Perceived Competence as a Mediator in Parental Engagement in Speech Therapy

Parental engagement has been recognised as a critical factor in providing optimal speech therapy services to children. However, it continues to be challenging for clinicians to effectively engage parents in speech and language intervention for their children. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the roles of parental expectation and parent-therapist communication on parental engagement in speech therapy and to determine the contribution of the parent’s perceived competence as a mediator. A total of 389 respondents were selected from government hospitals in Malaysia for this cross-sectional study. Four instruments were administered: Parental Expectation Scale, Therapist-Parent Communication Questionnaire, Perceived Competence Scale, and Parent Home-programme Compliance Questionnaire. In addition, descriptive, bivariate, and mediation analyses were performed using SPSS and Smart-PLS software to address the study objectives. The results showed that perceived competence partially mediated the relationship between communication and expectation on parental engagement. Thus, it can be concluded that to ensure parental engagement in a child’s intervention which is vital for a better outcome. Parents need to be competent and believe strongly in their capabilities to practise in speech and language intervention. Moreover, policymakers and clinicians should focus on strategies that can improve parental expectations and communication.

The Economic Incentives of Cultural Transmission: Spatial Evidence from Naming Patterns Across France

This paper studies how economic incentives influence cultural transmission, using a crucial expression of cultural identity: Child naming decisions. Our focus is on Arabic versus Non-Arabic names given in France over the 2003-2007 period. Our model of cultural transmission features three determinants: (i) vertical (parental) cultural transmission culture; (ii) horizontal (neighborhood) influence; (iii) information on the economic penalty associated with Arabic names. We find that economic incentives largely influence naming choices: Would the parental expectation on the economic penalty be zero, the annual number of babies born with an Arabic name would be more than 50 percent larger.

KETERKAITAN PERSEPSI TERHADAP EKSPEKTASI ORANG TUA DENGAN KESULITAN DALAM MENGAMBIL KEPUTUSAN KARIER PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT AKHIR

Jenjang mahasiswa merupakan tahap pengambilan keputusan karier yang berkaitan dengan dunia kerja. Namun,ditemukan bahwa mahasiswa tingkat akhir mengalami kesulitan dalam memutuskan kariernya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri keterkaitan antara persepsi terhadap ekspektasi orang tua dengan kesulitan dalam mengambil keputusan karier pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan non-eksperimental yaitu korelasional dan data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 103 mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Living up to Parental Expectation Inventory dan Career Decision Making Difficulties Questionnaire. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif antara keduanya, di mana semakin negatif seseorang memersepsikan ekspektasi orang tuanya, maka akan semakin tinggi dia merasa kesulitan dalam mengambil keputusan karier (r=-0.28, p<0.05). Penelitian ini menunjukan pentingnya komunikasi antara mahasiswa tingkat akhir dan orang tua.

Cultural Impact of Perceived Parental Expectations on Students’ Academic Stress

The current study was conducted to investigate the cultural impact of perceived parental expectation on students’ academic stress. Study was completed through correlational research design. Survey was conducted by using questionnaires as a method of data collection. Multistage-sampling technique was used to approach the respondents. As a sample of study 977 students were selected. There are two research instruments that were used; Perceived Parental Expectation Scale (Wang, & Heppner, 2002) and Questionnaire of Academic Stress in Secondary Education (Garcia-Ros, Perez-Gonzalez, & Tomas, 2018). Following statistical tests were used to analyze the data; Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, Linear regression, t-test for independent samples design, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results revealed that a positive relationship between parental expectation and academic stress, standard regression model show significant impact of parental expectations on academic stress and difference of perceived parental expectations and academic stress with respect to the gender of the students’ differences was reported in result favoring male students for higher expectations and stress. Students those parents were unemployed reported to perceive higher level of parental expectations and academic stress. Significant differences due to geographical location of zones (upper Punjab, central Punjab and southern Punjab) relative to parental expectations and academic stress was also reported. Significant results were reported according to different groups of parental education. In the domain of SES, there are differences in parental expectations and academic stress among students at secondary level.

Expect the Best; Not the Worst: The Impact of Parental Expectation on Black Males’ Math Scores

Due to the racial and gender disparities within K-12 education for Black males, this study examines parental expectations as a moderator in the association between student’s educational expectancy and their math scores. This study utilized a national representative sample from the High School Longitudinal Study: 2009 to test hypotheses with 1,282 9th grade Black males. Results indicated significant interaction effects for parental expectations and students’ educational expectancy on their math scores. The authors discuss practical and clinical implications of the results.

Clinicians prescribe antibiotics for childhood respiratory tract infection based on assessment, rather than parental expectation

The studyCabral C, Horwood J, Symonds J, et al. Understanding the influence of parent-clinician communication on antibiotic prescribing for children with respiratory tract infections in primary care: a qualitative observational study using a conversation analysis approach. BMC Fam Pract 2019;20:102.This project was funded by the NIHR School for Primary Care Research Programme (project number SPCR204).To read the full NIHR Signal, go to: https://discover.dc.nihr.ac.uk/content/signal-000829/gps-assessment-not-parental-expectation-drives-antibiotic-prescribing