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Chemosensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Anastasia Goida ◽  
Yurii Kuzin ◽  
Vladimir Evtugyn ◽  
Anna Porfireva ◽  
Gennady Evtugyn ◽  
...  

A highly sensitive electrochemical DNA sensor for detection of the chemotherapeutic drug idarubicin mediated by Methylene blue (MB) has been developed. DNA from fish sperm has been immobilized at the electropolymerized layers of Azure B. The incorporation of MB into the DNA layers substantially increased the sensor sensitivity. The concentration range for idarubicin determination by cyclic voltammetry was from 1 fM to 0.1 nM, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.3 fM. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the presence of a redox probe ([Fe(CN)6]3−/4−) allowed for the widening of a linear range of idarubicin detection from 1 fM to 100 nM, retaining LOD 0.3 fM. The DNA sensor has been tested in various real and artificial biological fluids with good recovery ranging between 90–110%. The sensor has been successfully used for impedimetric idarubicin detection in medical preparation Zavedos®. The developed DNA biosensor could be useful for the control of the level of idarubicin during cancer therapy as well as for pharmacokinetics studies.


Author(s):  
Kartini Eriani ◽  
Mustaqim Mustaqim ◽  
Iwan Hasri ◽  
R. Amalia ◽  
Al Azhar ◽  
...  

Background: Sperm cells are susceptible to oxidative stress during cryopreservation. Therefore, an antioxidant is necessary to protect them from damages. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is one of potent antioxidants for fish sperm cryopreservation. Hence, the aims of this study are to examine the effect of FBS on sperm quality after a short period and to determine its optimum concentration on depik (Rasbora tawarensis). Methods: Depik fish were obtained from the Fish hatchery of Lukup Badak, Aceh Tengah District, Indonesia. Sperms collected from the fish were diluted in Ringer extenders containing FBS concentration of 10% (P1), 20% (P2), 30% (P3), 40% (P4), 50% (P5) and 60% (P6), filled into 2 ml cryotubes and equilibrated prior immersed into liquid nitrogen for 15 days. The parameters observed were sperm motility, consistency, pH, fertilization and hatching rates and DNA fragmentation post-thawing. Result: The ANOVA test indicates that the application of FBS in Ringer had a significant effect on sperm motility, fertilization and hatching rates (P less than 0.05). The highest motility (58.33%) was recorded at FBS 60% and significantly different from those at other concentrations. The laddering analysis showed that applying FBS protected the integrity of depik sperms DNA. It is concluded that the optimum concentration of FBS on depik sperm led to a short-term cryopreservation of 60%.


Cryobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Danilo Streit ◽  
Rômulo Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Carina Vasconcelos ◽  
Eduardo Sanches ◽  
Jayme Povh ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Syrovatka ◽  
◽  
I Hrytsyniak ◽  
D Syrovatka ◽  
I Yaremchuk ◽  
...  

In the research there have been used males of the Nyvka intra-breed type of the Ukrainian scaly carp breed, which were kept during the pre-spawning period in the pond conditions of the State Enterprise “Experimental fish farm Nyvka” within the Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (IFNAASU). The carps were divided into 3 groups. The first group (Experiment I) was fed 100 % naked oats, the second (Experiment II) – 30 %, the control group of fish (Control) was fed a grain mixture. The quality of sexual products of male carp was assessed by determining the effect of adding naked oats to their diet during the pre-spawning period. Indicators of sperm motility and fertilizing ability, content of γ-, β- and α-globulins, albumin, prealbumin, and physiological characteristics of ejaculates of respiratory and regenerative capacity, activity of enzymes of respiratory chain of mitochondria (CHO and SDG) were studied. Given the increased productivity of fish sperm, in particular the increase in the number of sperm with rectilinear motion, decrease in the number of inanimate sperm and changes in the protein formula of germ cells, it is advisable to add naked oats to the main diet in the amount of 30 %.


