Construction of College English Mobile Learning Model Based on Distributed Terminal

The quality of English teaching cannot be separated from the students’s accumulation and mastery of vocabulary, and sufficient vocabulary can ensure that students feel easy and comfortable in the language application. However, there are still some problems in teaching English vocabulary in colleges and universities, such as single presentation method, lack of real context, and other difficulties. With the rapid development of mobile Internet, the share of smart mobile devices among college students has increased, which in turn has laid the foundation for the development of new learning modes. The mobile terminal-mediated learning mode in English classroom teaching has become a hot topic of research nowadays, of which English vocabulary teaching has become a typical example. This paper is designed as a system model of edge computing, in which the user terminal device can connect wirelessly with each MECS and offload the tasks to be processed on the MECS, which helps the user terminal device to process and return the results to the user terminal device. The research in this paper also provides a basis for students’ independent and lifelong learning of English words and for schools’ information technology to serve English vocabulary teaching and learning.

Extended and cumulative effects of experimentally induced intergroup conflict in a cooperatively breeding mammal

Conflict between rival groups is rife in nature. While recent work has begun exploring the behavioural consequences of this intergroup conflict, studies have primarily considered just the 1–2 h immediately after single interactions with rivals or their cues. Using a habituated population of wild dwarf mongooses ( Helogale parvula ), we conducted week-long manipulations to investigate longer-term impacts of intergroup conflict. Compared to a single presentation of control herbivore faeces, one rival-group faecal presentation (simulating a territorial intrusion) resulted in more within-group grooming the following day, beyond the likely period of conflict-induced stress. Repeated presentations of outsider cues led to further changes in baseline behaviour by the end of the week: compared to control weeks, mongooses spent less time foraging and foraged closer to their groupmates, even when there had been no recent simulated intrusion. Moreover, there was more baseline territorial scent-marking and a higher likelihood of group fissioning in intrusion weeks. Consequently, individuals gained less body mass at the end of weeks with repeated simulated intrusions. Our experimental findings provide evidence for longer-term, extended and cumulative, effects of an elevated intergroup threat, which may lead to fitness consequences and underpin this powerful selective pressure.

Hypoadrenalism as the Single Presentation of Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type-1

Type-1 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS1) is a rare hereditary disease affecting nearly 600 patients worldwide. The first of its cardinal manifestations, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC), hypoparathyroidism (HPT), or Addison’s disease (AD), presents in childhood. Additional non-classical landmarks of APS1 continue to develop as late as the fifth decade of life. Two-thirds of patients develop the full triad before 25 years of age. Only 20% of patients develop the entire triad simultaneously. Addison's disease is rarely reported as the first manifestation.According to APS1 classifications, restricted criteria for a single cardinal component, although elements of suspicion are not sufficient to diagnose APS1.This case report is peculiar as hypoadrenalism was the first and only manifestation of APS1 for nearly three decades since its diagnosis. Theoretically, exceptions from the protocol of APS1 diagnostic criteria would be recognized as acceptable for diagnosis in the future, when similar case reports of only one component of APS1 appear.

Long-lasting generalization triggered by a single trial event in the invasive crayfish Procambarus clarkii

ABSTRACTBehavioural flexibility allows adaptation to environmental changes, a situation that invasive species have often to face when colonizing new territories. Such flexibility arises from a set of cognitive mechanisms among which generalization plays a key role, as it allows the transfer of past solutions to solve similar new problems. By means of a habituation paradigm, we studied generalization in the invasive crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Once crayfish had habituated their defensive response to a specific water jet, we tested whether habituation transferred to a new type of water jet. Although habituation did not generalize when the new stimulus was initially presented, it surprisingly emerged 15 and 45 days later. Hence, remarkably, in P. clarkii, a single presentation of a new event was sufficient to trigger a long-lasting form of learning generalization from previous similar stimuli, a cognitive ability that may concur in providing adaptive advantages to this invasive species.

