scholarly journals Oocyte Biobanks: Old Assumptions and New Challenges

BioTech ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Pamela Tozzo
Keyword(s):  
Egg Donation ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Clinical Issue ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Preservation Of Fertility ◽  
Social Freezing ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
High Level

The preservation of fertility is a clinical issue that has been emerging considerably in recent decades, as the number of patients of childbearing age who risk becoming infertile for many reasons is increasing. The cryopreservation technique of oocytes has been developed for many years and nowadays constitutes a method of safe storage with impressive efficacy and high rates of successful thawing. The storage and use for research of oocytes taken for medical or non-medical can be carried out by both public and private structures, through egg sharing, voluntary egg donation and so-called “social freezing” for autologous use. This paper focuses on the oocyte bank as an emerging cryopreservation facility, in which a collaboration between public and private and the creation of a network of these biobanks can be useful in enhancing both their implementation and their functions. Good oocyte biobank practice would require that they be collected, stored, and used according to appropriate bioethical and bio-law criteria, collected and stored according to procedures that guarantee the best preservation of their structural components and a high level of safety, connected with appropriate procedures to protect the rights and privacy of the parties involved and associated with the results of the bio-molecular investigations that will be carried out gradually.

Social inequality in the evolution of human societies

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-120
Author(s):  
Georgi Derluguian
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Transition To Agriculture ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Political Economic

The author develops ideas about the origin of social inequality during the evolution of human societies and reflects on the possibilities of its overcoming. What makes human beings different from other primates is a high level of egalitarianism and altruism, which contributed to more successful adaptability of human collectives at early stages of the development of society. The transition to agriculture, coupled with substantially increasing population density, was marked by the emergence and institutionalisation of social inequality based on the inequality of tangible assets and symbolic wealth. Then, new institutions of warfare came into existence, and they were aimed at conquering and enslaving the neighbours engaged in productive labour. While exercising control over nature, people also established and strengthened their power over other people. Chiefdom as a new type of polity came into being. Elementary forms of power (political, economic and ideological) served as a basis for the formation of early states. The societies in those states were characterised by social inequality and cruelties, including slavery, mass violence and numerous victims. Nowadays, the old elementary forms of power that are inherent in personalistic chiefdom are still functioning along with modern institutions of public and private bureaucracy. This constitutes the key contradiction of our time, which is the juxtaposition of individual despotic power and public infrastructural one. However, society is evolving towards an ever more efficient combination of social initiatives with the sustainability and viability of large-scale organisations.

scholarly journals Bot Datasets on Twitter: Analysis and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4105
Author(s):  
Luis Daniel Samper-Escalante ◽  
Octavio Loyola-González ◽  
Raúl Monroy ◽  
Miguel Angel Medina-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Online News ◽  
Social Networking Service ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Twitter Analysis ◽  
Radar Chart ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Bot Detection

The reach and influence of social networks over modern society and its functioning have created new challenges and opportunities to prevent the misuse or tampering of such powerful tools of social interaction. Twitter, a social networking service that specializes in online news and information exchange involving billions of users world-wide, has been infested by bots for several years. In this paper, we analyze both public and private databases from the literature of bot detection on Twitter. We summarize their advantages, disadvantages, and differences, recommending which is more suitable to work with depending on the necessities of the researcher. From this analysis, we present five distinct behaviors in automated accounts exhibited across all the bot datasets analyzed from these databases. We measure their level of presence in each dataset using a radar chart for visual comparison. Finally, we identify four challenges that researchers of bot detection on Twitter have to face when using these databases from the literature.

scholarly journals As predicted by theory: choice and competition in a publicly funded and regulated regional health system yield improved access and cost control

