A Modelling of the Effect of Biomotor Capabilities on the Special Ablitiy Test Course

The aim of this study is to evaluate some bio motor capabilities which are thought to have an effect on SpecialAbility Test Course (SATC) test scores applied as an entrance exam in the School of Physical Education and Sports(SPES). 70 participants who were successful in the SATC (51 male (181 ± 5.5 cm, 73.9 ± 9.8 kg) and 19 female (165± 5.6 cm, 54.7 ± 6.49 kg) were included in the study. The bio motor capability performances of the participants, suchas speed (10 m, 20 m, 30 m, 100 m sprint), agility (T-test, 505 agility test), and anaerobic power (Sargent verticaljump test) were measured two weeks after the SATC tests. The performances of the participants in the 2018 SATC ofthe Tekirdag Namik Kemal University SPES were used as the scores of the SATC. The mean of a difference test, acorrelation analysis, and a multiple linear regression analysis were used as the statistical method (p<0,05). Whilethere was a significant positive correlation between the SATC agility (r = 799 **) and speed (r = 895 **) scores,there was a negative correlation between SATC scores and anaerobic power output (r = -719 **). Statistical analysiswas performed by taking the gender factor into account in the linear regression estimation due to the significantdifference (p <0.05) between the SATC scores according to the gender variable. The bio motor capabilities of themale participants, which contributed the most to the SATC scores, were determined as 505 agility (Beta = 424) and30 m (Beta = 379) speed (SATC Male=-9.992 + (10.478 x 505 test) + (6.742 x 30 m). However, the bio motorcapabilities of the female participants did not contribute to the SATC scores.

Physiological Correlates of Cycling Performance in Amateur Mountain Bikers

Research background and hypothesis. Aerobic fitness of high-performance mountain bikers explains about 40% of variance in performance. This suggests that other factors such as anaerobic power and capacity as well as technical abilities need to be considered in the physiological assessment (Impellizzeri et al., 2005 a). We found a lot studies investigating track and road cyclists, but there are no studies concerning the relationship between physiological tests and cycling performance in Lithuanian mountain bikers. The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological correlates of cycling performance in amateur mountain bikers. Research methods. Fifteen Lithuanian mountain bikers participated in the study. The 10-second test was performed to estimate special alactic anaerobic power output, whereas ae 30-second Wingate test was performed to estimate composite alactic anaerobic glycolytic power output. For the evaluation of the aerobic capacity, a progressive incremental laboratory cycling test to exhaustion was performed. Research results. We found a significant negative correlation between cycling performance and alactic anaerobic relative peak power output (r = –0.534, p < 0.05) and lactate concentration after the progressive incremental cycling test to exhaustion (r = –0.625, p < 0.05). However, we did not find a significant correlation between cycling performance and VO 2 max (r = –0.024, p > 0.05) and composite alactic anaerobic glycolytic power output (r = –0.269, p > 0.05). Discussion and conclusions. Our findings suggest that alactic anaerobic power output and active glycolysis play a very important role in off-road cycling performance. This is essential because of the fast starting phase of the race and steep climbs.Keywords: mountain bike, cycling, performance, power output, maximal oxygen uptake.

Acute caffeine supplementation retards aerobic and lactic anaerobic performance decline following a simulated futsal protocol

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of caffeine supplementation on aerobic, lactic anaerobic and alactic anaerobic performances in male futsal plyers following a simulated futsal match.Methods: Twenty trained futsal players (age= 34.05±3.7 yr., weight=74.38±8.65 kg, height= 1.75± 4.3 cm, body fat%=20.82±5.6 and BMI=24.15±2.62 kg/m2) participated in this single group, placebo controlled and single blinded study. The participants conducted tow simulated futsal games with 1 week break between them after ingesting either caffeine (3mg/kg body mass) or placebo. The subjects consumed the same food 24 hr. before each protocol protocol. At the baseline and immediately after tow protocols, alactic anaerobic, lactic anaerobic, and aerobic performances were assessed using Sargent jump test, Running based anaerobic sprint (RAST) test and 5 minutes running field test as a measurement of maximal aerobic velocity, respectively. The data were analyzed using repeated measures of analysis of variance.Results: After futsal simulation under caffeine or placebo condition, There were no significant (p≥0.05) differences on alactic anaerobic performance compared to baseline, and alactic anaerobic power output was not significantly(p≥0.05) different between tow conditions after simulated protocol. After futsal simulation, aerobic and lactic anaerobic performances for caffeine and placebo conditions were significantly (p≤0.05) lower that the baseline. Post protocol aerobic and lactic anaerobic performance measures were found significantly (p≤0.05) higher in the caffeine condition than that of in the placebo.Conclusions: Based on these results it can be said that 3 mg/kg body mass acute caffeine supplementation retards aerobic and lactic anaerobic performances decline after simulated futsal protocol. But it is not clear whether these ergogenic effects influence performance during futsal game. Therefore the results need to be confirmed during simulated and true futsal games.

Relation between Maximal Anaerobic Power Output and Tests on Rowing Ergometer

SummaryAim of this study was to compare relation between maximal anaerobic power output and 2,000 m test on rowing ergometer and relation between 6,000 m test and 2,000 m on rowing ergometer. It can be assumed that 2,000 m performance on rowing ergometer will significantly correlate with maximal anaerobic power output and 6,000 m performance. A group of 9 welltrained rowers (age: 18.3 years ± 2.8 years, sport age: 4.9 years ± 3.7 years, weight: 78.9 kg ± 12.2 kg, height: 182.3 cm ± 7.6 cm) performed three tests in 1 week to determine maximal anaerobic power, 6,000 m and 2,000 m performance on Concept 2 model D rowing ergometer. A value of simple maximal stroke out of 10-second all-out test with drag factor set to 200 was taken as a measure of maximal anaerobic power. Drag factor for 6,000 m and 2,000 m test was set individually. Average power during these tests was record. Research showed that both maximal anaerobic power and 6,000 m test correlated with 2,000 m test on rowing ergometer significantly (rmap= 0.93 p < 0.01, r6k= 0.95 p < 0.01). Maximal anaerobic power and 6,000 m tests seem to be good predictors for 2,000 m score on rowing ergometer. However, maximal anaerobic power test can be used to monitor rowing performance during specific training cycle instead of longer and more demanding 6,000 m test.

Pacing Strategy in Short Cycling Time Trials

Purpose:To reach top performance in cycling, optimizing distribution of energy resources is crucial. The purpose of this study was to investigate power output during 250-m, 500-m, and 1000-m cycling time trials and the characteristics of the adopted pacing strategy.Methods:Nine trained cyclists completed an incremental test and 3 time trials that they were instructed to finish as quickly as possible. Preceding the trials, peak power during short sprints (PPsprint) and gross efficiency (GE) were measured. During the trials, power output and oxygen consumption were measured to calculate the contribution of the aerobic and anaerobic energy sources. After the trial GE was measured again.Results:Peak power during all trials (PPTT) was lower than PPsprint. In the 250-m trial the PPTT was higher in the 1000-m trial (P = .008). The subjects performed a significantly longer time at high intensity in the 250-m than in the 1000-m (P = .029). GE declined significantly during all trials (P < .01). Total anaerobically attributable work was less in the 250-m than in the 500-m (P = .015) and 1000-m (P < .01) trials.Conclusion:The overall pacing pattern in the 250-m trial appears to follow an all-out strategy, although peak power is still lower than the potential maximal power output. This suggests that a true all-out pattern of power output may not be used in fixed-distance events. The 500-m and 1000-m had a more conservative pacing pattern and anaerobic power output reached a constant magnitude.