EDUCATION AND ITS ROLE IN THE MORAL AND COGNITIVE CHANGE OF YOUNG PEOPLE

The educational institution today is one of the most important institutions that works to achieve and disseminate knowledge values among its members, and since the educational institution is at the same time a social institution, it reflects the goals, principles, values, behaviors and knowledge of that society to which it belongs through a set of concepts and values associated with each other to lead Its role is to immunize members of society in general and the youth group in particular against the fierce attack that young people are exposed to, threatening their Arab identity, social fabric and national affiliation to lead them to change the style and style of their culture and their knowledge and societal values. What the world is witnessing today in terms of rapid events and changes represented by the moral and cognitive change that surrounded many aspects of the lives of young people, as a result of the great cultural openness and the intellectual invasion of various modern technological means whose impact has become vast on generations, especially the youth among them, as young people have become chanting phrases, concepts and behaviors that are not complete in our society. The matter went beyond defending these misconceptions, which necessitated the solidarity of all members of society, especially education and all its institutions, to restore the lost balance and defend our lofty values. The Iraqi society was characterized by preserving the system of values, customs, knowledge and general principles until 2003 as it was a closed society and after that year and the rapid changes and transformations it was subjected to following its sudden and unprecedented contact with the outside world, in addition to the rapid deterioration in the economic and political conditions and the security chaos are all factors They gathered to lead individuals in general and youth in particular to excessive use of modern technological means and an attempt to imitate and copy everything they saw without taking into account the values and knowledge of our society. The study was prepared according to three sections. In the first section, we dealt with the subject of the study, its importance and objectives, with a statement of the most important concepts and terms contained therein‎.

Representation and participation across 20 years of plant genome sequencing

The field of plant genome sequencing has grown rapidly in the past 20 years, leading to increases in the quantity and quality of publicly available genomic resources. The growing wealth of genomic data from an increasingly diverse set of taxa provides unprecedented potential to better understand the genome biology and evolution of land plants. Here we provide a contemporary view of land plant genomics, including analyses on assembly quality, taxonomic distribution of sequenced species and national participation. We show that assembly quality has increased dramatically in recent years, that substantial taxonomic gaps exist and that the field has been dominated by affluent nations in the Global North and China, despite a wide geographic distribution of study species. We identify numerous disconnects between the native range of focal species and the national affiliation of the researchers studying them, which we argue are rooted in colonialism—both past and present. Luckily, falling sequencing costs, widening availability of analytical tools and an increasingly connected scientific community provide key opportunities to improve existing assemblies, fill sampling gaps and empower a more global plant genomics community.

EXPRESS: Global Trends in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension Clinical Trials and Dissemination of Results

Treatment options for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) are rapidly expanding. The purpose of this study is to identify trends in CTEPH clinical trials and the publication of results. We performed a worldwide review of completed and ongoing clinical trials through searching the ClinicalTrials.gov database and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for “CTEPH” and related terms. Entries were classified as pharmaceutical/procedural interventions (Group 1), all other clinical trials (Group 2) and patient registries (Group 3). Trial characteristics and national affiliation were recorded. PubMed was searched for related publications. There were 117 clinical trials registry entries after removing duplicates and non-target records. Group 1 comprised 29 pharmaceutical, 15 procedural, and 4 combined interventions starting in 2005, 2010 and 2016, respectively. Riociguat and balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) were the most frequent pharmaceutical and procedural interventions, respectively. The proportion of procedural trials increased over time from 0% of those in 2005-2009, to 29% in 2010-2014 and 54% in 2015-2020. There were 56 entries in Group 2 and 13 in Group 3. Japan was the most frequent national affiliation and the most frequent participating country, present in 28% of all trials. The proportion of entries with published results was highest with Group 3 (62%) and lowest with Group 1 (27%). 30% of all publications occurred in 2020. In conclusion, CTEPH clinical trials are increasingly procedural based with growth largely attributable to Japan and BPA. Most trials have not published but results from BPA clinical trials are anticipated soon.

