Novel nano-architectured carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with phosphorous acid tags as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of multisubstituted 4H-pyran with indole moieties under mild conditions

A new nano-structured catalyst with phosphorus acid moieties, synthesized by the reaction of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and phosphorus acid under refluxing EtOH.

STUDY OF CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND ACID PHOSPHATASE IN PRE-AND POST-MENOPAUSAL WOMEN

Introduction: More than 75 million individuals overall experience the ill effects of osteoporosis of which 80 % for example 44 million are postmenopausal ladies. Osteoporosis is second just to cardiovascular disease as a main medicinal services issue, as per the World Health Organization. Around the world, the lifetime hazard for ladies to have an osteoporotic break is 30 – 40%. Menopauseis one of the most significant physiological occasions; it is identified with the suspension of ovarian capacity and the finish of conceptive cycle. The occurrence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal ladies keeps on expanding with continuously maturing populaces. Pre-menopause refers to a ladies' regenerative or rich life, from the main menstrual period to the last. Post-menopause is characterized as the time after menopause, in any event one year without a period. Osteoporosisis a dynamic infection which prompts the exhaustion in the bone structure with loss of bone mineral thickness (BMD) expanding the hazard factor of breaks throughout the years. High danger of creating osteoporosis is described by low BMD and shows a disintegration of the smaller scale engineering with the BMD is the consequence of a harmony between bone resorption because of osteoclasts and bone arrangement because of osteoblasts, during an on-going renovating process. Aim: Study of Calcium, Phosphorus, Acid Phosphatase and BMD T score in Pre-and Post-Menopausal Women. Material and Methods: The present study includes total 100 subjects that include 50 pre-menopausal women (age 35 to 45 years) and 50 post -menopause women (age 46 to 60 years). Blood samples were collected from the subjects were obtained for Calcium, Phosphorus and Acid Phosphatase from Medicine /Orthopaedics/ Obstetrics and Gynaecology Wards. Conclusion: Menopause is one of the most significant physiological occasions: it is identified with the end of ovarian capacity and the finish of conceptive cycle. The rate of osteoporosis in postmenopausal ladies keeps on expanding with continuously maturing populaces. Pre-menopause alludes to a lady's regenerative or prolific life, from the principal menstrual period to the last. Post-menopause is the time after menopause, in any event one year without a period. Beginning stage of menopause builds hazard for some postmenopausal wellbeing inconveniences, for example, osteoporosis, ischemic ailment, and ovarian malignancy, though later menopause is a hazard factor for endometrial and bosom disease. Abbreviation: Menopause, Osteoporosis, BMD T score, Calcium, Phosphorus, Acid phosphatase.

Activate sludge treatment of leachates from väätsa landfill, Estonia

Vfilitsa Landfill is the first sanitary landfill in Estonia that meets the requirements of theEU landfill directive. The landfill is dimensioned to serve about 130 000 inhabitants.The first stage of landfill (out of seven) was accomplished in 2000. Disposal of wasteswas started in November 2000. By now, the landfill contains: one hectare large disposalsite for domestic waste, composting area for organic waste and storage site forconstruction wastes. In Estonia, the collection of recyclables has not jet developed. InVfilitsa landfill, however, waste paper, glass and plastic are sorted. Organic waste is notseparated on-site, and this is the reason why the organic content (nutritive waste) ofgarbage is high. Currently, the landfill serves approximately 40 000 inhabitants.According to the requirements of the client, Veemaailm INC designed and built a twophase activated sludge leachate treatment plant. First phase of the treatment, extendedaeration, takes place in a container. In order to adjust the concentrations of biogenesis,Ortho Phosphorus Acid is added to the leachate. During the first phase, concentrations ofpollutants are decreased approximately by 1/3. The second phase of purification takesplace in oxidation lagoon.The leachate treatment plant worked effectively throughout the first year, both during thesummer with high temperatures, and winter with low temperatures. During the firstoperating year, the main expenses were: energy for blowers, phosphorus acid for nutrientadjustment, and exchange oil for blowers. The analysis of the first operating year showsthat BOD has decreased more than 95%, COD approximately 90% and N on an average60 %. The activated sludge process also reduced the concentrations of some heavymetals.