In Search of Inspiration: External Mobility and the Emergence of Technology Intrapreneurs

Recent scholarship has established several ways in which external hiring—versus filling a role with a comparable internal candidate—is detrimental to firms. Yet, organizational learning theory suggests that external hires benefit firms: by importing knowledge that is unavailable or obscured to insiders and applying it toward experimentation and risky recombination. Accordingly and consistent with studies of learning by hiring and innovation, we predict that external hires are at greater risk of intrapreneurship than internal hires. We test this prediction via a study of product managers in large technology companies. We use machine learning to operationalize intrapreneurship by comparing product manager job descriptions with the founding statements of venture-backed technology entrepreneurs. Our research design employs coarsened exact matching to balance pretreatment covariates between product managers who arrived at their roles internally versus externally. The results of our analysis indicate that externally hired product managers are substantially more intrapreneurial than observably equivalent internal hires. However, we also find that intrapreneurial product managers have a higher turnover rate, an effect that is primarily driven by external hires. This suggests that hiring for intrapreneurship may be a difficult strategy to sustain.

Participant and Strategy Selection of Health QR Code Product Experience Design during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: The Information Security Perspective

Health QR code is an Internet product designed and developed by China to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to build a public health and epidemic prevention barrier, the Chinese government’s health QR code product is a useful attempt to deal with epidemic prevention and control and social governance in the way of “Internet plus big data”. In the process of health QR code product design and development, we conduct a security analysis of information data and employ project management, product design, development and testing, online, and operational product experience design methods. User requirements and product definitions for the health QR code include management, design, development, and testing. The main participants of health QR code product experience design are divided into product manager, design and development team, and users. The relationships among the product manager, the design and development team, and users are established using the evolutionary game method. It is found that the cost of information security has an important influence on the choice of the user policy. Product managers, driven by benefits and values, may ignore the importance of information security when choosing the strategy for health QR code products, which will affect users' enthusiasm to use them to some extent and limit their use scenarios and application scope. Therefore, in order to achieve healthy user interaction and sustainable experience design of health QR code products, it is necessary to strengthen data security protection and reduce the cost of information interaction and sharing. Furthermore, on the basis of enhancing user viscosity and improving the usability of health QR code products, our research results show the further need for demand mining and version upgrading of health QR code products.

ZealVita: winning marketing formula

Research methodology The case is written based on general experience. Case overview/synopsis Zealvita is a challenger brand to NutriMalt in the white malted food drink (MFD) category. It has a product formula that compares favorably on taste and equally on nutrition. However, Zealvita is not able to translate the power product formula to a winning market formula. Drawing on its legacy and strong adoption route, NutriMalt built a dominant 88% market share in the White MFD category. The market rule of “disproportionate market share for the leading brand” applies with inexorable force in MFD. Smarting at the low market share, Zealvita is in search of a marketing strategy to create churn. Rajiv Product Manager of Zealvita believes that consumer sales promotion of a higher order and at a higher frequency than what is normal can tilt the scales. From Zealvita’s perspective is there a strategic advantage in operating consumer promotion? Is it safe to assume that NutriMalt will not retaliate with consumer promotion? Can consumer sales promotion be sustained at planned frequency? What is the logic in a continuous consumer promotion program? Complexity academic level This case can be used at the post-graduate level in the Marketing Strategy course or in a course that has a sales promotion management or competition management segment. This case is also appropriate for use in executive education programs. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email [email protected] to request teaching notes.

