scholarly journals Theoretical and empirical justification of hydrogen atom planetary model

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Aleksey A. Potapov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Binding Energy ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Optical Spectrum ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Electron Shell ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Electron Charge ◽  
Planetary Model

The basis for the hydrogen atom planetary model, which represents the development of the Rutherford-Bohr atom model, is presented. The measurements of the atom polarizability, radius, electric and magnetic moments, as well as the Stark and Zeeman effects are given as an argument. The central paragraph of the Article is a comparison of the binding energy obtained based on wave measurement data (the Rydberg constant) and the binding energy obtained by calculation according to the data of the electron charge and mass fundamental constants and applying the principle of momentum conservation. The substantiation of the atom stability is given proceeding from the atom planetary model. The nature and mechanism of the optical spectrum formation is discussed. The substantiation of the fine structure of the hydrogen atom spectral lines is presented, proceeding from the fundamental association between the electric field strength of the electron charge and the speed of its velocity. The origin of the optical spectrum hyperfine structure is discussed within the planetary model. The difficulty in constructing an acceptable theory of the electronic structure of atoms is primarily due to the complexity of obtaining direct information on the atoms internal structure. The point is that the outermost electron shell of an atom behaves itself like an effective screen for external probing electrical fields. This circumstance sharply limits the possibilities of experimental methods for studying the intra-atomic structure. On the other hand, it is imperative that the research methods being employed be non-destructive ones in order to obtain reliable information concerning the structure of atoms. This means that the action on the atom during measurement process must meet the condition of the electron shell perturbation smallness of the atom or ion being investigated. Concerns associated with the inaccessibility of the electronic structure of atoms served as a pretext for a conclusion of the limited possibilities of the empirical method of knowing the internal structure of atoms at the proper time.

SPACE-CHARGE SPECTROSCOPY OF ELECTRONIC STATES IN Ge/Si QUANTUM DOTS WITH TYPE-II BAND ALIGNMENT

2007 ◽  
Vol 06 (05) ◽  
pp. 353-356
Author(s):  
A. I. YAKIMOV ◽  
A. V. DVURECHENSKII ◽  
A. I. NIKIFOROV ◽  
A. A. BLOSHKIN
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Binding Energy ◽  
Space Charge ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Band Alignment ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Electron Confinement ◽  
Si Quantum Dots

Space-charge spectroscopy was employed to study electronic structure in a stack of four layers of Ge quantum dots coherently embedded in an n-type Si (001) matrix. Evidence for an electron confinement in the vicinity of Ge dots was found. From the frequency-dependent measurements the electron binding energy was determined to be ~50 meV, which is consistent with the results of numerical analysis. The data are explained by a modification of the conduction band alignment induced by inhomogeneous tensile strain in Si around the buried Ge dots.

ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF CRYSTALLINE C60

1992 ◽  
Vol 06 (06) ◽  
pp. 309-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.Y. CHING ◽  
MING-ZHU HUANG ◽  
YONG-NIAN XU ◽  
FANQI GAN
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electronic Structure ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Optical Spectrum ◽  
Local Density ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Good Agreement

The electronic structure and optical properties of crystalline C 60 and their pressure dependence have been studied by first-principles local density calculations. It is shown that fcc C 60 has a low dielectric constant and an optical spectrum rich in structures. The spectrum shows five disconnected absorption bands in the 1.4 to 7.0 eV region with sharp structures in each band that can be attributed to critical point transitions. This is a manifestation of the localized molecular structure coupled with long range crystalline order unique to the C 60 crystal. At a sufficient high pressure, the structures in the optical spectrum start to merge due to the merging of the bands. These results are in good agreement with some recent experimental measurements.

scholarly journals Simulations of Defect-Interface Interactions in GaN

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 287-293
Author(s):  
J. A. Chisholm ◽  
P. D. Bristowe
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Binding Energy ◽  
Point Defects ◽  
Potential Model ◽  
Pair Potential ◽  
Planar Defects ◽  
Native Defects ◽  
Native Point Defects ◽  
Bulk Gan ◽  
Image Position

We report on the interaction of native point defects with commonly observed planar defects in GaN. Using a pair potential model we find a positive binding energy for all native defects to the three boundary structures investigated indicating a preference for native defects to form in these interfaces. The binding energy is highest for the Ga interstitial and lowest for vacancies. Interstitials, which are not thought to occur in significant concentrations in bulk GaN, should form in the (11 0) IDB and the (10 0) SMB and consequently alter the electronic structure of these boundaries.

