Psychological analysis of professional activities of heads of state authorities

The article discusses the problem of specifics of professional activities of heads of state power in modern conditions and the role of subjective psychological factors in the success of its implementation. It is noted that along with the function of "normative control", the head of power must take independent management decisions in conditions of increased social responsibility. This can give rise to intrapersonal conflict, moral and intellectual overload of the politician, which affect the effectiveness of its activities. When the hierarchical status of the manager increases, its power, freedom to exercise power, and therefore personal responsibility for making managerial decisions increase too. In this regard, the importance of subjective factors when exercising power functions of the head is increasing. The concepts “power” and “management” are analysed in the article, the characterisation of the subject exercising power is given in comparison with the “manager”, the psychological concepts of power and the compensatory nature of the need for power are highlighted. The author draws attention to the variety of studies of power motivation, the presence of various approaches to the analysis of power motives, the possibility of highlighting the instrumental and value, personality-oriented and socio-oriented components of power motivation. The importance of the existence of socially-oriented motives in the structure of motivation of heads of government bodies is emphasised, as well as the need to form a system of prosocial value orientations, which can determine the qualitative specificity and effectiveness of heads' activities. The importance of improving the personnel selection system for positions of heads of state power, taking into account value-motivating factors, is discussed.

Connect vs conquer? CEO gender and implicit motives

PurposeThis study examined gender differences in CEOs' expression of implicit achievement, power and affiliation motivation. Building on the role congruity account of sex differences and similarities in motivation and existing literature on implicit motives, the study tested whether female CEOs would express higher affiliation motivation than male CEOs and similar levels of achievement motivation. In addition, gender differences in power motivation were explored.Design/methodology/approachThe study used propensity score matching to generate a comparable sample of male and female CEOs from publicly traded companies. Subsequently, the authors content-coded CEO letters from annual reports using Winter's (1994) manual for scoring motive imagery in running text.FindingsOverall, CEOs expressed more achievement and power motivation than affiliation motivation. Comparisons between male and female CEOs showed that female CEOs expressed lower power and higher affiliation motivation than male CEOs.Research limitations/implicationsBy integrating implicit motive theory with social role theory and the role congruity account of motivation, this study provides a theoretical framework and novel demonstration that understanding social roles and gender roles can lend insights into motive expression by CEOs.Originality/valueThe study uses established theory and a validated scoring method in a novel way by analyzing implicit motives from CEO letters, a critical communication channel in the CEO–shareholder relationship. In doing so, this study adopts a sociocultural perspective. Informed by the role congruity account of motivation, the study demonstrates the importance of social roles and gender roles for motivational displays.

Teori Motivasi Mcclelland dan Implikasinya dalam Pembelajaran PAI

The issue of learning achievement for students needs to be an important discussion because it can affect the education of a nation. Among the causes of low student achievement is motivation. All parties involved in education should contribute to solving the problem. This article aims to explore McClelland's motivational theory and actualize it in Islamic education (PAI) learning. The approach used is a qualitative approach by conducting literature studies or library research in accordance with the theme of the main topic. The analysis used is discourse analysis to examine the value or message contained in a text, especially about McClelland's achievement motivation theory and PAI learning. The results of this study indicate that PAI learning should contain McClelland's motivation regarding achievement motivation, power motivation, and affiliation motivation to support the interests of students. This is also supported by the argument from the Qur'an and the Hadith.

Motivasi Kerja Karyawan Pada Ritel Modern Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 dikaitkan dengan Prestasi Kerja.

The competition between modern physical retailers in the industrial revolution 4.0 have an impact on the number of physical retail stores that have been forced to close, due to declining turnover. This encourages management to focus more on the performance of employees to be able to achieve. Outstanding employees are able to exceed the target set by the company. The factors that are thought to affect work performance are motivation, knowledge, ability, expertise, education, experience, training, interests, and attitudes. In this study, the factors that are focused are motivational factors. The theory that became the basis was pioneered by McClelland, which included achievement motivation, power motivation, and affiliate motivation. This research method is a quantitative method, with an expalanatory causal approach. Data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires to 31 retail employees from 3 branches. Data analysis using WarpPLS 6.0 software. The results of the study explain that overall motivation affects work productivity.

On Power Motive Imagery

Power motivation is associated with conflict escalation, according to David Winter—a thesis that Jason Quinn and Laurel Stone agree with. Nevertheless, Winter has some corrections for Quinn and Stone.