Internal workforce, symbolism and licensed products: 17th Asian Games

Learning outcomes The questions raised in the case study could escort a classroom or online discussion for understanding licensed product consumption motives among the internal workforce. Case overview/synopsis Despite the Asiad (an abbreviation of Asian Games) being organized in the most populous continent, its financial profitability is minimal compared with the summer Olympic Games and other major sporting events. Thereby, Asiad board members are seeking to understand how they can target the right segment via licensed products. This will ultimately increase licensed product sales. On July 1, 2017, a board meeting was held in which the licensing product manager, Young Lee, proposed to target the internal workforce via licensed products based on 17th Asiad’s data and previous literature. Lee analyzed the attributes of licensed products sold at 17th Asiad and its psychological connection with the internal workforce. Hence, the purpose of this case study was to decipher the internal workforce feasibility as the right segment to target via licensed products for Asiad's management. The case study’s primary data was collected via IB worldwide (now Galaxia SM CO, Ltd), one of the leading sport marketing organizations in South Korea. The IB worldwide (now Galaxia SM CO, Ltd) signed an exclusive product license agreement with the Incheon Asian Games Organizing Committee jointly and individually with the Olympic Council of Asia to produce licensed products (e.g. Mascot dolls). This realistic case study should be understood through the lens of symbolic interactionism. Finally, this study is important to consider because the internal workforce licensed products consumption has gained little attention in sports marketing literature. Complexity Academic Level The case can be taught in marketing research and consumer behavior courses. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Lifi technology in future benefits in several sectors

Whether you are the usage of wireless net in an espresso shop, stealing it from the man subsequent door, or competing for bandwidth at a conference, you have probable gotten pissed off at the gradual speeds you face when extra than one system is tapped into the network. But radio waves are clearly one section of the spectrum that can raise our data. What if we can also wish to use exclusive waves to surf the internet? One German physicist. Harald Haas, has come up with a reply he calls “Data Through Illumination”—taking the fiber out of fiber optics with the resource of potential of sending records thru an LED moderate bulb that varies in intensity faster than the human eye can follow. And safety would be a snap—if you can’t see the light, you can’t get entry to the data. Li-Fi is a VLC, considered slight communication, technological perception developed by way of using a crew of scientists collectively with Dr Gordon Povey, Prof. Harald Haas and Dr Mostafa Afgani at the University of Edinburgh. The time size Li-Fi used to be coined via skill of the use of Prof. Haas when he amazed humans by means of potential of means of streaming high- definition video from a modern-day LED lamp, at TED Global in July 2011. Unseen with the resource of practicable of the human eye, this variant is used to elevate high-speed data,” says Dr Povey, Product Manager of the University of Edinburgh's Li-Fi Program ‘D-Light Project’.

Why projects go wrong

Purpose Reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoints practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings What is risk? Within an organization, risk itself can pose a number of challenges if it is not understood or defined consistently. For example, a typical risk might be disruptors entering the main market a firm operates in. For an owner, they may dismiss the risk as they do not see the disruptor as a direct rival due to their different approach. For a sales director, they may see the risk as real but remote until data tells them otherwise. For a product manager, they may see the risk as potentially disastrous unless they pivot in some way to mitigate the threat it poses. Unless there is a hymn sheet people can all sing from, there is a very real “risk” that a lack of joined up thinking can lead to a very muddled response to the disruptive threat and a distinct lack of strategic direction. Practical implications Provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Original/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Uber: Applying Machine Learning to Improve the Customer Pickup Experience

Uber had pioneered the growth and delivery of modern ridesharing services by leveraging the explosive growth of technology, GPS navigation, and smartphones. Ridesharing services had expanded across the world, growing rapidly in the United States, China, India, Europe, and Southeast Asia. Even as these services expanded and gained popularity, however, the pickup experience for drivers and riders did not always meet the expectations of either party. Pickups were complicated by traffic congestion, faulty GPS signals, and crowded pickup venues. Flawed pickups resulted in rider dissatisfaction and in lost revenues for drivers. Uber had identified the pickup experience as a top strategic priority, and a team at Uber, led by group product manager Birju Shah, was tasked with designing an automated solution to improve the pickup experience. This involved three steps. First, the team needed to analyze the pickup experience for various rider personas to identify problems at different stages in the pickup process. Next, it needed to create a model for predicting the best rider location for a pickup. The team also needed to develop a quantitative metric that would determine the quality of the pickup experience. These models and metrics would be used as inputs for a machine learning.