TRENDS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE OF REGIONS

The article analyzes the indicators of development of the agro-industrial complex of the regions, identifies the key problems and the main directions of improving the efficiency of the agro-industrial complex of the region. The agro-industrial complex is a system of management and development, has individual directions and features. Public administration is aimed at providing food to the population, ie the production of industrial products, their processing and transportation to the consumer market. The mechanism of influence on strategic principles, methods of management of the enterprises of agrarian and industrial complex forms integrity of regional economy for the purpose of increase of development of region. Agriculture consists of crop and livestock production and is seasonal, depending on natural conditions during the year. Increasing production is a financial lever of agriculture, which provides high profitability of agricultural enterprises. The growth in agricultural production will be largely ensured by an increase in production in animal husbandry and vegetation based on the creation of a new technological base, the use of modern technological equipment for the modernization of enterprises. The main trends and problems of the development of agricultural enterprises in highly urbanized regions of Ukraine, the economy of which is focused on the service sector, are determined. The difficulty of reforming the domestic agro-industrial complex is the lack of highly qualified personnel capable of generalizing and formulating the main directions of agrarian policy for the future at the country level. There is a need to develop an agrarian policy that would help ensure the country's food independence. However, agriculture is associated with all sectors of the economy, and therefore it is not possible to carry out any changes in the agro-industrial complex in isolation. Regularities in the development of reforms in various spheres of the economy are identical, but agriculture, due to the peculiarities of its reproduction process in comparison with other sectors and spheres, its applications, require a more thorough, comprehensive and deep study of reform issues.

La Gestion du Risque de Micro-crédit: La Nécessité du Diagnostic Financier: Cas de la PME MIGEG Microfinance S.A.

The reduction of the losses related to credit outstanding payment is very necessary in the micro finance institutions in general, and the SME of micro finance MIGEG* S.A in particular. Here, we carried out a study concerning the management of micro credits risk which result to losses due to non-refund. The method that was proposed in this study is that of the financial diagnosis which operates in two phases. The first phase involves the use of the data collected during the interview to analyze the morality of the customer (Phase 1), while the second phase involves the use of the financial and accounting quantitative data to analyze the financial health of the customer (Phase 2).The diagnosis method considered is that of Dupont which allows us to considerably reduce the percentage of credits outstanding payment. Consequently, it also helps to improve the company’s funds. The proposed method will help the managers to detect the risks of application for credit. The bank will thus grant only the credit bonds related to the highest refunds. This, however, will further lead to the following results: For MIGEG S.A to be viable, it must insist on the ratio of the assets. This refers to the sales of the credits to promote refunds without risk. On the other hand, MIGEG S.A will insist on the ratio of the financial lever, debt and assets, in order to promote the prefinancing of the risk credits. Therefore, it will help to avoid credits related to the guarantees such as the land certificate, inheritance etc.

ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL INDEXES OF THE COMMERCIAL COMPANY AND THE FACTORS EXERTING INFLUENCE ON IT AND ITS COHERENCE

The analysis of the chief financial indexes (profitability, assets turnover, the capital structures and liquidities) has been supplemented with indexes of the effect of the profitability of the basic activity and the financial lever impact and the factors resulting from them, which exert influence on commercial and financial profitability. The impact of the factors upon commercial, economic and financial profitability is expressed in percentage and percentage points. By arranging the indexes of the financial analysis and the factors influencing them in certain coherence, one can clearly evaluate the impact of the factors upon the profitability indexes.

THE FINANCIAL PROBLEMS OF COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES OF LATGALE PLANNING REGION DURING THE PERIOD OF THE YEARS 2006 – 2011

There has been carried out the analysis of the financial situation of the commercial activities of Latgale planning region in comparison with the financial situation in Latvia in general during the period of the years 2006 – 2011. The analysis was based on the methodology of the analysis of finance worked out by the author, which in comparison with the traditional methods has been supplemented with the indexes of financial lever impact, and which included the analysis of the factors having impact on profitability. There have been calculated the numerical expression of factors, which had impact on the commercial, economic and financial profitability of the commercial activities of Latgale. As a result of the analysis the chief problems for the improvement of the commercial situation in Latgale have been identified.