Non-equilibrium phase transition at a critical point of human blood

Blood is the basic medium in the existence, evolution and physiological balance of animals and represents the biochemical “Internet” of the body; at least human blood exhibit the presence of an emergent phase that is highly unusual. Homeostasis, the state of the optimal functioning of the body, is maintained in living organisms by many chemical and physical conditions, particularly temperature. However, no regulatory mechanism has been identified that has led to a predetermined (molecularly encoded) optimal, individually variable, very specific temperature of around 36 °C. Additionally, the homeostatic temperature range, which is kept within predetermined limits, is merely an empirical fact. In the following, I will show that the reference temperature that is necessary to achieve homeostasis can be established, and a preset homeostatic range can be determined, using an original experimental method and refined tools of mathematical physics related to the nonlinear measures of the complexity of human blood. Moreover, signatures of a macroscopic coherent state in a non-equilibrium system at a critical temperature are obtained.

Dynamic Susceptibilities in Dense Soft Athermal Spheres Under a Finite-Rate Shear

The mechanical responses of dense packings of soft athermal spheres under a finite-rate shear are studied by means of molecular dynamics simulations. We investigate the volume fraction and shear rate dependence of the fluctuations in the shear stress and the interparticle contact number. In particular, we quantify them by defining the susceptibility as the ratio of the global to local fluctuations. The obtained susceptibilities form ridges on the volume fraction-shear rate plane, which are reminiscent of the Widom lines around the critical point in an equilibrium phase transition.

Metallic Composites, Prepared by Deformation Processing

The main point of successful manufacture of metallic composites by direct bonding of dissimilar materials is achieving a homogeneous interface bonding. Two different types of deformation techniques for fabrication of metal composites were investigated. The first one was developed on the basis of high pressure torsion associated with a high energy impact on the material where part of energy involved can be dissipated via non equilibrium phase transition realization. This deformation due to high shear deformations allows not only to form a nanostructure, but also to bond dissimilar metals. Moreover, this method allows for a relatively short time and in a number of compounds to receive in one step at room temperature monolithic composites of sufficient size to certify the structure and properties. The second technique is diffusion bonding which integrate one material with the other by pressure under high temperature. In order to clarify the bonding mechanism by plastic deformation of dissimilar materials, the microstructural and some mechanical properties were studied in the processed samples.

Multi-dimensional complex phase transition model by catastrophe theory developing Kolmogorov turbulence theory

In this paper, a novel multi-dimensional complex non-equilibrium phase transition model is put forward to describe quantitatively the physical development process of turbulence and develop the Kolmogorov turbulence theory from the catastrophe theory, in which the well-known −5/3 power law is only a special case in this paper proving the accuracy of our methods. Catastrophe theory is a highly generalized mathematical tool that summarizes the laws of non-equilibrium phase transition. Every control variable in catastrophe theory could be skillfully expanded into multi-parameter multiplication with different indices and the relationship among these characteristic indices can be determined by dimensionless analysis. Thus, the state variables can be expressed quantitatively with multiple parameters, and the multi-dimensional non-equilibrium phase transition theory is established. As an example, by adopting the folding catastrophe model, we strictly derive out the quantitative relationship between energy and wave number with respect to a new scale index [Formula: see text] to quantitative study the whole process of the laminar flow to turbulence, in which [Formula: see text] varies from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] corresponding to energy containing range and [Formula: see text] to energy containing scale where [Formula: see text] power law is deduced, and at [Formula: see text] the [Formula: see text] law of Kolmogorov turbulence theory is obtained, and fully developed turbulence phase starts at [Formula: see text] giving [Formula: see text] law. Furthermore, this theory presented is verified by our wind tunnel experiments. This novel non-equilibrium phase transition methods cannot only provide a new insight into the turbulence model, but also be applied to other non-equilibrium phase transitions.

Corralation of notions «complex system» and «complex environement» in social philosophy

The relationship between the concepts of «complex system» and «complex environment», which are relevant in modern socio-philosophical knowledge, is investigated. It has been substantiated that in modern conditions of the development of society, which are characterized by variability, non-linearity and complexity, a new research paradigm develops in social philosophy, which allows not only to introduce a systemic approach, but also gives a different interpretation of social phenomena. As a result, the systematic approach has been complemented and, even to some extent, is supplanted by the emerging synergistic approach, which presents social reality as a process of continuous changes and phase transitions. The emerging new view on social reality as an unstable integrity has confirmed that it is necessary to study events and processes. In particular, from the standpoint of psychosynergy (I.V. Yershova-Babenko), an understanding of the integrity and complexity of the system takes the form of a conceptual model of the “whole as a whole / whole-in-whole”. Therefore, the concept of «complex system» in social philosophy can be replaced by the concept of «complex environment», which indicates that emphasizes the dynamic characteristics of social reality, indicates its procedurality and disequilibrium.Also there was an appeal to the subject of social reality, which is a person. Focusing on the person and his social activities allows us to consider social reality as a “psychodimensioned environment” (the term of I.V. Ershova-Babenko), implying that it develops and transforms as a result of human mental activity, group, community of people in different scales of space and time, as well as the scale of individual cultures and civilizations.The use of the psycho-synergetic interpretation of the position of I. Prigogine on the non-equilibrium phase transition of a new type in the semantic field of social philosophy is also shown. For the first time, the phenomenon of “unaccounted subject / product”, related to the analysis of social reality, was used.