Pigmented Fungiform Papillae of the Tongue and Lingual Fimbriae as Single Presentation in Adult: A Case Report and Literature Review

The normal variant in the oral mucosa is a nonpathological condition. Clinical examination must be carefully performed to avoid misdiagnosis as pathological condition. We reported two rare cases of pigmented fungiform papillae and lingual fimbria. Case 1 presented a 22-year-old Javanese man, with no systemic disease and several dark patches over the tongue for2 years. Case 2 presented a 21-year-old Javanese woman with dark patches over the dorsal and lateral of the tongue which had been known for over 4 to 5 months. Both patients had no systemic issues and there were no complaints about the patches. The dark patches, which appeared in both cases, were found together with linear small bumps on the ventral surface of the tongue and near the lingual frenulum. Further examination and specific treatment were not carried out, in accordance with the condition on the tongue.

Keyword Search over RDF: Is a Single Perspective Enough?

Since the task of accessing RDF datasets through structured query languages like SPARQL is rather demanding for ordinary users, there are various approaches that attempt to exploit the simpler and widely used keyword-based search paradigm. However this task is challenging since there is no clear unit of retrieval and presentation, the user information needs are in most cases not clearly formulated, the underlying RDF datasets are in most cases incomplete, and there is not a single presentation method appropriate for all kinds of information needs. As a means to alleviate these problems, in this paper we investigate an interaction approach that offers multiple presentation methods of the search results (multiple-perspectives), allowing the user to easily switch between these perspectives and thus exploit the added value that each such perspective offers. We focus on a set of fundamental perspectives, we discuss the benefits from each one, we compare this approach with related existing systems and report the results of a task-based evaluation with users. The key finding of the task-based evaluation is that users not familiar with RDF (a) managed to complete the information-seeking tasks (with performance very close to that of the experienced users), and (b) they rated positively the approach.

К ВОПРОСУ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ВОСПРИЯТИЮ ИНОЯЗЫЧНОЙ РЕЧИ НА СЛУХ В НЕЯЗЫКОВОМ ВУЗЕ

Рассматривается проблема обучения аудированию студентов неязыковых специальностей в связи с переходом на федеральные государственные образовательные стандарты третьего поколения ++. Анализируются трудности, с которыми сталкиваются как преподаватели, так и обучающиеся при работе с аудиоматериалами, раскрывается взаимосвязь аудирования с другими видами речевой деятельности, подчеркивается невозможность научиться говорению без тренировки восприятия речи на слух. Приводятся примеры современных интернет-ресурсов, используемых в практике неязыкового вуза, отмечается их преимущество в аутентичности, коммуникативности, познавательности, мотивации студентов. Предлагается адаптировать и использовать упражнения с однократного предъявления для обучения аудированию на начальном этапе с целью снятия трудностей различного характера, приводятся примеры упражнений при работе со студентами разных направлений подготовки, дается обоснование эффективности этих упражнений. The article deals with the problem of teaching perception of a foreign language speech to non-linguistic students due to the transition to Federal state educational standards of the third generation ++. It highlights the importance of audition and developing listening skills as the basis for speaking activities and abilities for professional communication in the future. The article emphasizes difficulties faced by both teachers and students while working with audio materials such as lack of time and audio materials, students’ anxiety and uncertainty; it reveals the relationship of listening with other types of speech activity, it emphasizes the impossibility of learning to speak without training listening perception of speech. The article gives an overview of modern Internet resources used in the practice of a non-linguistic university and available for everyone, it notes their advantage in authenticity, communication, cognition, motivation of students. As a result, it suggests adapting and using single presentation writing exercise to teach listening at the initial stage in order to avoid difficulties of various kinds. The article demonstrates the examples of these exercises for non-linguistic students of different technical specialties; it describes stages of working on developing listening skills, necessary conditions, it proves their effectiveness in teaching audition.

A large single-participant fMRI dataset for probing brain responses to naturalistic stimuli in space and time

Visual and auditory representations in the human brain have been studied with encoding, decoding and reconstruction models. Representations from convolutional neural networks have been used as explanatory models for these stimulus-induced hierarchical brain activations. However, none of the fMRI datasets currently available has adequate amounts of data for sufficiently sampling their representations. We recorded a densely sampled large fMRI dataset (TR=700 ms) in a single individual exposed to spatiotemporal visual and auditory naturalistic stimuli (30 episodes of BBC’s Doctor Who). The data consists of 120.830 whole-brain volumes (approx. 23 h) of single-presentation data (full episodes, training set) and 1.178 volumes (11 min) of repeated narrative short episodes (test set, 22 repetitions), recorded with fixation over a period of six months. This rich dataset can be used widely to study the way the brain represents audiovisual input across its sensory hierarchies.