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Wohlin ◽  
Clara Fischer ◽  
Karin Solberg Carlsson ◽  
Sara Korlén ◽  
Pamela Mazzocato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Control ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Patient Choice ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Bundled Payment ◽  
Private Providers ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Background New Public Management (NPM) has been widely used to introduce competition into public healthcare. Results have been mixed, and there has been much controversy about the appropriateness of a private sector-mimicking governance model in a public service. One voice in the debate suggested that rather than discussing whether competition is “good” or “bad” the emphasis should be on exploring the conditions for a successful implementation. Methods We report a longitudinal case study of the introduction of patient choice and allowing private providers to enter a publicly funded market. Patients in need of hip or knee replacement surgery are allowed to choose provider, and those are paid a fixed reimbursement for the full care episode (bundled payment). Providers are financially accountable for complications. Data on number of patients, waiting lists and times, costs to the public purchaser, and complications were collected from public registries. Providers were interviewed at three points in time during a nine-year follow-up period. Time-series of the quantitative data were exhibited and the views of actors involved were explored in a thematic analysis of the interviews. Results The policy goals of improving access to care and care quality while controlling total costs were achieved in a sustained way. Six themes were identified among actors interviewed and those were consistent over time. The design of the patient choice model was accepted, although all providers were discontent with the level of reimbursement. Providers felt that quality, timeliness of service and staff satisfaction had improved. Public and private providers differed in terms of patient-mix and developed different strategies to adjust to the reimbursement system. Private providers were more active in marketing and improving operation room efficiency. All providers intensified cooperation with referring physicians. Close attention was paid to following the rules set by the purchaser. Discussion and conclusions The sustained cost control was an effect of bundled payment. What this study shows is that both public and private providers adhere long-term to regulations by a public purchaser that also controls entrance to the market. The compensation was fixed and led to competition on quality, as predicted by theory.

Consensus document on radiotherapy in patients with implantable pacemakers and cardioverter – defibrilators

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (47) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Lidia Chmielewska-Michalak ◽  
Ewelina Konstanty ◽  
Przemysław Mitkowski
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Complex Care ◽  
Consensus Document ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
High Level ◽  
Emergency Mode

The number of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED), who require oncological management including radiotherapy (RT) is still increasing. According to current knowledge the most frequent device dysfunction related to exposition to ionizing radiation is reprogramming to emergency mode (soft reset). There are uncommon cases of complete, irreversible device damage. CIED dysfunction during RT can be observed in approximately 3% of patients. In majority of cases they are asymptomatic, although in literature there are descriptions of deterioration of clinical status due to bradycardia or exacerbation of heart failure. The most important factor of device malfunction is radiotherapy with photons of energy >10 MV or protons despite energy used. So far there were no cases published with inadequate ICD therapies due to the presence of electromagnetic field interference during RT. Because patients with CIED undergoing RT need complex care to achieve high level of safety, experts of Heart Rhythm Society establish document, published in 2017 which summarized current knowledge about this group of patients. The document contains guidelines on peri-radiotherapy care of patients with CIED.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Endometriosis in France: A Large, Nation-Wide Study Based on Hospital Discharge Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter von Theobald ◽  
Jonathan Cottenet ◽  
Silvia Iacobelli ◽  
Catherine Quantin
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Hospital Discharge Data ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Rehospitalization Rate ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
French Hospital ◽  
One Year

We aimed to assess the prevalence of hospitalization for endometriosis in the general population in France and in each French region and to describe temporal trends, rehospitalization rates, and prevalence of the different types of endometriosis. The analyses were carried out on French hospital discharge data and covered the period 2008–2012 and a population of 14,239,197 women of childbearing age. In this population, the prevalence of hospitalization for endometriosis was 0.9%, ranging from 0.4% to 1.6% between regions. Endometriosis affected 1.5% of hospitalized women of childbearing age, ranging from 1.0% to 2.4% between regions. The number of patients hospitalized for endometriosis significantly increased over the study period (p<0.01). Of these, 4.2% were rehospitalized at least once at one year: ranging from 2.7% to 6.3% between regions. The cumulative rehospitalization rate at 3 years was 6.9%. The types of endometriosis according to the procedures performed were as follows: ovarian (40–50%), peritoneal (20–30%), intestinal (10–20%), and ureteral or bladder (<10%), with significant differences between regions. This is the first detailed epidemiological study of endometriosis in France. Further studies are needed to assess the reasons for the increasing prevalence of endometriosis and for the significant differences in regional prevalence of this disease.

