Usage of Two-Sided Motors as a Part of the Simultaneous Separate Operation Technology

The technology of simultaneous, separate operation is a mandatory condition within the framework of Russian legislation for the production of oil and gas from multilayer reservoirs, which implies a share of a load of several pumps on different reservoirs. To reduce high additional equipment costs and metal consumption of the well, an assembly of two ESPs with one engine was developed. More than forty Russian wells were supplied with double ESP system motors. The project implementation enabled using separate simultaneous operations with more wells and developing reservoirs more accurately. It became possible to develop each reservoir by employing separated data from gauges connected to two reservoirs. The use of two side motors allows using such complicated technologies as separate simultaneous operations for even small and previously not economically achievable reservoirs. According to well inflow calculations, using the most suitable pump, the correct amount of liquid from each reservoir has been produced during these operations.

Removal of fibroadenoma of the breast augmentation and breast implants. Analysis of the possibility of simultaneous and delayed execution of these operations

Introduction. Fibroadenomas (FA) are the most common benign breast neoplasms that are diagnosed in 25% of women. Dissatisfaction with the size of the breast and the desire to increase it occurs in 40%. For this reason, in the practice of a plastic surgeon, there are cases when the patient wants to remove fibroadenomas (FA) and increase the size of the breast. In this situation, there are two options for managing the patient- the simultaneous execution of two operations and the delayed one.Aim. To evaluate the possibility of simultaneous FA removal and augmentation mammoplasty, to analyze possible complications and methods of their correction.Materials and methods. We have analyzed the experience of simultaneous interventions of FA removal and augmentation mammoplasty on the example of 10 cases performed in the period from 2014-2019, as well as FA removal after implant placement-3 cases.Results. Performing a simultaneous operation has advantages due to the minimization of injuries (the ability to perform from a single access - submammary or periareolar), reducing psychological stress and better cosmetic effect. Two patients had postoperative complications in the form of capsular contracture, manifested in the asymmetry of the mammary glands, corrected by performing capsulotomy and forming a new submammary fold. When performing invasive diagnostic tests and surgical intervention in three patients after endoprosthesis augmentation mammoplasty, extreme caution was required due to the risk of violating the integrity of the implant. It was found that the incision of the posterior leaf of the MJ capsule with a large number of removed neoplasms in the postoperative period leads to the development of breast asymmetry. The fact of FA recurrence was also confirmed (2 patients), who subsequently underwent repeated surgical intervention.Conclusion. Performing simultaneous operations for benign breast tumors can be surely practiced by plastic surgeons, including as one of the options for simultaneous treatment of breast FA and augmentation mammoplasty. The occurrence of FA in the long-term period after breast augmentation surgery is associated with difficulties in diagnostics (mammography and fine needle aspiration biopsy under the control of ultrasound), as well as in the course of surgery itself, due to the presence of the implant and the risk of violation of its integrity.

The Possibilities of Simultaneous Operation (SIMOPs) and Practicality of Positive Pressure Habitat in a Hazardous Industry: Where Process Safety Meets Occupational Hygiene

High risk industrial facilities require operational shutdowns to undertake maintenance activities when the interaction between maintenance activities and facility processes are potentially explosive. This study presents a model that circumvents this interaction thereby enabling simultaneous operations flammable hydrocarbon facility while hot work progresses. A mixed study in which qualitative data on Simultaneous Operation (SIMOPs) of a hydrocarbon facility, hot work and deployment of Positive Pressure Habitat were generated through a walk-through survey. Quantitative data on the exposures within and around the hot work activities were generated using air quality monitor to measure the concentration of welding particulates, portable ozone meter used to measure the ozone level, sound level meter to measure ambient noise level, personal noise dosimeter to measure personal noise level, Multi-gas Meter. While concentrations of chemical parameter, temperature, relative humidity, habitat pressure were not in exceedance of exposure limits; the average noise level and particulate matter (PM) 2.5 within the habitat were 87 – dB(A) and 65 µg/m3 respectively. The exceedances in noise and PM2.5 level was mitigated using hearing protection, respirator and local exhaust ventilation (LEV). A simultaneous operation involving live hydrocarbon facility and hot works was achieved using the Positive Pressure Habitat (PPH) as a buffer between flammable work environment and thermal energy emitted from hot work activities. Chemical pollutants were introduced by maintenance activities within the habitat but was however mitigated through occupational hygiene measures. This study validates the possibility of simultaneous operation in the event of two mutually explosive scenarios with the aid of process safety equipment’s and occupational hygiene measurements and control measures. Globally, downtimes in high risk industries occasioned by maintenance activities could be prevented by deploying process safety and occupational hygiene control strategies concurrently.

Schedule Optimization To Accelerate Offshore Oil Projects While Maximizing Net Present Value in the Presence of Simultaneous Operations, Weather Delays, and Resource Limitations

Summary Cost and schedule overruns are endemic problems for offshore oil projects. This can be partly attributed to weather delays, resource limitations, and scheduling risks. The problem is further compounded because of the large number of interdependent activities, such as drilling and platform installation, typically involved in the buildup period of oilfield development. As a result, there is a pressing need to find robust project planning and scheduling models that consider these interacting components and associated risks in offshore oil projects. This study considers three techniques to optimize offshore oil project schedules while accounting for the impact of numerous field activities and potential delay factors; these are mixed-integer linear programming (MILP), single-objective genetic algorithms (SOGAs), and nondominated sorting genetic algorithms (NSGA-II). The study compares the performance of each using a model that integrates field planning with scheduling while accounting for weather delays, resource limitations, and simultaneous operations (SIMOPS; i.e., the ability to conduct more than one activity at once). The first two techniques (MILP and SOGA) optimize the oilfield schedule based on a single objective, which is to maximize net present value (NPV) or minimize project time. However, the maximum NPV schedule may result in a longer project time, whereas the shortest project time may result in a lower NPV. Therefore, the third method using NSGA-II finds Pareto-optimal schedules that balance these competing objectives. Four case studies are provided to compare the MILP and SOGA approaches with the suggested multiobjective NSGA-II.

Optimization Of Tactical And Technical Aspects Of Surgery Of Abdominal Hernia And Combined Pathology Of The Abdominal Cavity Organs

The results of surgical treatment of 197 patients with ventral hernias were analyzed, while 104 (52.8%) patients underwent simultaneous operations to correct the surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity organs and the anterior abdominal wall. In 20.1% of patients, the simultaneous stage of the operation was performed using a separate minilaparotomic approach. Tension alloplasty methods were performed in 48.2%, non-tension methods - in 51.8%, while 26.4% of patients underwent dermatolipidectomy. The study of the level of stress hormones during simultaneous operations on the abdominal cavity and abdominal wall organs in patients with ventral hernia showed that the degree of surgical aggression in most cases was influenced by the "tension" method of plasty of the anterior abdominal wall and the duration of the operation. Performing the stage of the operation to correct the pathology of the abdominal organs did not significantly affect the level of stress hormones.

Simultaneous surgical operations and hernia repair

The growing spread of combined pathology, especially among the elderly and geriatric population, requires updating of approaches to diagnosis and treatment. In particular, surgical practice has encountered high incidences of combined diseases, requiring operative treatment, in patients with variously localized hernias. In such cases the standard common approach is to treat in stages gradually eliminating certain diseases. But so far, there has been evidence of effective concurrent treatment of combined surgical pathology by conducting simultaneous operations. This review presents the studies of the direct results of simultaneous operations during variously localized hernia plastic repair in combination with other abdominal surgical pathology.