The Way Back Home: Self-Authorship, Home, and Intergenerational Bonds in Arabic YA Novels of Return

This article deals with award-winning Arabic YA novels The Bamboo Stalk by Saud Alsanousi, and Cappuccino by Fatima Sharafeddine, appropriating Marcia Baxter Magolda's term ‘self-authorship’ to trace the role of transnational migration in young adult cognitive growth. The novels twin maturity with increased ambiguity around national affiliation, and this article demonstrates how intergenerational bonds are challenged, rearranged, and maintained by the protagonists as they struggle for their personal rights within a patriarchal system.

Developing Paradigms, Patterns, and Mechanisms for Science Teachers’ Professional Development in Area-Based Networks in Thailand

The main purpose of this research was to develop a paradigm, pattern, and mechanism for the professional development of science teachers in area networks that was consistent with the needs of educational institutions according to the key priority agenda for development. The target groups used in this study were teacher production institutions and educational institutions in the northeastern region of Thailand. Research tools included data collection forms and questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed by standard statistical methods, including frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, priority need index (PNI), and content analysis. The results revealed that the paradigm, pattern, and mechanism for science teachers’ professional development found in the northeastern area–based networks of Thailand were individual-based development (ID), spiral patterns (SP), and multiple networks (MN). Individual-based development was a new paradigm of professional development that emphasized the driving force and quality from within by progressive and individualized programs using students’ outcome-based development. The spiral pattern was a professional development model emphasizing self-paced learning with diversity and an integrated model through blended, action-based learning, both on-the-job training and off-the-job training, using coaching and mentoring from the teacher production institution in the area. The multiple networks were a professional development mechanism cooperating and supported by a school, university, private sector, and local and national affiliation using school-based development. The way forward is to form a professional learning community using a cooperation network in a school which acts as a mechanism to drive policies for cooperative practice. Recommendations are offered as a result of this study. The results revealed that the paradigm, pattern, and mechanism for science teachers’ professional development found in the northeastern area–based networks of Thailand were individual-based development (ID), spiral patterns (PS), and multiple networks (MN). Individual-based development was a new paradigm of professional development that emphasized the driving force and quality from within by progressive and individualized programs using students’ outcome-based development. The spiral pattern was a professional development model emphasizing self-paced learning with diversity and an integrated model through blended, action-based learning, both on-the-job training and off-the-job training, using coaching and mentoring from the teacher production institution in the area. The multiple networks were a professional development mechanism cooperating and supported by a school, university, private sector, and local and national affiliation using school-based development.

Role of Community Protection Project in Strengthening Palestinian Home Front and Means for Activation

This study aimed to identify the assessment degree of a sample of media and security people regarding the role of the community protection project in Palestine, which is being implemented by the National Commission forStrengthening Values and Behaviors in the community, in relation to some variables (gender, work type and years of experience). The study also attempted to propose a set of recommendations that might contribute to activating the role of community protection. To achieve this, the descriptive analytical method was followed and a questionnaire of 31 items was used to collect data from a sample of 118 participants. The study findingsrevealed that the degree assessment of the role of community protection in supporting home front requirements was high at a relative weight of (81%).The first dimension (communication with the occupying forces) received the highest degree, whereas (building national affiliation) received the lowest degree. There were no statistically significant differences (<0.05) among theparticipants attributed to years of experience and gender. On the other hand, there were differences attributed to work type in favor of security people. The study stressed the need to support security organizations in their pursuit to raise security awareness by encouraging the culture of media and security climate that supports home front. It was also recommended that project activities should be well-planned and all requirements should be made available to make the project sustainable.

With Chibouk and Hookah: Coveted Escapes in Orient’s Fragrant Space

The penetration of tobacco into the Ottoman Empire was followed by a ban on its production and use in the seventeenth century. The lifting of the ban in 1688 led to the rapid spread of production and trade with tobacco products and made smoking widely popular in the Ottoman society. Although smoking was prevalent mainly among Muslims, the chibouk and the hookah became distinctive attributes and, for generations, an integral part of the cultural characteristics of sultan’s subjects, regardless of their religious or national affiliation. Whether it was consumed free or secretly due to penal laws, smoking became emblematic of the social and cultural representation of the Ottoman realm and, in a way, it was affiliated with a particular zone of comfort and tranquillity, an escape from all worries and problems of everyday life.