scholarly journals High-involvement management practices, job control, and employee well-being in the public and private sectors. Evidence from Finland

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-486
Author(s):  
Laura Peutere ◽  
Antti Saloniemi ◽  
Simo Aho ◽  
Jouko Nätti ◽  
Tapio Nummi
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
High Involvement ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Involvement Management

The connection between high-involvement management (HIM), entailing heavy employee involvement, and employee well-being is a controversial and widely discussed topic. Clarifying how job satisfaction and stress are connected to HIM and job control (the control employees have over their work), this study is based on data from two Finnish sources: an employer survey investigating the extent of HIM within an organisation, and employee assessments of job control, stress and job satisfaction. Logistic regression models were used as the study method. In contrast to previous Finnish studies, our findings show that HIM seems hardly to benefit employee well-being. Especially in the public sector, the correlation between extensive HIM and employee well-being turned out to be negative. However, HIM in the private sector was positively related to job satisfaction. As expected, a high level of job control was regularly associated with greater well-being.

scholarly journals Willingness to Adopt the Recommended Practices of Organic Turmeric among Kandhamal Farmers of Odisha

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Asish Panigrahi ◽  
Satarupa Modak ◽  
Chitrasena Padhy
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
Healing Property ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Chemical Inputs ◽  
High Level

Turmeric Cultivation is one of livelihood for the Kondh tribes of Kandhamal District of Odisha. These farmers were cultivating this crop with their traditional knowledge of crop practices without any intervention of chemical inputs. From the studies, it is found that farmers of the district were economically and educationally backward. Turmeric of Kandhamal is well known for its healing property, color, aroma etc. and received GI tag for its unique features. From the secondary data it was found that there were few public and private extension actors trying to promote organic recommended package of practices for Turmeric.  And, to boost willingness among farmers towards recommended organic Turmeric various socio-economic variables might be responsible. In this view the present study was carried out (2020-21) in Kandhamal district of Odisha to understand attitude towards recommended organic Turmeric and socio-economic variables effecting willingness to adopt organic package of practices of Turmeric. It was found that turmeric growers had medium to high level of willingness to adopt the recommended agricultural practice. And among selected socio-economic variables respondent’s total family member, Members help in family farming and adult male had negative and significantly relationship with willingness to adopt the recommended agricultural practices of organic turmeric. Private extension actors and State Horticulture Department training were continually motivating them to adopt recommended agricultural practices of organic turmeric. 

scholarly journals Research and Management of Rare Diseases in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era: Challenges and Countermeasures

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjana Fatema Chowdhury ◽  
Syed Muktadir Al Sium ◽  
Saeed Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Rare Disease ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The People ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
High Level ◽  
Disease Community

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted every aspect of our life. The need to provide high-level care for an enormous number of patients with COVID-19 infection during this pandemic has impacted resourcing for and restricted the routine care of all non-COVID-19 conditions. Since the beginning of the pandemic, the people living with rare disorders, who represent a marginalized group of the population even in a normal world, have not received enough attention that they deserve. Due to the pandemic situation, they have experienced (and experiencing) an extreme inadequacy of regular clinical services, counseling, and therapies they need, which have made their life more vulnerable and feel more marginalized. Besides, the clinicians, researchers, and scientists working on rare genetic diseases face extra challenges due to the pandemic. Many ongoing research projects and clinical trials for rare and genetic diseases were stalled to avoid patients' and research staff's transmission to COVID-19. Still, with all the odds, telehealth and virtual consultations for rare disease patients have shown hope. The clinical, organizational, and economic challenges faced by institutions, patients, their families, and the caregivers during the pandemic indicate the importance of ensuring continuity of care in managing rare diseases, including adequate diagnostics and priority management strategies for emergencies. In this review, we endeavored to shed light on the issues the rare disease community faces during the pandemic and the adaptations that could help the rare disease community to better sustain in the coming days.

scholarly journals The ascent and decline of a great balneological resort: PUCIOASA

