job challenges
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2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Outi Vanharanta ◽  
Matti Vartiainen ◽  
Kirsi Polvinen

PurposeThe study aims to explore job demands experienced by employees and managers in micro-enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Drawing on the job demands framework, the study discusses the experienced demands from the perspective of challenges that create opportunities for learning and achievement and hindrances that create obstacles for work. The study builds on the idea that the same demand can be perceived both as a challenge and a hindrance. That approach opens a path to responding to challenges by reformulating working practices and removing hindrances by designing, developing and crafting jobs and tasks.Design/methodology/approachThe authors analyzed open-ended survey responses (N = 306) to study experienced job demands in 50 micro-enterprises and SMEs, how the perceived demands differ between employees and managers and whether they represent challenge or hindrance demands.FindingsThe authors identified 17 job demand categories most including both challenge and hindrance demands. Time management and prioritization was the most central challenge and hindrance category for both employees and managers. For employees, sales and stakeholder relationships represented the second largest challenge category and communication and information flow was the second largest hindrance category. For managers, the second largest challenge and hindrance categories were organization and management of activities and the fragmentation of work, respectively.Originality/valueBy focusing on employee experience, the achieve a more nuanced understanding of the SME context, which has been dominated by managerial evaluations. The study also advances the discussion on job demands by extending our knowledge of demands that may be experienced both as a challenge and a hindrance.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Eun-Young Park

Burnout, a reaction to chronic emotional stress, affects health and reduces the quality of service. Reportedly, healthcare professionals are especially vulnerable to burnout. This meta-analysis is aimed at examining the factors associated with occupational therapists’ burnout. The results of 2,430 occupational therapists, across 17 peer-reviewed English articles, the most recent published in 2020, were analysed. Results revealed significant associations between related variables and burnout. Marital status, work field, and work hours, job challenges, patient age, position, turnover intention, working type, and work addiction showed significant positive correlation effect sizes in relation to burnout, whereas age, education, engagement, job satisfaction, personal identity, professional identity, rewards, and feeling valued showed significant negative correlation effect sizes. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that strategies to reduce occupational therapists’ burnout need to consider organizational as well as psychological aspects.


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (111) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Wendy Sandy Gil Mejia ◽  
Paola Jessica Alarcon Saravia ◽  
Roberto Cervantes Rivera ◽  
Jose Manuel Calizaya Lopez

The present houses situations that promote the unavoidable change in education, the economy, and society in general. The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered emotional contrasts, including depression, but also hostility. In this work, various academic materials are analyzed, which show the emotional impacts of the pandemic on society, which impact education and require a transformation of methodologies and processes with an ideal vision for new professional challenges.Emotions play a critical role in future job challenges. The results of this work reveal that the pandemic has broadly affected society, affective bonds have become more complex and university activities are the consequence of a set of reasons that motivate it to change form and substance. Keywords: emotional states, educational transformation, university studies. References [1]F. Suárez and L. Rosales, La ingeniería de las emociones humanas, Quito: AutanaBooks, 2021. [2]M. Tamayo, Z. Miraval and P. Mansilla, «Trastornos de las emociones a consecuencia del covid-19 y el confinamiento en universitarios de las diferentes escuelas de la universidad nacional Hermilio Valdizán. perú,» Rev. Comun Salud., vol. 10, nº 2, p. 343–354., 2020. [3]A. Cervio, «EN cuarentena, en casa. Prácticas y emociones durante el aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio por COVID-19 en hogares urbanos de Argentina, » CONICET, Buenos Aires-Argentina, 2020. [4]J. Salvador-Moreno, M. Torrens-Pérez, V. Vega-Falcón and D. Noroña-Salcedo, «Diseño y validación de instrumento para la inserción del salario emocional ante la COVID-19,» Revista de Ciencias de la Administración y Economía, vol. 11, nº 21, pp. 1390-8618, 2021. [5]A. M. Fernández, «Antropología de las emociones y teoría de los sentimientos,» Versión, vol. 26, pp. 1-24, 2011. [6]A. Fernández, «2020: Estudiantes, emociones, salud mental y pandemia,» Revista Andina de Educación, vol. 4, nº 1, pp. 23-29, 2021. [7]UNICEF, «El impacto del COVID-19 en la salud mental de adolescentes y jóvenes,» Septiembre 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.unicef.org/lac/el-impacto-del-covid-19-en-la-salud-mental-de-adolescentes-y-j%C3%B3venes. [Last access: September 15, 2021]. [8]Statista, «Sentimientos de la población durante el aislamiento impuesto por la pandemia del coronavirus (COVID-19) en Perú en marzo de 2020,» 9 septiembre 2020. [Online]. Available: https://es.statista.com/estadisticas/1110475/peru-sentimientos-cuarentena-covid-19/. [Last access: September 15, 2021]. [9]B. Manrique-Losada, M. C. Gómez-Álvarez and L. González-Palacio, «Estrategia de transformación para la formación en informática: hacia el desarrollo de competencias en educación básica y media para la Industria 4.0 en Medellín – Colombia,» RISTI, vol. 39, nº 10, pp. 1-17, 2020. [10]GEINFOR, «¿Qué es la industria 4.0?,» [Online]. Available: https://geinfor.com/blog/industria-40/. [Last access: September 12, 2021] [11]J. Carvajal, «La Cuarta Revolución Industrial o Industria 4.0 y su Impacto en la Educación Superior en Ingeniería en Latinoamérica y el Caribe,» de 15thLACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education, and Technology: “Global Partnerships for Development and Engineering Education”,, Bocaratón, Estados Unidos, 2017. [12]C. Jose, B. Rildo, A. Vilca, M. Blanca, G. Monzón and F. Ceballos, «Capítulo 2: Enunciado del problema y marco teórico en la investigación cuantitativa,» de Lainvestigación cuantitativa y algunas aplicaciones, Quito, AutanaBooks, 2020, pp. 88-105. [13]F. Suárez, L. Rosales and Á. Lezama, Computación inteligente y estados emocionales, Quito: AutanaBooks, 2020.  


