The illusion of matter, energy, environmental issues

  The subject of this research is the establishment of correlation between the illusion of the world of matter and environmental issues. The object of this research is the concepts of “illusion”, “matter”, and “energy”. The author traces the evolution of representations of the illusion of the world and its perception. The author dwells on the philosophical aspects of quantum physics, questioning the postulates of materialism on the primacy of matter, and acknowledgement of its esthesis by human as the criterion of the only true being. Special attention is given to the role of consciousness in the illusory distortion of matter and quantum field reality, which is substantiated by the complexity of comprehension of multiple quantum phenomena. The author underlines the need for studying the correlation between environmental issues and the processes in quantum field reality. The main conclusion consists in explication of the fact that the material world is perceived delusively by imperfect human sensory receptors, and its very being is somewhat an illusion. For denoting a single substance, the author employs the term “foreign matter”, which implies the imperceptible reality of energy waves of different frequency. A hypothesis of the continual-energy model of atom, which complements the Rutherford discrete-corpuscular planetary model of atom is advanced. The author’s special contribution lies in the statement that the actual causes of many environmental issues should be sought for not in the world of matter, but in the foreign matter of quantum field reality. The novelty consists in the proposal to develop the consciousness of anthropocentrism, naturecentrism, and theocentrism, which prompt the reduction to part (merism), to the whole (holism) or uniform (henotheism) respectively; and the consciousness of post-holism, where the uniform (i.e. energy) is within the whole and each part of the physical world, considering its unique characteristics. It is noted that the worldview of ecocentrism, and ecological version of post-holism form the true environmental picture of the world.  

Gravity Field (Low Frequency) of Planet Earth Described by Theory of New Axioms and Laws

The theory of new axioms and laws is published by the same author. It describes nonparametric and nonlinear processes and contains 2 new axioms and 8 new laws. Unlike Classical field theory, it describes longitudinal or transverse non-uniform motions which are accelerating or decelerating. According to the Axiom 1 every unevenly rotation of one vector forms open vortex which can be transverse or longitudinal and accelerating or decelerating. From the planetary model of Rutherford it is known that there is analogy between the electrons and an planets including the planet Earth. By analogy - the electrons and the internal planets are similar Gravitational bodies. According the Law 1 the model of the electron or the Earth represents a decelerating transverse vortex rolled into a plane (2D) and generating in its center accelerating longitudinal Gravity Funnel in (3D), perpendicular to the same plane. Inside- the primary accelerating longitudinal Gravity vectors are with decreasing dimensions and forms the decelerating Magnetic Field as a Back wave passing through the center of Earth. Outside- because of resistance of environment in periphery, is formed Back wave or decelerating Gravity vortex that passes outside the body of Earth. According Axiom 2 the reason for the creation of the electron is the generation by the corresponding proton. By analogythe reason for the creation of internal planets, including the planet Earth is in the generation of a specific vortex inside the corresponding for Earth resonator in the volume of the Sun. It is Low Frequency vortex which is formed in the third cylindrical resonator that corresponds to Earth. According Law 2 the proton or the resonator inside Sun is generated by a decelerating longitudinal vortex with direction from outside to inside which creates an accelerating transverse vortex from inside to outside in the perpendicular plane. As it is strongly accelerated this vortex from inside to outside it shoots itself into space in direction to the Earth. Due to the friction it decelerates and according to the previous Law 1 it winds into as a decelerating transverse vortex generating the body of Earth. According Law 5 decelerating vortex emits decelerating cross vortices from itself to outside. This decelerating vortices in periphery of the Earth emit energy and warm the center of the Earth. That is why the periphery of Earth is cool ,but the center of Earth is hot . According Law 6 the accelerating cross vortex sucks accelerating cross vortices to itself . This accelerating cross vortex at center of the Sun sucks energy and warm from center and emits them to periphery of Sun. That is why the center of Sun is cool but the periphery is extremely accelerated and hot. The described generating mechanism only applies to the inner planets. For the outer planets, the generation algorithm is orthogonal and will be described further