2020 ◽  
pp. 498-500
Author(s):  
Doroteea TEOIBAS-SERBAN ◽  
Liviu IORDACHE ◽  
Dan BLENDEA
Keyword(s):  
Water Analysis ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Rehabilitation Clinic

Introduction. Pucioasa is one of the greater and sadly, almost forgotten balneological resort of Romania. Known since the 18th century, where it was discovered a record of this area on the Austrian map in 1791 with sulphurous streams, the healing waters of the “Pe Pucioasa” hill enters the therapeutic balneological circle when the first water analysis occurred – 1821-1828 by Dr. Trangot von Schobel. In 1878, Ion Ghica, a prominent figure in Romania at that time initiated the exploitation of 14 wells from the 30 known streams of sulphurous and ferruginous waters, thus obtaining enough healing mineral water for a capacity of 60 beds of the balneological establishment. Since 1841, the Resort developed, transformed into a Rehabilitation Clinic (1969) and the number of patients treated there increased from 20 in the beginning to 1000 patient per day. Many of the patients included foreign elite society members who came regularly to benefit from the waters’ healing properties, both external and internal cures, setting Pucioasa on a high level of not only balneology treatment, but also of balneological tourism. Matherials and methods: Studying local industrializations and water analysis, we concluded that there were many factors that contributed to the decline of this great and international renowned balneological resort. The first wrong step in this direction was made when building and extending de gypsum carrier, the peek being between 1970 and 1975, when the industrial forging process made the sulphurous streams to migrate, and the waters from the wells diminished in its sulphur and iron concentration. Another possible factor for the decline can be the modernisation of the medical world, development of anti-inflammatory drugs and modern medical equipment which reduced the need for the elite society to come a long distance for the balneological treatment. Results: Whichever of the reasons, the once prosperous Balneological Resort of Pucioasa fell into an unknown, unimpressive place, known and frequented only by the locals. The Rehabilitation Clinic still has 60 beds, which are occupied to the maximum each month, it still prospers on a local level, but lost its glory from almost a century ago. Conclusions: The Romanian general population and the government must take an interest to one of the many once prosperous balneological resorts in order to revive the national treasure of Romania which is balneology, which many of the developed European countries only wish that they can possess. Keywords: Balneary Resort, Pucioasa,

scholarly journals Dynamics of Glaucoma Prevalence in the Kyrgyz Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
G. Оmоrоvа
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Modern Health Care ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Primary Disability ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
Information Work ◽  
Primary Glaucoma ◽  
High Level

This article discusses the dynamics of glaucoma prevalence in the Kyrgyz Republic. At present glaucoma is one of the pressing problems of modern health care, as it occupies one of the leading places among the causes of irreversible loss of vision. According to WHO glaucoma accounts for up to 5% of all eye pathology. By 2020, the number of patients will increase to 5.9 million and 5.3 million will lose sight due to primary glaucoma. The proportion of primary glaucoma among the causes of primary disability has been stable at a fairly high level from 20 to 28% over the years. The problem of glaucoma control requires improvement of the system of organization of early detection and dispensary observation of patients, which will contribute to control of the level of morbidity and quality of medical care. The article used data from the Republican Medical and Information Center of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic from 2014 to 2018. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis, the authors identified trends in the incidence of diseases of the eye and its appendages, glaucoma among adults, adolescents and children of the Kyrgyz Republic. The incidence of diseases of the eye and its appendages, glaucoma among adults, teenagers and children in dynamics from 2014 to 2018 has been studied. The share of glaucoma in the total number of diseases of the eye and its appendages among adults, teenagers and children is considered. Analysis of the dynamics of disease prevalence of the eye, its appendages, glaucoma, both among adults and teenagers, and among children under 14 years of age showed an increase in the indicator in 2015, 2017 and 2018. The proportion of glaucoma from the total morbidity of the eye and its appendages among adults and adolescents in the years under study averaged 6.4%, among children under 14 — 0.2%. It is necessary to strengthen measures for early detection, dispensarization of glaucoma patients, as well as to carry out information work among the population.

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