Author(s):  
Fabio Herrera ◽  
Olga Bondarenko ◽  
Sergii Boryshpolets
Keyword(s):  

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Francisca Félix ◽  
Catarina C. V. Oliveira ◽  
Elsa Cabrita

In recent years, the effects of novel antioxidants have played an important role in the research focusing on fish cell protection. As food demand grows, aquaculture production becomes more intensive, and fish are more exposed to oxidative stress conditions, like high densities, temperature shifting, frequent fish handling and samplings, and prophylactic or disease treatments, which expose fish to a different environment. Particularly in reproduction, germ cells lose antioxidant capacity with spermatogenesis, as spermatozoa are more prone to oxidative stress. Antioxidants have been used in a variety of fish physiological problems including in reproduction and in the establishment of cryopreservation protocols. From the most used antioxidants to natural plant food and herbs, and endogenously produced antioxidants, like melatonin, a review of the literature available in terms of their effects on the protection of fish spermatozoa is presented here in a classified structure. Several direct and indirect approaches to improve gamete quality using antioxidants administration are mentioned (through feed supplementation or by adding in cryopreservation media), as well as factors affecting the efficiency of these molecules and their mechanisms of action. Special attention is given to the unclear melatonin pathway and its potential scavenger activity to prevent and counteract oxidative stress damage on fish spermatozoa.


Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1259
Author(s):  
Huiying Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Lingling Zhou ◽  
Shaohua Xu ◽  
Cheng Ye ◽  
...  

In fish, sperm motility activation is one of the most essential procedures for fertilization. Previous studies have mainly focused on the external environmental effects and intracellular signals in sperm activation; however, little is known about the metabolic process of sperm motility activation in fish. In the present study, using ricefield eel (Monopterus albus) sperm as a model, metabonomics was used to analyze the metabolic mechanism of the sperm motility activation in fish. Firstly, 529 metabolites were identified in the sperm of ricefield eel, which were clustered into the organic acids, amino acids, nucleotides, benzene, and carbohydrates, respectively. Among them, the most abundant metabolites in sperm were L-phenylalanine, DL-leucine, L-leucine, lysolecithin choline 18:0, L-tryptophan, adenine, hypoxanthine, 7-Methylguanine, shikimic acid, and L-tyrosine. Secondly, compared to pre-activated sperm, the level of S-sulfo-L-cysteine and L-asparagine were both increased in the post-activated sperm. Ninety-two metabolites were decreased in the post-activated sperm, including quinic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, 7,8-dihydro L-biopterin, citric acid, glycylphenylalanine, and dihydrotachysterol (DHT). Finally, basing on the pathway analysis, we found that the changed metabolites in sperm motility activation were mainly clustered into energy metabolism and anti-oxidative stress. Fish sperm motility activation would be accompanied by the release of a large amount of energy, which might damage the genetic material of sperm. Thus, the anti-oxidative stress function is a critical process to maintain the normal physiological function of sperm.


Author(s):  
Li Ma ◽  
Mandy Ng ◽  
Janet Shi ◽  
Aniket V. Gore ◽  
Daniel Castranova ◽  
...  

SummaryVertebrates show conserved left-right (L-R) asymmetry of internal organs controlled by Nodal-Pitx2/Lefty signaling [1-3]. Modifications in L-R asymmetry occur in mutants [4] and rarely in humans [5], but little is known about natural L-R changes during evolution. Here we describe changes in L-R asymmetry in Astyanax mexicanus, a teleost with ancestral surface (surface fish) and derived cave (cavefish) morphs [6]. In teleosts, Nodal-Pitx2 signaling is activated in the left lateral plate mesoderm (LPM), the cardiac tube jogs to the left and loops to the right (D-looping), and the liver and pancreas form on opposite sides of the midline. Surface fish show conventional L-R patterning, but cavefish can show Nodal-Pitx2 expression in the right LPM or bilaterally, left (L)-looping hearts, and reversed liver and pancreas asymmetry, and these reversals have no effect on survival. The Lefty1 Nodal antagonist is expressed along the surface fish and cavefish midlines, but expression of the Lefty2 antagonist is absent in the LPM of most cavefish embryos, suggesting a role for lefty2 (lft2) in changing organ asymmetry. Although CRISPR-Cas9 lft2 editing affected D-looping in surface fish, the cavefish lft2 gene showed no coding mutations, and was expressed normally during cavefish gastrulation, suggesting downregulation by regulatory changes. Reciprocal hybridization, the fertilization of cavefish eggs with surface fish sperm and vice versa, indicated that the change in cavefish L-R asymmetry is a maternal genetic effect. Our studies reveal natural changes in internal organ asymmetry during evolution and introduce A. mexicanus as a new model to study the underlying mechanisms.


2020 ◽  
pp. 153-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Billard ◽  
M. P. Cosson
Keyword(s):  

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