Health of Convicted Persons in the Third Generation of the Longitudinal Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2110668
Author(s):  
Guy C. M. Skinner ◽  
David P. Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Industrial Accidents ◽  
The Third ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Relationship

Research suggests that convicted persons are more likely than non-convicted persons to suffer poor health. However, few longitudinal studies have investigated associations between health and offending across generations. Using the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, this article prospectively investigates the relationship between health and offending across generations and between genders. At the average age of 25, third generation convicted males and females reported a higher incidence of serious drug use than non-convicted persons. Convicted males reported a higher incidence of mental illness and self-harm, whereas convicted females reported a lower incidence of physical illness, mental illness, self-harm and hospitalizations when compared to non-convicted females. Convicted males reported a higher incidence of industrial accidents, sports injuries and fight injuries, but a lower incidence of road accidents, whereas convicted females were more likely to report road accidents. Like their fathers, convicted males show worse health compared to non-convicted individuals.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of wave spectrum during a typhoon

2021 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 02019
Author(s):  
Congying Kong ◽  
Hao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Process ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Wavewatch Iii ◽  
Directional Spectrum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
The Relationship

The third-generation wave model WAVEWATCH-III was used to numerically simulate the wave under the influence of a typhoon in the coastal area of China. The wave spectrum at the buoy point was output, and the characteristics of the wave spectrum were analyzed. The change of the wave spectrum during the typhoon process reflected the growth process of typhoon formation, development and extinction. The relationship between the wave spectrum and the wind direction was intuitively shown by the directional spectrum, indicating the coexistence of wind waves and swells in the sea area during the typhoon process.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Spatial Ability And The Physical Structure of concepts to The Students of The College of Education for Pure

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Prof .Dr. Fudwa Abbas Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Pure Sciences ◽  
Spatial Ability ◽  
College Of Education ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Third ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
The Relationship

          The research aims to identify the relationship between spatial ability  and the physical structure of concepts to the students of the Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences / Ibn al-Haitham، research involved students from the third class / morning study for the year 2011/2012  totaling (98) male and female students ،distributed into three groups which were selected randomly . The number of students (26 males and females)  represented research sample after excluding repeaters and absentees، the research included two tests ; one test of spatial ability، which included (20) items and other test the physical structure of concepts، which included (12) items distributed into four domains ، the first (linking between concepts) included (4) items and second (putting concepts on the map) included (3) items and the third (complete the map) included (3) items and the fourth (building the structure of the  map) included (2) items ، were built on according to the approved controls and after applied to a sample of the research and using appropriate statistical methods show that the level of spatial ability of students high and statistically significant، while the level of the physical structure of concepts acceptable and non-statistically significant also show that the relationship is negative and very weak between the variables of the research.

Reproductive System State among Generations of Male Rats, Obtained from Irradiated Parents and Subjected to Electromagnetic Interference from Mobile Phone (1745 MHz)

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Юрий Григорьев ◽  
Yuriy Grigor'ev ◽  
Н. Чуешова ◽  
N. Chueshova ◽  
Г. Верещако ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Epididymal Spermatozoa

