Persistent vegetative state: an overview

Background Disorder of consciousness diagnosis, especially when is classified as persistent vegetative state (without misestimating the other diagnosis classifications), in the intensive care is an important diagnosis to evaluate and treat. Persistent vegetative state diagnosis is a challenge in the daily clinical practice because the diagnosis is made mainly based upon the clinical history and the patient behavior observation. There are some specific criteria for this diagnosis, and this could be very tricky when the physician is not well trained. Main body We made a literature review regarding the persistent vegetative state diagnosis, clinical features, management, prognosis, and daily medical practice challenges while considering the bioethical issues and the family perspective about the patient status. The objective of this overview is to provide updated information regarding this clinical state’s features while considering the current medical literature available. Conclusions Regardless of the currently available guidelines and literature, there is still a lot of what we do not know about the persistent vegetative state. There is a lack of evidence regarding the optimal diagnosis and even more, about how to expect a natural history of this disorder of consciousness. It is important to recall that the patients (despite of their altered mental state diagnosis) should always be treated to avoid some of the intensive care unit long-stance complications.

MALIGNANT MELANOMA AND PREGNANCY

Malignant melanoma is one of the most frequent cancers diagnosed during pregnancy. Any pigmented skin lesions that change the color should be examined by an experienced dermatologist and if suspected, should be biopsied. Recent studies showed that malignant melanoma in pregnancy has not a worse outcome compared with non-pregnant state. Diagnosis of melanoma does not require an early delivery excepted pregnant patients with poor prognosis that need more aggressive treatment. Diagnosis and treatment need to be established in specialized centers with a multidisciplinary team. Pregnancy monitoring should be performed by team consisting of an obstetrician, a neonatologist and a specialist in fetal medicine.

Frequency response function shape differences as a sign of bricks elements destruction diagnostics

The knowledge of the dynamic state and structure of system allows describing its behavior and allows creating prognosis models of the system behavior in the function of dynamic evolution time, based on the model of the technical state symptoms growth. Most often, there are no known equations describing behaviors of the system in the function of dynamic evolution time, which accounts for the need to apply new tools to examine the dynamic state. In this article authors shows chosen problems of technical state diagnosis with the use of identification and technical diagnostics methods such as experimental modal analysis. Relations between methods of dynamic state evaluation and methods of technical state evaluation were indicated. Example modal analysis results illustrate the complexity of projecting dynamic state researches into diagnostic researches of state evaluation.