Designing of a 2x2 E-shaped Microstrip Patch Grid Antenna

In this work, a 2×2 grid of E-shaped patch antennas is proposed. The design of the grid is achieved through the design of a single element, the design of a 1×2 array and finally the design of the 2×2 grid on an FR4 epoxy substrate of thickness 1.5 mm. A corporate feed network of microstrip lines is used to excite the array. The performance of each stage is studied in terms of the return loss parameter, the far field gain, and the beam-widths are observed in each case from simulation results. The resonant frequency in each case is 3.8 GHz. It is observed that as the number of elements is increased, the beam-width reduces. In other words, the directivity is increased. Further, it is also observed that the gain and bandwidth is the minimum for the single patch, followed by that of the 1×2 array and the maximum for the 2×2 grid. Thus, the construction of the grid leads to increase in gain, bandwidth and directivity of the antenna.

A Survey: Slot Antenna and Antenna Array.

Slots are generally introduced in the antenna or antenna to improve the impedance matching, improve the bandwidth, and gain. Sometimes slots are introduced in the ground planes, or between antenna elements to reduce the mutual coupling between elements. The antenna being an important element in wireless communication technology, the design of the same with different requirements is important. This paper gives the survey of the slot antenna and antenna array constructed through waveguide and microstrip lines, to meet different antenna parameters as required in various wireless communication technology.

Design of multiple transmission zeros-enabled compact broadband BPFs based on microstrip-to-CPW transition technology

In this paper, we present a miniaturized ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) with multiple transmission zeros (TZs), which is based on transition technology of microstrip with short-circuited coplanar waveguide (CPW). The ground plane of the BPF contains a multiple mode resonator (MMR)-based CPW which is capacitively linked through the dielectric to two open-circuited microstrip lines on the top. The MMR is initially designed to allocate its lowest three resonant modes quasi-equally inside the designated UWB spectrum (3.1–10.6 GHz). This is followed by optimization of microstrip lines to provide a good broadband response possessing minimum insertion loss, two TZs at the lower and upper passband edges that improve selectivity and a wide stopband with appreciable attenuation. Later, multiple-folded split ring resonators are coupled to the BPF to inject dual passband TZs. The predicted theory in simulation is verified against measured result and is found to be in good agreement. The prototype covers a substrate area of only 14.6 × 9.2 mm2.

A Compact Bandpass Microstrip Filter for Wireless Communication Applications

A design of Compact Bandpass Microstrip Filter is proposed for wireless communication applications like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and 5G. Filter is constructed using parallel-coupled Microstrip lines to form 5th order filter of an inverted C structure. Ground slotted technique is used to enhance the bandwidth with dielectric constant of 9.9. The designed filter is simulated at a center frequency of 5.87GHz and bandwidth of 1.9GHz with an insertion loss of -0.5dB, return loss of greater than 12dB. The proposed filter has a compact size, good increased bandwidth and cost-effective. These results are verified with the theoretically designed values and good agreements are recorded. Hence the proposed compact filter will provide a platform for designing and development of compact filters for the microwave regime.