Purpose: To study the condition of the reproductive system of the male rats at three generations (F1–F3) received from irradiated parents and who were exposed daily to the mobile phone (1745 MHz, 8 hours/day) until reaching the age of 6 months. Material and methods: The white rats aged 52–54 days were subjected to electromagnetic exposure from the mobile phone (1745 MHz, 8 hours/day, power density 0.2–20 μW/cm2, x = 7.5±0.3 μW/cm2) for 90 days. The irradiated males and females were then mated in a 1:2 ratio. The females throughout the gestation period (20–21 days) and the offspring (F1) obtained from them continued to be irradiated under the above-mentioned regimen until reaching the age of 6 months. The animals of the 1st generation (males and females) at the age of 4 months mated for the generation of the second generation, and from them in the same way received the offspring of the third generation. The state of the reproductive system of male rats of 3 generations was evaluated at the age of 2, 4 and 6 months. Results: It is established that birth rate at the irradiated animals of three generations authentically falls. This posterity from 8 females makes 53, 86 and 45 % respectively in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation of the control group. The electromagnetic effect affected the weight of the testicles and epididymis of rats of three generations, mainly at the age of 4 and 6 months. The mass of testicles increased at animals of the 3 generation at the age of 4 months and at animals of the 3rd generation at the age of 6 months. The mass of epididymis generally increases at animals of 4 months of the F1–F3, but at the age of 6 months in the 1st generation falls, and correlates with a decrease in the number of epididymal spermatozoa. There is also a decrease in the absolute and relative mass of seminal vesicles in irradiated animals of three generations at the age of 2 months. At exposed animals of 3 generations of 2 months there are no significant deviations in the process of spermatogenesis, however at the age of 4 and 6 months there are significant violations of the number of spermatids of different types. In male rats of the 1st generation at the age of 2 and 6 months exposed to EMP in the prenatal and postnatal periods and obtained from irradiated parents, a drop in the number of epididymal spermatozoa is observed, while in the irradiated animals of the 2nd and 3rd generation at the age of 2 months, there is a marked increase in the number of these cells. Their viability is reduced in all age groups (2, 4 and 6 months), which is statistically significant at the age of 2 and 4 months of animals of the 1st generation. In male rats of 1–3 generations at the age of 2 months and in 4 months 2nd generation, there was a significant decreased the concentration of testosterone in the blood serum by 65.8, 43.6, 82.8 and 93.4 %, respectively. Conclusions: The long-term effect of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation from the mobile phone on the body of rats of males and females, leads to a decrease in the birth rate of irradiated animals, which reaches 45 % in the third generation. Significant changes in the studied indicators of the reproductive system of male rats of three generations are revealed, which is reflected in a decrease in the number of epididymal spermatozoa in the 1st generation and in a significant increase in the 2nd and 3rd generation – early puberty, in the fall of their viability and the predominant decrease in the concentration of testosterone in the blood serum.

scholarly journals Health care utilisation for treatment of injuries among immigrants in Norway: a nationwide register linkage study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyvind Ohm ◽  
Kristin Holvik ◽  
Marte Karoline Råberg Kjøllesdal ◽  
Christian Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Health Care Utilisation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Care Utilisation ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Type Of Injury

Abstract Background Previous research has generally found lower rates of injury incidence in immigrant populations than in native-born populations. Most of this literature relies on mortality statistics or hospital data, and we know less about injuries treated in primary health care. The aim of the present study was to assess use of primary and secondary care for treatment of injuries among immigrants in Norway according to geographic origin and type of injury. Methods We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort study of all individuals aged 25–64 years who resided in Norway as of January 1st 2008. This cohort was followed through 2014 by linking sociodemographic information and injury data from primary and secondary care. We grouped immigrants into six world regions of origin and identified immigrants from the ten most frequently represented countries of origin. Six categories of injury were defined: fractures, superficial injuries, open wounds, dislocations/sprains/strains, burns and poisoning. Poisson regression models were fitted to estimate incidence rate ratios separately for injuries treated in primary and secondary care according to immigrant status, geographic origin and type of injury, with adjustment for sex, age, county of residence, marital status and socioeconomic status. Results Immigrants had a 16% lower incidence of injury in primary care than non-immigrants (adjusted IRR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.83–0.84), and a 10% lower incidence of injury in secondary care (adjusted IRR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.90–0.91). Immigrants from Asia, Africa and European countries outside EU/EEA had lower rates than non-immigrants for injuries treated in both primary and secondary care. Rates were lower in immigrants for most injury types, and in particular for fractures and poisoning. For a subset of injuries treated in secondary care, we found that immigrants had lower rates than non-immigrants for treatment of self-harm, falls, sports injuries and home injuries, but higher rates for treatment of assault, traffic injuries and occupational injuries. Conclusions Health care utilisation for treatment of injuries in primary and secondary care in Norway was lower for immigrants compared to non-immigrants. Incidence rates were especially low for immigrants originating from Asia, Africa and European countries outside EU/EEA, and for treatment of fractures, poisoning, self-harm and sports injuries.