Lessons from 20 years of plant genome sequencing: an unprecedented resource in need of more diverse representation

The field of plant genomics has grown rapidly in the past 20 years, leading to dramatic increases in both the quantity and quality of publicly available genomic resources. With an ever-expanding wealth of genomic data from an increasingly diverse set of taxa, unprecedented potential exists to better understand the evolution and genome biology of plants. Here, we provide a contemporary view of plant genomics, including analyses on the quality of existing plant genome assemblies, the taxonomic distribution of sequenced species, and how national participation has influenced the fields development. We show that genome quality has increased dramatically in recent years, that substantial taxonomic gaps exist, and that the field has been dominated by affluent nations in the Global North, despite a wide geographic distribution of sequenced species. We identify multiple inconsistencies between the range of focal species and the national affiliation of the researchers studying the plants, which we argue are rooted in colonialism--both past and present. Falling sequencing costs paired with widening availability of analytical tools and an increasingly connected scientific community provide key opportunities to improve existing assemblies, fill sampling gaps, and, most importantly, empower a more global plant genomics community.

MCDM Application of the Third Vote

When choosing among alternatives, group members may have various preferences regarding the properties of a solution being sought. Since the properties partially do and partially do not meet their collective wishes, the alternatives are in fact better or worse representatives of the collective will. This idea is implemented in the so-called Third Vote election method aimed at enhancing policy representation, and we show how to use it for collective multi-criteria decision making. To be specific, we consider an example of a committee charged with naming a campus library when neither plurality vote nor Condorcet method nor Borda count gives a unique solution. The committee members have differing opinions, such as whether the library should reflect the national affiliation, be named after a great man, relate to sciences, and so forth. Balancing opinion on these issues, the proposed library names are evaluated and the optimal compromise is found.

Bosniaks and Bosnia: A Study in Philosophy of Politics

In the first part of this study, published in the first issue of the magazine Illuminatio/Svjetionik/Almanar, the author briefly outlined the basic elements of the philosophy of politics characteristic of the history of modern nations in which he analysed the relations of the individual, the people, the nation and the state. The second part of this study focuses on the attitude of Bosniaks towards collective memory, which, according to the author, was brought to the threshold of amnesia under the influence of the long-term political strategy of their neighbours. The author believes that the shaken collective memory represents the most neuralgic problem and the greatest danger for the historical reintegration and homogenization of Bosniaks as an ethnicity and a nation. The author emphasizes that “Bosnian” is a territorial determinant and completely excludes the national determinant “Bosniak”. Flirting with the phrase “Bosniaks/Bosnians”, which is often used, is not only a denouncement of the ethnic and national affiliation of Bosniaks, but further denies their uniqueness – and thus calls into question the very existence of Bosniaks. A Bosniak is born, a Bosniak remains. A "Bosnian" becomes, a "Bosnian" cease to be. A Bosniak living in Bosnia is also a "Bosnian". A "Bosnian" who is not a Bosniak does not become a Bosniak anywhere, not even in Bosnia. A Bosniak who does not live in Bosnia remains a Bosniak, but ceases to be a "Bosnian". The goal of substituting the historical name Bosniaks with the territorial designation "Bosnians" is obvious: Break the homogeneous core of Bosniaks by erasing awareness of their ethnic identity, name, national unity, common history, culture, language, in short – a common past, present and future. The study also recalls the difference between the modern understanding of the nation and the way in which this social phenomenon was interpreted until the middle of the 20th century. Behind the separation of the nation from the ethnicity/people, as the supposedly superior form, lies the effort to relativize the ethnicity/people, as an objective fact, to weaken the mutual ties of its members and to bring the entire population under the control of central political power – as a seemingly integrated and homogeneous whole.