Metrological Evaluation of Human–Robot Collaborative Environments Based on Optical Motion Capture Systems

In the context of human–robot collaborative shared environments, there has been an increase in the use of optical motion capture (OMC) systems for human motion tracking. The accuracy and precision of OMC technology need to be assessed in order to ensure safe human–robot interactions, but the accuracy specifications provided by manufacturers are easily influenced by various factors affecting the measurements. This article describes a new methodology for the metrological evaluation of a human–robot collaborative environment based on optical motion capture (OMC) systems. Inspired by the ASTM E3064 test guide, and taking advantage of an existing industrial robot in the production cell, the system is evaluated for mean error, error spread, and repeatability. A detailed statistical study of the error distribution across the capture area is carried out, supported by a Mann–Whitney U-test for median comparisons. Based on the results, optimal capture areas for the use of the capture system are suggested. The results of the proposed method show that the metrological characteristics obtained are compatible and comparable in quality to other methods that do not require the intervention of an industrial robot.

METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE OPERATIONAL AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF cavity RESONATORS

В работе выполнен анализ известных технических решений в области частотного разноса принимаемого и передаваемого сигналов радиочастотных ретрансляторов сигналов и проблемных вопросов технического характера, связанных с их реализацией, предложено собственное решение улучшения амплитудно-частотных характеристик систем фильтров с использованием объёмных резонаторов, выполненное с учётом современных тенденций реализации подобных систем. Целью работы является повышение технических характеристик объёмных резонаторов. В работе предлагается вариант повышения эксплуатационно-технических характеристик объёмных резонаторов. Предлагаемое решение апробировано на практике, выполнена метрологическая оценка его результатов. Результатом исследования является разработка метода повышения эксплуатационно-технических характеристик объёмных резонаторов, ориентированная на улучшение качества их работы. Предлагаемое решение может быть применено при производстве ремонта и регламентном обслуживании объёмных резонаторов, в ходе их эксплуатации в системах радиосвязи различного назначения, реализованных с их использованием. The paper analyzes the known technical solutions in the field of frequency separation of the received and transmitted signals of radio frequency signal repeaters and technical issues related to their implementation, and offers its own solution to improve the amplitude-frequency characteristics of filter systems using cavity resonators, made taking into account current trends in the implementation of such systems. The aim of this work is to improve the technical characteristics of cavity resonators. In this paper, we propose a variant of improving the operational and technical characteristics of cavity resonators. The proposed solution was tested in practice, metrological evaluation of its results was performed. The result of the research is the development of a method for improving the operational and technical characteristics of cavity resonators, focused on improving the quality of their work. The proposed solution can be applied in the production of repairs and routine maintenance of cavity resonators, during their operation in radio communication systems for various purposes, implemented with their use.

Metrological Evaluation of Deep-Ocean Thermometers

An accurate metrological investigation was performed on several units of the two de facto standards for deep-ocean temperature measurements—the SBE35 (the reference thermometer) and the SBE3 (the working thermometer) from SeaBird Scientific. Four SBE35 units were repeatedly calibrated against state-of-the-art fixed-point cells (triple point of water at 0.01 °C and melting point of gallium at 29.7646 °C), with calibration uncertainties of approximately 0.2 mK and 0.5 mK, respectively. Three SBE35 units and one SBE3 unit were calibrated in the temperature range 0 °C to 30 °C, again with sub-millikelvin calibration uncertainties, in a recently-developed water–bath calibration facility. All these calibrations evidenced (1) the deviation of each unit from its original manufacturer’s calibration (up to 1.7 mK), which were found to be inconsistent with the manufacturer’s uncertainty claims and (2) unexplained irreproducibilities, which could not be attributed to the calibration system of up to 1.5 mK. The effect of high pressures (up to 60 MPa) on the response of two SBE35 units was investigated by pressurizing the SBE35 units inside a purpose-built compact pressure enclosure. The results of the pressure investigation confirmed the existence of a small device-dependent pressure effect (approximately 0.3 mK at 60 MPa) and the need for individual temperature–pressure calibration of each SBE35 unit.

