Equipment Performance, Costs and Constraints of Packaging and Transporting Rice Straw for Alternative Uses to Burning in the “Parc Natural l’Albufera de València” (Spain)

Rice straw is a residue that causes significant environmental problems, as burning it causes CO2 and ash emissions, while buried waste can cause issues associated with eutrophication. The extraction of straw from fields for alternative uses may contribute to solving these problems, but research into its economic viability is necessary. The straw can be used for crop mulching, biofuel, bedding for livestock, and so on. In this study, we analyse the work carried out by straw harvesting machines (rakes, balers, bundlers, and loaders) and calculate the costs of packing, road-siding, and transportation of the straw from the rice fields to stockage points in the producer area, as well as to locations outside of the rice production area, in order to assess the viability. The costs of all elemental operations were calculated. The costs of all the operations included between raking and unloading in the producer area stocking point ranged between 28.1 and 51 EUR t−1. These costs were compared with the price of rain-fed cereal straw (wheat and barley), which is the most abundant, noting that the years in which rain-fed cereal straw reached high prices, rice straw could serve as a competitive product; however, in years when the former is cheap, it would be necessary to subsidise the harvesting of rice straw.

Isomers of Terpyridine as Ligands in Coordination Polymers and Networks Containing Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II)

The use of divergent 4,2’:6’,4”- and 3,2’:6’,3”-terpyridine ligands as linkers and/or nodes in extended coordination assemblies has gained in popularity over the last decade. However, there is also a range of coordination polymers which feature 2,2’:6’,2”-terpyridine metal-binding domains. Of the remaining 45 isomers of terpyridine, few have been utilized in extended coordination arrays. Here, we provide an overview of coordination polymers and networks containing isomers of terpyridine and either zinc(II) and cadmium(II). Although the motivation for investigations of many of these systems is their luminescent behavior, we have chosen to focus mainly on structural details, and we assess to what extent assemblies are reproducible. We also consider cases where there is structural evidence for competitive product formation. A point that emerges is the lack of systematic investigations.

ASSISTANCE OF MSMES THROUGH PACKAGING AND MARKETING TRAINING BOTH ONLINE AND OFFLINE PEANUT PRODUCTS UMPET FLAVOR VARIANTS BECOME A COMPETITIVE PRODUCT IN SUKASARI VILLAGE

One of the duties of a lecturer is to perform a tri dharma of universities by carrying out community service activities. Community service activities are actually to improve the ability of citizens in the management, especially in the process of product packaging and marketing of umkm products, especially bean umpets that have variants of flavor. 1) This training starts from the manufacture of packaging, packaging loga, to packing according to standards and not forgetting from the marketing side we train especially marketing by using social media as well as the participants are proficient in running it, (2) Improving the welfare of the para through the improvement of skills obtained in this training so that every economic actor can improve his business results through modern packaging and extensive marketing through social media. The achievement of the training objectives is done through lecture methods as a theory, then mentoring, demonstration, exercises (tutorials), and Q&A. After the training activities are carried out monitoring or evaluation by the committee (lecturers and students) to see the progress of their business progress or not. Based on the questionnaire results from some residents who were participants, the training of packaging and marketing of peanut products online and offline community service is running lancer by the expected target. This training program can provide skills in making competitive product packaging and do product marketing, especially online through social media, both Facebook media, what up, and others. Obstacles that arise at the training stage can be overcome well through mentoring methods. Criticism and suggestions can be submitted from the results of this community service program, for the participants are expected to have the spirit and motivation in developing the business of bean umpet. For education, practitioners are expected always to be able to help and accompany the participants who have a business of bean umpet in sukasari village both theory and practice so that the need continues to grow and develop. For lppm campus through community service (P2M) should always motivate and become a facilitator of the service program in order to continue to run and develop as it should

ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF LOCAL AND FOREIGN RAW MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TRIMANGANESE TETRAOXIDE PIGMENT

In the course of continuation of scientific research in the development of Kazakhstani technology for the production of trimanganese tetraoxide pigment, there have been proposed new methods of analysis which make it possible to investigate new nanostructural materials sourced from local deposits. The results obtained are of practical importance and serve as the foundation for developing new technologically advanced domestic production of a competitive product that is in demand both on the national and international markets. The available methods are not able to highlight the particularity and diversity of Kazakhstani manganese ores due to the uneven distribution of manganese minerals and host (waste) rock, the quantitative ratio of rock-forming components and their variation instability. Methods of energy-dispersive analysis of manganese ores from Kazakhstani Zhaksylyk and Bogach deposits have been put forward, electronic micrographs, spectrograms of samples, diagrams of normalized distribution of elements on the surface of samples have been obtained and a comparative analysis with raw analogue samples of some foreign manufacturers has been performed.

Green Hotel as a Competitive Product: A Case Study at 5-Star Hotel in Bali

Today, tourists tend to choose hotels that consistently implement environmentally friendly practices. In accordance with this phenomenon, the concept of sustainable accommodation needs to apply the principles of environmental conservation, ecology, community empowerment, and the use of local products. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze Green Hotel as a Competitive Product. The problem of this study is “What green aspects do the hotel have that differentiate them from other competitors”? The population was 57 of five stars hotel in Bali that received THK Tourism Award. Meanwhile, 10 percent of the sample was determined by purposive sampling, and the data analysis method used was qualitative descriptive technique. The results showed that the product was developed from an ordinary characteristic to a greener specification. In response to green business practices, 100 per cent stated that adopting the practices can maintain the image of the hotel brand, serve as a competitive advantage, and make the company and employee performance more effective and efficient. Furthermore, the results showed that implementing environmentally friendly business practices are achieved by adopting local wisdom values.