Author(s):  
Ngoc Duyen Tran

The transition from pre-service teachers into novice teachers is a challenging process that has certain effects on teachers' lifelong careers. This study was conducted with the aim of exploring the job challenges that novice EFL high school teachers in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam faced in their first five years of teaching practice. This descriptive study adopted two research tools, including questionnaire and semi-structured interview. Thirty novice EFL high school teachers responded to the questionnaire and four of them were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. The results showed that novice EFL high school teachers encountered job challenges at a medium frequency level. Specifically, based on the results of three One-Sample T Tests, it can be concluded that the novices were confronted with school context challenges at a high level, followed by the medium level of learners and classroom management challenges. Novices just dealt with lesson-related challenges at a low level. In addition, the findings from the semi-structured interviews presented several different job challenges including applying the teaching methods learned at university, lesson preparation, students’ negative attitudes towards learning English, students’ proficiency, workload, and pressure of achievement or credit-driven practice. Future studies on novice EFL teachers’ job challenges should be done on a larger scale and scope, and employ multiple research methods to collect the data.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Amani ◽  
Ebtihal Youssef ◽  
Rand Alagha ◽  
Sara Hillman ◽  
Annie Ruimi
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Emelander

Abstract In a Gulf of Mexico (GOM) ultradeepwater well, liner integrity issues forced an operator to consider milling a conventional casing exit to sidetrack as deep as possible to re-establish production. Milling a window in 12 -1/4-in. heavy wall casing above the liner hanger had never been achieved before because of the thickness and grade of casing. A successful installation would require significant preplanning and testing to prove capability before real-world application. The service provider recommended an off-the-shelf solution to accommodate a 12 -1/4-in. casing exit. It was determined that the best fit for the application would be the standard equipment used for exits out of 10 -3/4-in. casing, given the similar internal diameters (IDs). Despite never having performed an installation in this casing size, the provider had a successful run history for exits in heavy weight casing strings. Job challenges included avoiding cutting a casing connection, managing swarf, milling through a centralizer, and achieving a low dogleg for production packers. Additional challenges included torque limitations, mill gauge, and the limestone formation. An 8-in. outside diameter (OD) system with mechanical anchor and 9 -7/8-in. OD mills was sent to a test well designed to replicate the target section of the offshore well. Based on determinations made in the planning phase, milling of the window and rathole would be staged in two trips. Additionally, a replica drilling bottom hole assembly (BHA), 8 -5/8-in. casing, and a replica production packer would need to pass through the window to ensure both window quality and low enough dogleg. Dogleg data was acquired through multiple logging runs during the 10-day operation. The installation went as planned, along with an additional custom window elongation run to decrease the dogleg severity to approximately 4.5°/100 -ft (30m). Having successfully validated the equipment for the application, the operator and servicer prover were comfortable moving onto the GOM well. Considering the test results, the team planned to mill the window and rathole in one trip. They achieved the 22 -ft long window and 15 -ft rathole in one run that lasted 26 hours. This installation is the first sidetrack conducted with a whipstock in 12 -1/4-in. casing. This paper shows that a safe, reliable casing exit installation is possible in difficult applications, such as uniquely heavy wall casing, even though it may previously have been considered impossible. This successful application provides the industry with contingency options in similar scenarios.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Wasan Nagib ◽  
Robert Wilton

