Personnel security of the “new industrialization”: the demanded qualities of the production manager in the next thirty years and an effective mechanism for ensuring them

The article presents the results of the author’s research on the relevant topic of “new industrialization” for the country, which is the most important direction in the formation of the advanced economic development of Russia. Based on the author’s forecasting method “Phase calculation of solving strategic tasks of human resources management in Russia”, the demanded qualities of the production manager in the next thirty years are identified and determined. The industrial and educational cluster is defined as a mechanism for staffing the “new industrialization”, the author’s description of the industrial and educational cluster is given on the example of the Tver region. The main distinguishing feature of an effective industrial and educational cluster is the presence in its structure of the institute of cooperation as a connecting non-profit link of all the actors of the cluster and in the person of scientific and expert non-profit organizations serving both to counter threats of the predominance of formalism and opportunistic narrow corporate interests, and to eliminate conflicts of interest in the interaction of state and commercial structures.

Gamma Precorrection and Phase Error Compensation Methods Based on Three-Frequency with Three-Phase Shift

Digital fringe projection measurement technology has been widely used in computer vision and optical three-dimensional (3D) measurement. Considering the phase error caused by the gamma distortion and nonlinear error, the active gamma precorrection and phase error compensation methods based on the three-frequency with three-phase shifts are designed to reversely solve the initial phase and accurately compensate phase error. On the one hand, the gamma coefficient of the measurement system depends on precoding two groups of fringe sequences with different gamma coefficients to calculate the corresponded proportional coefficient of harmonic component. On the other hand, the phase error compensation method is designed to compensate the phase error and improve the accuracy and speed of phase calculation after gamma correction. Experiments show that the proposed precalibration gamma coefficient method can effectively reduce the sinusoidal error in nearly 80 percent which only needs fewer fringe patterns. Compared with the traditional three-frequency with four-phase shift method, the proposed method not only has higher phase accuracy and better noise resistance but also has good robustness and flexibility, which is not limited to the gamma distortion model.

An Integrated Horizon Picking Method for Obtaining the Main and Detailed Reflectors on Sub-bottom Profiler Sonar Image

A sub-bottom profiler (SBP) can capture the sediment interfaces and properties of different types of sediment. Horizon picking from SBP images is one of the most crucial steps in marine sub-bottom sediment interpretation. However, traditional horizon picking methods are good at obtaining the main horizons representing the main reflectors while ignoring the detailed horizons. While detailed horizons are the prime objective, many tiny structures caused by interference echoes will also be picked. To overcome this limitation, an integrated horizon picking method for obtaining the main and detailed horizons simultaneously is proposed in this paper. A total of three main process steps: the diffusion filtering method, the enhancement filtering method as well as the local phase calculation method, are used to help obtain the main and detailed horizons. The diffusion filtering method smooths the SBP images and preserves reflectors. Enhancement filtering can eliminate outliers and enhance reflectors. The local phase can be used to highlight all of the reflections and help in the choosing of detailed horizons. A series of experiments were then performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and good performances were achieved.

Numerical Study on Particles Deposition in the U-bend Ribbed Passage

The accumulation of particles in the internal cooling channel reduces the cooling effectiveness of the turbine blades and even affects the safe operation of the aero engine. Discrete phase-CFD simulations of particles deposition were performed in the U-bend ribbed passage by applying Euler–Lagrange method. Reynolds Average Navier–Stokes method was used for the gas phase calculation. The realizable k–ε turbulence model and enhanced wall treatment were adopted. The discrete phase was solved by using Lagrangian with random walk model. A particle deposition model was implemented by using user-defined functions. The Reynolds numbers of 30,000, 23,000, and 15,500 were studied. Particles diameters in the range 1–20 μm were considered. The particles deposition distribution of different locations is obtained in this study, and the influence of the Reynolds numbers and particle diameters on particles deposition performance are analyzed. Results show that the first row of ribs has a protective effect on the back row of ribs. The increased Reynolds number and increased particles diameter promote the deposition of particles on the wall.

