The Imperative Need to Create a Rapid and Efficient Connection between Transylvania and Bukovina During the First World War – The Construction of the Prundu Bârgăului - Vatra Dornei Railway Line

In the context of the World War I outbreak and given the lack of a direct railway line between Transylvania and Bukovina, the Austro-Hungarian army is forced to find a quick and operative solution to the supply of weapons, food, but also to restore the supply to the Austro-Hungarian empire with manganese ore, dolomite, lumber, cereals, animals and other goods provided by Bukovina. Therefore, they considered building a fast link between Transylvania and Bukovina, along a spectacular route, namely, the Prundu Bârgăului-Vatra Dornei railway line. In the successful realization of this great project an ingenious, even revolutionary solution was found for those days: the construction of a railway line with normal gauge, adapted to trains and the petrol-electric traction, according to a model that was used and successfully put into practice since 1912 in Austrian Tirol. The works were completed in a very short time, even though there were very harsh working conditions and the route was extremely difficult. Both the Austro-Hungarian army and civilians from neighbouring villages and prisoners of war contributed to this success.

An extended theory of gravity in a modified Riemann’s geometry

In this work, we study the evolution of an isotropic universe in an extended theory of gravity obtained geometrically by transforming the normal-gauge Lyra displacement vector field [Formula: see text] as a complex vectorial function depending on a dynamical scalar field [Formula: see text]. By using the latest observational data, we observe that for [Formula: see text] the universe starts accelerating at the critical scale factor [Formula: see text] which corresponds to a redshift of [Formula: see text]. We also find that the dark energy fluid considered in this model is a generalized fluid with equation of state [Formula: see text].

SOME BIANCHI TYPE-II COSMOLOGICAL MODELS IN LYRA GEOMETRY

In this work, we have studied the Bianchi type-II anisotropic cosmological models in the theory based on Lyra's geometry in normal gauge in the presence and absence of the magnetic field. The physical and kinematical behaviors of the models have also been discussed.

SOME BIANCHI TYPE COSMOLOGICAL MODELS IN LYRA GEOMETRY

A class of nonstatic solutions for Einstein field equations has been investigated in the context of Bianchi type-V space–time in the theory based on Lyra's geometry in Gauss normal gauge and in the presence of an attractive massive scalar field. The results have been studied through various physical and geometrical parameters. The energy conditions of the model have also been verified.

INHOMOGENEOUS COSMOLOGICAL MODEL IN LYRA GEOMETRY

Exact solutions are obtained for an inhomogeneous cosmological model in normal gauge for Lyra's geometry. Some properties of the model have also been discussed.