Synthesis and Characterization of a Nano (CdO)0.94:(In2O3) 0.06 / Si gas Sensor

In this work, a (CdO)0.94:(In2O3)0.06 film was developed on a glass substrate using Q- switching pulse laser beam (Nd:YAG; wavelength 1064 nm). The quantitative elemental analysis of the (CdO)0.94:(In2O3)0.06 thin film was achieved using energy dispersive X- ray diffraction (EDX). The topological and morphological properties of the deposited thin film were investigated using atomic force microscope (AFM) and field emission scan electron microscopy (FESEM). The I-V characteristic and Hall effect of (CdO)0.94 :(In2O3)0.06 thin films were used to study the electrical properties. The gas sensor properties of the film prepared on n-Si were investigated for oxidization and reduction gases.

Sequential generation of self-starting diverse operations in all-fiber laser based on thulium-doped fiber saturable absorber

Self-starting Q-switching, Q-switched mode-locking and mode-locking operation modes are achieved sequentially in an all-fiber erbium-doped fiber laser with thulium-doped fiber saturable absorber for the first time. The central wavelengths of Q-switching, Q-switched mode-locking and mode-locking operation modes are 1569.7 nm, 1570.9 nm, and 1572 nm, respectively. The mode-locking operation of the proposed fiber laser generates stable dark soliton with a repetition rate of 0.99 MHz and signal-to-noise ratio of 65 dB. The results validate the capability of generating soliton pulse by doped fiber saturable absorber. Furthermore, the proposed fiber laser is beneficial to the applications of optical communication and signal processing system.

Review of the Yb3+:ScBO3 Laser Crystal Growth, Characterization, and Laser Applications

Passive Q-switching is an effective approach for generating pulsed lasers, owing to its compact and additional modulation-free design. However, to compare favorably with active Q-switching and multi-stage amplification, the output energy needs to be enhanced for practical applications. Kramers Ytterbium ion (Yb3+)-doped borate crystals, with their excellent energy storage capacity, have been proven to be high-potential laser gain mediums for achieving pulsed lasers with moderate and high output energy using passive Q-switching technology. In this study, the growth, characterization, and laser generation of one Yb3+-doped borate crystal, the Yb3+:ScBO3 crystal, are systematically reviewed. The continuous-wave and passive Q-switching laser characteristics are presented in detail, and the self-pulsations derived from intrinsic ground-state reabsorption are also demonstrated. The specific characteristics and experiments confirm the potential of the Yb3+:ScBO3 crystal for future pulsed laser applications with moderate or even high energy output.

Investigation of Initial Transmission Effect on Saturable Absorber Optical Performance of Passive Q-Switching Doped Fiber Laser

Study of initial transmission effect on performance of saturable absorber material with Er+3 doped fiber laser was studied. Cr+4: YAG used as a saturable absorber (SA) in the study. Software computer program buildup in this study for numerical solving of rate equations model by Rung - Kutta –Fehlberg method. The study reported that the maximum optical bleaching, Threshold population inversion density are occurs at earlier buildup time of passive Q-switched, and the pulse reaches high power whenever SA characterized by low initial transmission. The study explains that related to the effect of SA initial transmission on the number density of photons feedback in resonator of laser system.