History Construction and Psychological and Pedagogical Technologies for the Formation of the Subject

The article examines history from the standpoint of radical constructivism as a conceptual construction of past events. History is a system of suggested social abstractions in relation to past events. Abstractions are embedded in the subject in the form of value attitudes through the transformation of connotations (symbolic) into concepts (imaginary). As a result of the use of psychological and pedagogical technologies, a socially mature and patriotically motivated personality appears.

Scaffolding on Student Construction Errors in Mathematics Problem Solving

The Purpose of this study is to find out what forms of conceptual construction errors experienced by students in solving mathematical problems and the appropriate form of scaffolding for each concept construction error experienced. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. In determining the subject of this study using purposive sampling technique. The research subjects were students of class XII, the subjects of this study were 6 people which were then reduced to 2 people representing medium and low abilities. The instruments used in this study were test questions and interview sheets. The data obtained were analyzed by the steps (1) Reducing the data. (2) presenting data and (3) drawing conclusions. The results of this study are that S1 experienced more “correct” pseudo construction errors and mis-logical construction with the scaffolding provided, namely level 2 (reviewing, explaining and restructuring) while S2 experienced four types of errors with the scaffolding provided, level 2 scaffolding. each individual will be different because it must be adjusted to the actual development zone of each.

Children’s life in superdiversity contexts: Impacts on the construction of a children’s citizenship – the Portuguese case

This article develops a reflexive and interpretive analysis of the life of children in superdiversity contexts, systematizing some of its impacts on the construction of a children’s citizenship, with particular reference to the Portuguese case. The article promotes the conceptual construction of the child in the 21st century through the correlation of qualitative analysis variables based on a multidisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary theoretical framework. The article introduces the child protection system in Portugal within a framework of European and international influences. It identifies the indicators present in public policies and in the social welfare system that affect child protection in a cross-analysis with the professional practices that intervene with children and families. The author addresses the questions of the ecosocial dimension in the territorialized intervention of family policies in contemporary and multiple approaches to superdiversity. For policy-makers and practitioners in local government, NGOs and social services, appreciating the dimensions and dynamics of superdiversity has profound implications for how they might understand and deal with modes of difference and their interactions within the population. The article concludes with a systematization on the current problems regarding the child as a citizen in contemporary society.

(In)authentic Tourist Attractions: How Chinese Tourists Perceive Russian “Fakelore”

The study investigates the concept of authenticity empirically as constructed by Chinese tourists when they visit tourist attractions in Russia with distinct ethnic or local attributes. The corpus of tourists’ reviews has been examined, using a corpus-assisted methodology supported by Wmatrix. A linguistic level of authenticity representation appears to be only a source domain for the conceptual construction of authenticity. Chinese tourists reflect on outer ‘objective’ attributes of authenticity to construct an authenticity of another type. These mental constructs are organized based on the primary ontological and spatial experience. Semantic categories serve as a conceptual source domain that organizes a target domain. The findings show a Chinese tourist conceptualizes authenticity through the metaphors of primary experience, including time-space orientation — PLACE IS A FAR DISTANCE, PAST IS BACK, GOOD IS UP and an ontological metaphor — A TOURED OBJECT IS A CONTAINER. The content of a container is qualified and quantified through a conceptual metaphor of AUTHENTICATING IS LEARNING A CONTAINER. A container is qualified as THE SUPERNATURAL IS A MAGIC PERSON and quantified by a conceptual metaphor UNUSUAL IS LESS.

Politics, industry, and tourism: The conceptual construction of the blue highway

This article contributes to the research on the expansion of the Swedish post-war road network by illuminating the role of tourism in addition to political and industrial agendas. Specifically, it examines the “conceptual construction” of the Blue Highway, which currently stretches from the Atlantic Coast of Norway, traverses through Sweden and Finland, and enters into Russia. The focus is on Swedish governmental reports and national press between the 1950s and the 1970s. The article identifies three overlapping meanings attached to the Blue Highway: a political agenda of improving the relationships between the Nordic countries, industrial interests, and tourism. Political ambitions of Nordic community building were clearly pronounced at the onset of the project. Industrial actors depended on the road for the building of power plants and dams. The road became gradually more connected with the view of tourism as the motor of regional development.

An ontology of off-task behavior in a number activity: The body, space-time, and mathematics

This article aims to interrogate the Cartesian rationality determining current early childhood mathematics by highlighting the irrational aspect of mathematics learning, which is usually underemphasized and even devalued by the dominant discourse. Using Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of refrain as the method, the article explores the unfolding emergence of a child’s off-task behavior in a number activity as it conceptualizes the child’s body in relation to its surroundings. The article also explores how this conceptualization of off-task behavior helps to rethink mathematical ability and conceptual construction in responding to and elaborating on research on embodied mathematics. Based on these explorations, the article hopes to contribute a strategy for the vision of adopting a more democratic manner in mathematics learning.

Dialectics in early Yogācāra and bodhisattva ideal

The article covers several aspects of Buddhist dialectics, as recorded in the last section of the “Abhidharma Compendium” (Abhidharma-samuccaya). It was compiled by Asanga (4th cent. AD) who was one of the founders of the Mahayana Buddhist school of Yogacara. Based on the Sanskrit text, the author gives a detailed account of Asanga's perception of the phenomenon of dialectics. He highlights the aspects as follows: the doctrine of reasoning methods, which provide the student with true knowledge, and the evidence of the reliability of this knowledge. The first part of dialectics comprises the essence of Buddhist teachings, which according to Asanga sees in the idea of three natures - the imagined, the dependent and the absolute (parikalpita, paratantra, pariniṣpanna) one. The second part covers the principles of rhetorics and the argumentation theory. Common principles lying in the basis of Buddhist rhetoric are determined by the bodhisattva ideal, or the ideal of an enlightened person who rises above the difference between samsara and nirvana, thus achieving the force to save other sentient beings from the ocean of saṃsāra. The author also points to the paradox that is immanent in Buddhist rhetoric: a preacher must show the emptiness of any conceptual construction by using the same constructions to enable the audience to get through them and to reach the non-conceptual reality. The article is an original study on the history of ancient and medieval Indian philosophy and rhetoric and will be of interest to everyone who deals with this problem.