INHERITED STERILITY AND POSTEMBRYONIC SURVIVAL OF TWO GENERATIONS OF TOBACCO BUDWORMS, HELIOTHIS VIRESCEHS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), FROM PARTIALLY STERILE MALES

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. I. Proshold ◽  
J. A. Bartell
Keyword(s):  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
The Third ◽  
Normal Fertility ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Average Fertility ◽  
Inherited Sterility

AbstractMale Heliothis virescens (F.) were irradiated with 7.5, 15.0, or 22.5 krad of 7-rays and crossed with untreated females. Then fertility of these treated males (PJ and of their descendants was studied for two generations. In addition, the postembryonic survival of the Fx and F2 generations was studied. Fertility (percentage egg hatch) of P1 males was greater than that of Ft males or Fj females. There was more postembryonic survival in the F1 than in the F2 generation. When the Px males received 22.5 krad, few F2 larvae hatched, and none survived. When Pt males received 15.0 krad, the fertility of F1 males and females was less than 5, and 10%, respectively, and less than 20% of the F2 larvae survived; however, sterility factors were nearly eliminated by the third generation. When P1 males received 7.5 or 15.0 krad, the average fertility of F2 males was greater than that of F1 or P1 males but less than that of untreated controls, though fertility of some F2 males was normal. The lower the dose received by P1 males, the greater was the frequency of F2 males with normal fertility.

The Harilela Enterprises: An Indian Family Business in Hong Kong

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
John Ward ◽  
Suren Mansinghka ◽  
Elyssa Tran ◽  
Bhaskar Sambamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Family Ownership ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Leadership Succession ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Management Leadership ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Business Study

A second-generation, multi-billion-dollar Asian family business, run for decades by six brothers, faces issues of ownership, family employment, management, leadership, governance, and succession as it transitions to the third generation of siblings and cousins.To examine ownership and leadership succession strategies and the preparation for next-generation leadership of a family business; study the relationship between business governance and family ownership; illustrate the dilemma of concentrated family ownership control vs. dispersed family ownership; and explore stewardship leadership as a burden and as an opportunity challenging the next-generation leader.

The effect of population size in idea-based growth models: A critical survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-491
Author(s):  
Ákos Dombi
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Critical Survey ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Third ◽  
Precise Mapping ◽  
The Relationship

This paper reviews the issue of population size (scale effects) in idea-based growth models. It addresses both weak and strong scale effects and incorporates the related distinctive features of the three strata of idea-based growth models. The paper also comments on third-generation models, emphasising their fragile framework due to the limited range of R&D spillover space they can accommodate. It is argued that because of the shortcomings of the third-generation models, a precise mapping of the relationship between population size and economic growth requires further research.

Adolescents’ self-mutilation - Relationship with dependent behaviour

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bolognini ◽  
B. Plancherel ◽  
J. Laget ◽  
P. Stéphan ◽  
O. Halfon
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Partial Overlap ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study, which was carried out in the French-speacking part of Switzerland, was to examine the relationship between suicide attempts and self-mutilation by adolescents and young adults. The population, aged 14-25 years (N = 308), included a clinical sample of dependent subjects (drug abuse and eating disorders) compared to a control sample. On the basis of the Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview ( Sheehan et al., 1998 ), DSM-IV criteria were used for the inclusion of the clinical population. The results concerning the occurrence of suicide attempts as well as on self-mutilation confirm most of the hypotheses postulated: suicidal attempts and self-mutilation were more common in the clinical group compared to the control group, and there was a correlation between suicide attempts and self-mutilation. However, there was only a partial overlap, attesting that suicide and self-harm might correspond to two different types of behaviour.

Coping Style as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison S. Christian ◽  
Kristen M. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) occurs with high frequency among clinical and nonclinical youth populations. Although depression has been consistently linked with the behavior, not all depressed individuals engage in DSH. Aims: The current study examined maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, distancing, and self-isolation) as mediators between depression and DSH among undergraduate students. Methods: 202 students from undergraduate psychology courses at a private university in Southern California (77.7% women) completed anonymous self-report measures. Results: A hierarchical regression model found no differences in DSH history across demographic variables. Among coping variables, self-isolation alone was significantly related to DSH. A full meditational model was supported: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to DSH, but adding self-isolation to the model rendered the relationship nonsignificant. Limitations: The cross-sectional study design prevents determination of whether a casual relation exists between self-isolation and DSH, and obscures the direction of that relationship. Conclusions: Results suggest targeting self-isolation as a means of DSH prevention and intervention among nonclinical, youth populations.

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