One-year long common view measurements with continuous gravimeters

<p>Since a few years, several laboratories, institutes or organizations through the world have acquired marketed quantum absolute gravimeters AQG developed by Muquans. Among their potentialities, these new generations of instruments are expected to complement the existing capabilities of long term monitoring of the Earth gravity field. A metrological evaluation of their performances for long-term measurements is thus a first step.</p><p>The LNE-SYRTE gravimetry laboratory in the suburb of Paris, has been designed to accommodate other gravimeters for metrological comparisons, tests and calibrations. Instruments of different classes operate in this well characterized laboratory: a laboratory-based absolute cold atom gravimeter (CAG) and a relative superconducting gravimeter iGrav. Both instruments allow for continuous measurements, Accuracy is guaranteed by the CAG and long-term stability by the iGrav.</p><p>We there have performed a more than one-year long measurement session with the initial version of the marketed quantum gravimeter AQG (AQG-A01).</p><p>An improved version of this AQG (AQG-B01) designed for outdoor measurement and recently acquired by RESIF (the French Seismologic and Geodetic Network) has been also implemented to close this session with a last month of simultaneous data recording involving all the instruments. Finally, we also performed supplementary accuracy tests, in particular to evaluate the Coriolis bias of the two AQG commercial sensors.</p><p>The talk will briefly present the different instruments to rapidly focus on the performances of the AQGs and results of the comparisons.</p>

Metrological evaluation of efficiency and consumption of domestic gas cooking appliances

This study evaluates the results of efficiency and consumption tests on gas household appliances and their influence on the classification of the Brazilian Labeling Program. Historically, based on results in interlaboratory comparisons, there is a doubt concerning if the algorithms correct properly the differences among different altitudes. Data from efficiency and consumption tests were collected in two cities with different altitudes, and the proposed calculation methodology is compared with the traditional one. The results show that the arithmetic average, used in the calculation of the efficiency of the burners on the stove table, justifies being replaced by the weighted average, after evaluating the behaviour of the data and treating outliers. The uncertainty of the efficiency and consumption tests was not enough to change the classification range of the product's energy efficiency label. It is concluded that statistically a difference is observed between the results at sea level and at altitude above sea level; since the tests were applied by the same operator using the same apparatus, the only parameter that leaves a doubt is the algorithms for the correction of the altitude. Shortly, this study will be part of a revised Brazilian standard.

Method of controlling health safe levels of dimethyl dicarbonate content (DMDK, E-242) in the air of the working area

Existing in Ukraine sanitary legislation on the introduction of chemicals into the national economy provides for compliance with regulations. Since the control over the presence of DMDK in the air of the working area is carried out only with the help of indicator paper, there was a need to develop a gas chromatographic method for its determination in the air of the working area by modeling the conditions of industrial use of the drug. Aim of the Research. To analyze research from available sources of information on the peculiarities of the use of dimethyldicarbonate (E 242, Velcorin), as well as regulations for its use and control. Materials and Methods. Review and analysis of scientific publications, directives and regulations of the EU. Gas chromatography method. Materials: silochrome C-120, fraction 0,35–0,5 mm according to TU 6-09-1748; KSK brand silica gel according to GOST 3956; glass wool according to the current ND; DMDK, analytical standard, 99,9%, CAS 4525-33-1; acetonitrile, Sigma-Aldrich No 34851. Computer data processing system and metrological evaluation of the methodology. Results and Discussion. The conducted research allowed to offer a modern method of determining the levels of DMDK in the air of the working area by concentrating it and detecting it by gas chromatography. The developed method allows to control compliance with the levels of DMDK content in the air of the working area in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.1.016-79 “Air in the working area. Requirements for methods for measuring concentrations of harmful substances” at the level of ј the value of the hygienic standard. Conclusions. The proposed method of measuring the mass concentrations of DMDK is based on the use of gas chromatography using a flame ionization detector (FID). It allows to determine Velcorin in the range of mass concentrations from 0,1 to 0,5 mg/m3, the lower limit of its quantitative determination makes 0,1 mg/m3 at selection of 5 m3 of air. The relative standard deviation when using this method is 1,41%, the confidence limits of the random error — 0,04%, the total error of the measurement result — 12,24%, not exceeding + 25% and meeting the requirements of GOST 17.2.3.01-86. Keywords: dimethyldicarbonate, E242, Velcorin, air of the working area, gas chromatography method, indicator paper, ASLE, silochrome, flame ionization detector, sorption tubes, acetonitrile, chromatograms, metrological evaluation, concentration, detection.