Recounting the Orbs

This paper explores how the idea of discovery in astronomy gained a footing in the production and use of planetary models. It focuses on the period 1780–1850, during which the number of known bodies in the solar system increased concomitantly with a growing market for didactic instruments and toys. Specific examples of tridimensional models are discussed, in order to illustrate two main themes: the orrery as a changeable planetary model open to the choices of consumers and users, and the development of the armillary sphere from its original Ptolemaic configuration to a Copernican design suitable to incorporate newly found orbs. It is argued that the idea of discovery as applied to the realm of educational planetary models entailed marketing advantages, but also raised issues of credibility and posed challenges concerning the exactness, functionality, and actuality of models.

Thermal evolution of Uranus and Neptune

The brightness of Neptune is often found to be in accordance with an adiabatic interior, while the low luminosity of Uranus challenges this assumption. Here we apply revised equation of state data of hydrogen, helium, and water and compute the thermal evolution of Uranus and Neptune assuming an adiabatic interior. For this purpose, we have developed a new planetary model and evolution code. We investigate the influence of albedo, solar energy influx, and equations of state of H and He, and water on the cooling time. Our cooling times of about τU = 5.1 × 109 yr for Uranus and τN = 3.7 × 109 yr for Neptune bracket the known age of the planets of 4.56 × 109 yr implying that neither planet’s present-day luminosity can be explained by adiabatic cooling. We also find that uncertainties on input parameters such as the level of irradiation matter generally more for Uranus than for Neptune. Our results suggest that in contrast to common assumptions, neither planet is fully adiabatic in the deeper interior.

Theoretical and empirical justification of hydrogen atom planetary model

The basis for the hydrogen atom planetary model, which represents the development of the Rutherford-Bohr atom model, is presented. The measurements of the atom polarizability, radius, electric and magnetic moments, as well as the Stark and Zeeman effects are given as an argument. The central paragraph of the Article is a comparison of the binding energy obtained based on wave measurement data (the Rydberg constant) and the binding energy obtained by calculation according to the data of the electron charge and mass fundamental constants and applying the principle of momentum conservation. The substantiation of the atom stability is given proceeding from the atom planetary model. The nature and mechanism of the optical spectrum formation is discussed. The substantiation of the fine structure of the hydrogen atom spectral lines is presented, proceeding from the fundamental association between the electric field strength of the electron charge and the speed of its velocity. The origin of the optical spectrum hyperfine structure is discussed within the planetary model. The difficulty in constructing an acceptable theory of the electronic structure of atoms is primarily due to the complexity of obtaining direct information on the atoms internal structure. The point is that the outermost electron shell of an atom behaves itself like an effective screen for external probing electrical fields. This circumstance sharply limits the possibilities of experimental methods for studying the intra-atomic structure. On the other hand, it is imperative that the research methods being employed be non-destructive ones in order to obtain reliable information concerning the structure of atoms. This means that the action on the atom during measurement process must meet the condition of the electron shell perturbation smallness of the atom or ion being investigated. Concerns associated with the inaccessibility of the electronic structure of atoms served as a pretext for a conclusion of the limited possibilities of the empirical method of knowing the internal structure of atoms at the proper time.

Constant fields

This chapter reviews the basic ideas of electrostatics (Coulomb’s law) and magnetostatics (the Biot–Savart law). It studies the motion of a charge in a Coulomb field in detail. The chapter shows how the motion of a charge q in the Coulomb field of a charge Q held fixed at the origin of an inertial frame is governed by the Lorentz equation. Moreover, it can be solved like the Kepler problem discussed in the previous Book. Next, the chapter discusses the Rutherford scattering formula which established the ‘planetary’ model of the atom, the Bohr–Sommerfeld quantization which displayed the limits of the theory, and finally the spin coupling explaining the atomic fine structure.