Adaptive Fringe Projection for 3D Shape Measurement with Large Reflectivity Variations by Using Image Fusion and Predicted Search

There is always a great challenge for the structured light technique that it is difficult to deal with the surface with large reflectivity variations or specular reflection. This paper proposes a flexible and adaptive digital fringe projection method based on image fusion and interpolated prediction search algorithm. The multiple mask images are fused to obtain the required saturation threshold, and the interpolated prediction search algorithm is used to calculate the optimal projection gray-level intensity. Then, the projection intensity is reduced to achieve coordinate matching in the unsaturated condition, and the adaptive digital fringes with the optimal projection intensity are subsequently projected for phase calculation by using the heterodyne multifrequency phase-shifted method. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for measuring the high-reflective surface and unwrapping the phase in the local overexposure region completely. Compared with the traditional structured light measurement methods, our method can decrease the number of projected and captured images with higher modulation and better contrast. In addition, the measurement process only needs two prior steps and avoids hardware complexity, which is more convenient to apply to the industry.

Processes of metastable-mineral formation in oxidation zones and mine waste

Oxidation zones and mine wastes are metal-rich, near-surface environments, natural and man-made critical zones of ore deposits, respectively. They contain a number of minerals which, despite their metastability, occur consistently and in abundance. Field studies, presented as examples in this work, show that metastable minerals form not only directly from aqueous solutions, but also from more complex precursors, such as nanoparticles, gels, X-ray amorphous solids, or clusters. Initial precipitation of metastable phases and their conversion to stable phases is described by the Ostwald's step rule. Thermodynamic data show that there is a tendency, but no rule, that structurally more complex phases are also thermodynamically more stable. The Ostwald's step rule could then state that the initial metastable phases are structurally simple and easily assembled from aqueous solutions, nanoparticles, gels, disordered solids, or clusters. The structural similarity of the precursor and the forming phase is a kinetic factor favouring the crystallisation of the new phase. Calculation of saturation indices for mine drainage solutions show that they are mostly supersaturated with respect to the stable phases and the aqueous concentrations are sufficient to precipitate metastable minerals. In our fieldwork, we often encounter gelatinous substances with copper, manganese or tungsten that slowly convert to metastable oxysalt minerals. Another possibility is the crystallisation of various metastable minerals from solid, homogeneous ‘resins’ that are X-ray amorphous. Minerals typical for near-surface environments may be stabilised by their surface energy at high specific surface areas. For example, ferrihydrite is often described as a metastable phase but can be shown to be stable with respect to nanosised hematite.

Unification of the development of information models of buildings at the demolition stage

The study aims to develop standardized BIM methods for buildings that are part of the Moscow city renovation program. This problem is extremely urgent, since there are no digitized sources of typical projects of the last century, and this complicates the process of calculating the generation of construction and demolition waste and casts doubt on its accuracy. At the stage of high quality and timely dismantling phase (calculation of the weight of construction and demolition waste, scheduling of work and transportation of waste), this process can be automated using information modeling software – Autodesk Revit 2019. This will complement the existing information model by including in it one of the final stages of the building’s life cycle – dismantling, which in transparency, accessibility and completeness will not be inferior to the blocks of design, examination, construction and operation. On the basis of albums of typical building projects, you can get a lot of information to create the necessary project families and specifications, which will greatly simplify and speed up the process of developing building demolition projects in the future, since with each new project libraries of elements, materials, families will be supplemented. The article presents the process of developing a project template for the phase of the dismantling of buildings. A new project parameter has been created, assigned to each material of the project template, the necessary parametric and design characteristics have been assigned for further calculations based on the simulated building design, a design specification has been developed, on the basis of which data on the weight of construction and demolition waste can be quickly obtained, relevant checks carried out for different types of developed and basic project families.