Assessment of roundedness deviation in cylindrical parts at orbital smoothing

The investigation results of orbital smoothing basic parameter impact upon deviations from roundness in strengthened cylindrical surfaces are shown. It is defined that after orbital smoothing a deviation from roundness decreases by two to three times, which has a positive impact upon shape precision increase in strengthened parts.

Impact of fabric parameters and properties on a 2D cutting and stitching line.

The paper presents the influence of fabric parameters and properties on the circle shape precision confectioning in the 2D plane. The properties of textiles affect the fit of the entire product, which is often subject to the subjective assessment of a technologist. In the case of cutting lines made in the two-dimensional area, it seems that there should be no problem with its implementation. Unfortunately, in the clothing, furniture, and automotive industries there are difficulties in combining the same and different textile and non-textile materials (leather). There is no objective method of predicting the precision of circle cutting shape, for different types and properties of fabrics. The work analyzes the shape of a circle cutting and stitching line in a two-dimensional area, taking into account selected properties of textiles (surface weight, elongation, relative bending stiffness). It turns out that the different properties of textiles cause, to a greater or lesser extent, the accuracy of a given circle shape. The fabric with the three-component composition of raw materials and the highest surface mass, as well as the smallest stiffness and high elongation obtained the highest precision of the circle shape reproduction. The least precision, i.e. the ability to maintain a given circle shape, was obtained in viscose fabric with low surface mass, high stiffness, and the highest relative elongation. Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between shape and surface mass and the number of warp threads.

Poor Shape Precision of Rotational Bodies

This article discusses the issues of improvement of estimation of shape defects of cylindrical parts in transversal cross section. Texture constituents of shape defects are estimated using Fourier analysis. It has been demonstrated that single constituents can be analyzed by Fourier transformation together with filtration of error of locating. Using the developed software, a contactless design is proposed for measurements and analysis of the aforementioned parameters.

A process for shaping high-precision optical components for ground- and space-based electrooptic systems

The paper reviews advanced process for manufacturing high-precision optical components used in space-based electrooptic systems for scientific research and Earth remote sensing. It presents an integrated process for automatic shaping (TESAF) of aspheric surfaces, including off-axis surfaces, of optical elements for electrooptic systems. This paper discusses various methods for shaping optical parts with virtually any degree of asphericity and various values of the off-axis parameter (off-axis aspherics) achieving surface shape precision to within λ/60…λ/80 (λ = 0.6328 micron) by the standard deviation criteria. The paper also presents the newly developed off-axis collimators, designed to shape a reference wavefront within a broad spectral range from ultraviolet to infrared radiation. In particular, a mirror collimator with an adaptive off-axis mirror that is capable of changing the wavefront that is being formed in order to obtain the response function of the electrooptical system under study. Optical systems built using the TESAF process are already successfully used. Key words: surface shaping, aspheric surface, surface interferogram, standard deviation.