Technological evaluation of bentonite suspension obtained using hydromechanical method

Изучены физико-химические свойства суспензии бентонита, полученной гидромеханическим способом в сравнении с традиционным. Представлены результаты исследований по обеспечению стабильности винодельческой продукции против необратимых коллоидных помутнений при применении суспензии бентонита, приготовленной гидромеханическим способом. Установлено, что суспензия бентонита, приготовленная гидродинамическим способом при частоте вращения ротора 2980 об/мин. в течение 5 мин. и средним размером частиц от 8 до 10 мкм, позволяет значительно повысить качество обработки виноматериалов и достичь высоких показателей их стабильности, а также снизить объем образующихся осадков до 10 процентов. Результаты технологической оценки суспензии бентонита, полученной на экспериментальной установке, положены в основу определения режимных и конструктивных параметров оборудования для приготовления растворов и суспензий вспомогательных материалов в виноделии. Physicochemical properties of bentonite suspension obtained using hydromechanical method in comparison with traditional one have been studied. The results of studies on providing the wine product stability against nonreversible colloidal haze in applying bentonite suspension prepared using hydromechanical method are presented. It was found that bentonite suspension prepared using hydrodynamic method at a rotor speed of 2980 rpm during 5 minutes and an average particle size of 8 to 10 µm, can significantly improve the quality of processing base wines, achieve high stability level and reduce the amount of sediment by up to 10 percent. The results of technological evaluation of bentonite suspension obtained using experimental unit are the basis for determining the operating and design parameters of equipment for preparation of solutions and suspensions of auxiliary materials in winemaking.

Electric Field-Driven Liquid Metal Droplet Generation and Direction Manipulation

A gallium-based liquid metal got high attention recently, due to the excellent material properties that are useful in various research areas. We report here on electric field-induced liquid metal droplet generation and falling direction manipulation. The well-analyzed electro-hydrodynamic method is a selectable way to control the liquid metal, as the liquid metal is conductive. The electric field-induced liquid metal manipulation can be affected by the flow rate (0.05~0.2 mL/min), voltage (0~7 kV), and distance (15 and 30 mm) between electrodes, which changes the volume of the electric field-induced generated liquid metal droplet and the number of the generated droplets. When the electric field intensity increases or the flow rate increases, the generated droplet volume decreases, and the number of droplets increases. With the highest voltage of 7 kV with 15 mm between electrodes at the 0.2 mL/min flow rate, the lowest volume and the largest number of the generated droplets for 10 s were ~10 nL and 541, respectively. Additionally, we controlled the direction of the generated droplet by changing the electric field. The direction of the liquid metal droplet was controlled with the maximum angle of ~12°. Moreover, we exhibited a short circuit demonstration by controlling the volume or falling direction of the generated liquid metal droplet with an applied electric field.

On liquid phase hydrates formation in pipelines in the course of gas non-stationary flow

Nowadays, when the emphasis is on alternative means of energy, natural gas is still used as an efficient and convenient fuel both in the home (for heating buildings and water, cooking, drying and lighting) and in industry together with electricity. In industrial terms, gas is one of the main sources of electricity generation in both developed and developing countries. Pipelines are the most popular means of transporting natural gas domestically and internationally. The main reasons for the constipation of gas pipelines are the formation of hydrates, freezing of water plugs, pollution, etc. It is an urgent task to take timely measures against the formation of hydrates in the pipeline. To stop gas hydrate formation in gas transporting pipelines, from existing methods the mathematical modelling with hydrodynamic method is more acceptable. In this paper the problem of prediction of possible points of hydrates origin in the main pipelines taking into consideration gas non-stationary flow and heat exchange with medium is studied. For solving the problem the system of partial differential equations governing gas non-stationary flow in main gas pipeline is investigated. The problem solution for gas adiabatic flow is presented.

DEVELOPMENT AND JUSTIFICATION OF A HYDRO-IMPULSE METHOD FOR INCREASING ORE PERMEABILITY IN CONDITIONS OF URANIUM BOREHOLE PRODUCTION

The technology of downhole uranium production used at mining enterprises in Kazakhstan is described, the factors affecting the decrease in the filtration characteristics of productive formations are studied in detail, and an effective method is described for increasing the downhole uranium production. The applied methods of intensification of downhole production at uranium mining enterprises are considered, the positive and negative aspects of the electroplasma and chemical methods are discussed. Calculations of the working values of the hydro-wave method of destruction of clogging formations in the well and the parameters of the solution supply during repair and restoration work are presented. Based on the calculation of the operating parameters, a diagram of the dependence of the operating cycle of the hydropercussion machine on the flow rate of the water supplied to the machine is constructed. The developed 3D model of the hydropercussion apparatus for increasing the permeability of the productive horizon is presented. The advantages of the use of the hydrodynamic method for restoring the permeability of the productive horizon in the conditions of downhole uranium production in difficult mining and geological conditions are disclosed. The optimal parameters for intensification of downhole uranium production in difficult mining and geological conditions are recommended, and a method for using a hydropercussion apparatus in combination with traditional methods of well regeneration is developed.