be an effective tool for the integrated pest management programs of H. ammodendron forest.