POSSIBLE EVIDENCE FOR A VALENCE BAND SATELLITE IN PHOTOEMISSION SPECTRA FROM Sc(0001)

1994 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 649-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. PATCHETT ◽  
S.S. DHESI ◽  
R.I.R. BLYTH ◽  
S.D. BARRETT
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Binding Energy ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Valence Band ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Rare Earth Metals ◽  
Final State ◽  
Bulk Single Crystals ◽  
The Creation

An intense photoemission feature is observed at a binding energy of ~10 eV in the UV photoemission spectra from the (0001) surfaces of bulk single crystals of rare-earth metals. This emission cannot be explained in terms of ground state electronic structure and we have been unable to attribute its existence to the presence of contamination of the surface. We present some evidence that may indicate its origin lies in the creation, by the photoemission process, of a metastable two-hole final state.

Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Nicholas Mee
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Periodic Table ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Exclusion Principle ◽  
Middle Years ◽  
Absorption Of Light

The emission and absorption of light by atoms produces discrete sets of spectral lines that were a vital clue to unravelling the structure of atoms and their elucidation was an important step towards the development of quantum mechanics. In the middle years of the nineteenth century Bunsen and Kirchhoff discovered that spectral lines can be used to determine the chemical composition of stars. Following Rutherford’s discovery of the nucleus, Bohr devised a model of the hydrogen atom that explained the spectral lines that it produces. His work was developed further by Pauli, who postulated the exclusion principle in order to explain the structure of other types of atom. This enabled him to explain the layout of the Periodic Table and the chemical properties of the elements.

scholarly journals Nonradial and radial oscillations observed in non-emission line OB dwarfs and giants

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 255-263
Author(s):  
Dietrich Baade
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Emission Line ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Ob Stars ◽  
Pulsating Stars ◽  
Reconnaissance Surveys

Only a decade ago, this talk could have concerned only the β Cephei stars which however populate a much more precisely defined strip in the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram (MED). But recent reconnaissance surveys (Smith 1977; Smith and Penrod 1984; Waelkens and Rufener 1985; Baade, in preparation) show that perhaps only one, if any, sizeable region of the upper HRD is devoid of nonradially pulsating stars. The identification of the driving mechanism is still pending (cf. the parallel talk by Osaki), and apparently our knowledge about the internal structure of OB stars is incomplete. But, turning that argument around, it also is indicative of how much may be learned about OB stars from and through the solution of that fundamental problem. This seismologial potential, the ubiquity of the phenomenon, and the effect, as suggested by recent observations of some stars, of the pulsations on the mass loss of OB stars make the oscillations of OB stars one of the most important problems of current astrophysics. On the observational side, rotationally broadened spectral lines, large amplitudes, comparatively long periods, and high luminosities permit information to be gathered which otherwise is accessible only for the sun.

Electronic structure of Ni-Cu alloys: Thed-electron charge distribution

1998 ◽  
Vol 57 (24) ◽  
pp. 15204-15210 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Hsieh ◽  
Y. K. Chang ◽  
W. F. Pong ◽  
J. Y. Pieh ◽  
P. K. Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Charge Distribution ◽  
Electron Charge ◽  
Cu Alloys ◽  
Electron Charge Distribution

Electronic structure and binding energy relaxation of ScZr atomic alloying

2016 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
Maolin Bo ◽  
Yongling Guo ◽  
Xuexian Yang ◽  
Junjie He ◽  
Yonghui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Binding Energy ◽  
Energy Relaxation

SUPERSTRUCTURE FORMATION AND X-RAY PHOTOEMISSION PROPERTIES OF THE TlTiOPO4 SURFACE

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. ATUCHIN ◽  
L. D. POKROVSKY ◽  
V. G. KESLER ◽  
N. YU. MAKLAKOVA ◽  
V. I. VORONKOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Binding Energy ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Band Structure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Photoemission Spectroscopy ◽  
High Energy Electron ◽  
Valence Band Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Core Level Binding Energy

X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) measurements have been executed for TlTiOPO 4 to elucidate the general features in the electronic structure of the KTiOPO 4 family compounds. The peculiarities of the valence band structure have been discussed for the crystals. The persistence of core level binding energy differences O 1s–P 2p and O 1s–Ti 2p 3/2 has been detected in TlTiOPO 4 and KTiOPO 4, which relates well with the constancy of averaged P – O and Ti – O chemical bond lengths in this crystal family. The superstructure ordering of the TlTiOPO 4 surface subjected to polishing and annealing has been detected by reflectance high energy electron diffraction (RHEED). From comparison of surface crystallographic properties of TlTiOPO 4 and KTiOPO 4, the most typical superstructure indices have been revealed.

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