BACKGROUND: Despite the fact that poor employment outcomes of adults with autism was evident in literature, little attention was paid to the role of gender in shaping their labor market experiences. Recent research emphasizes the critical need for such an investigation to inform gender-specific vocational support and workplace accommodation. OBJECTIVE: This exploratory study investigated the gender-based differences among employed adults with autism about both types and severity of the challenges they face in the workplace. METHODS: The study drew on qualitative content analysis of 714 randomly sampled posts (357 by women and 357 by men) from an online autism forum to explore on-the-job challenges as voiced by individuals with autism. RESULTS: The overarching observation was that women were more likely to experience greater workplace challenges. Women expressed higher concerns related to workplace stress, social interaction, and interpersonal communication. Additionally, women were disadvantaged by gender-related office expectations, especially about appearance. Men revealed a higher struggle with deficiencies in executive functions and disclosing their disability. Over-stimulating the physical environment influenced the workplace wellbeing of both women and men. CONCLUSION: Gender-sensitive vocational approaches in addition to flexible, communicative, structured, and supportive management behavior are needed to improve the workplace experiences of adults with autism.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Emelander ◽  
Justin Muesel ◽  
Casey Carrington

Abstract After a 13 3/8-in. expandable liner collapsed in a Gulf of Mexico ultradeepwater well, an operator considered a whipstock sidetrack, exiting as deep as possible to finish drilling and completion operations. Exiting the 16-in. casing, industry standards would have called for redrilling and casing an entire hole section. Exiting the expandable liner was an alternative option, but would require a unique solution to operate in the larger internal diameter (ID) and maintain the existing hole size. The service provider created a fit-for-purpose solution to install a casing window in the 13.77-in. ID expandable liner. The standard casing exit system accommodates 13 3/8-in. casing through 14-in. casing and requires minimal modifications to anchor the actual concave assembly to support a 12.25-in. pilot window. Additional mill runs would then open the 12.25-in. pilot window to a full bore 13 1/2-in. outside diameter (OD) window. Despite never having performed an installation in this size of expandable liner, the provider had a run history for exits with similar modifications and extra trips to enlarge and elongate windows. Job challenges included thin-wall, channeled cement; limited flow rates because of liner pressure limits; equipment availability; and a short lead time. The 11 1/2-in. OD assembly was quickly modified to enable the anchor engagement in the 13.77-in. ID liner. Within days the mills were dressed to the custom ODs required to enlarge the 12.25-in. pilot window to 13.50-in. On the first run, the whipstock was hydraulically set in the liner. Kickoff was achieved at 19,609-ft to cut a 27.5-ft window and ream a 45-ft rathole in 22 hours. The second bottom hole assembly (BHA) consisted of three mills with 12 1/2-in., 12 3/4-in., and 13-in. ODs. Milling and reaming took 6 hours. The third and final BHA to open the window to a 13 1/2-in. OD consisted of a 13 1/4-in. OD mill and two full-drift mills above. Milling and reaming with this BHA took 29 hours before coming back in with a motor assembly to drill ahead. This installation is the first sidetrack conducted with a whipstock in a 13 3/8-in. expandable. This paper will show that it is possible to safely and reliably install a casing exit system in difficult applications, such as deep expandable liners, that might previously have been considered unfeasible. This approach provides an opportunity for the industry to significantly reduce non-productive time in such scenarios.


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