scholarly journals Parasitoids of Agricultural Importance Collected at Atlantic Forest Biomes in Brazil: A Bibliographic Summary

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marchiori C H
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Original Area

Its ecological processes evolved from the eocene, when the continents were already relatively willing as they are today . Currently, the Atlantic Forest has only 7%. of its original area Parasitoids are organisms that cause the death of their hosts to complete their development and act as parasites only in the larval stage, when they develop in only one host, with adults having a free life.This manuscript consists of the elaboration of a bibliographic summary of the parasitoids collected in Atlantic Forest biomes. A bibliographic research was carried out that contained published works in the years 2002 to 2021.

scholarly journals Attraction to conspecifcs in Rhinella icterica and R. ornata tadpoles (Anura: Bufonidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Polettini Neto ◽  
Jaime Bertoluci
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Innate Behavior

Abstract: Tadpoles are able to perceive and discriminate signals from environment and they may use this ability in behaviors and ecological processes. Recognition mechanisms may be involved in schooling by means of attraction among individuals, characterizing a social process. By means of laboratory experiments the present study investigated the presence or absence of attraction to conspecifics in tadpoles of Rhinella icterica and R. ornata, two sympatric species from the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil. We collected eggs of these two species in the field and reared them in laboratory according to two different methods (isolated or in groups of siblings). Tadpoles were submitted to experiments of choice between conspecifics, heterospecifics, and an empty compartment. Rhinella icterica tadpoles preferred to associate with conspecifics rather than R. ornata tadpoles, and we verified this is an innate behavior. Rhinella ornata tadpoles failed to discriminate between conspecifics and R. icterica tadpoles. When submitted to choice between a group of tadpoles of the other species and an empty compartment, R. icterica tadpoles presented random distribution, while R. ornata tadpoles preferred to associate with heterospecifics. Our results indicate R. icterica tadpoles have preference to associate with conspecifics, while R. ornata tadpoles may school indiscriminately. This study contributes for a better understanding of larval anuran social behavior.

scholarly journals Floristic composition of Melastomataceae between reforested and natural areas in the Recife Atlantic Forest, Pernambuco, Brazil

Biotemas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson Rodrigues Maciel ◽  
Yuri de Souza Vieira Couceiro
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Forest Flora ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Family ◽  
The City

Local extinction of native Atlantic Forest flora species occurs mainly due to habitat fragmentation. Reforestation and natural regeneration can mitigate these factors. The present study attempts to understand whether floristic composition and dispersal processes are being reestablished in an area of lowland Atlantic Forest, eight years after its reforestation. The study area was an old pasture set between two urban fragments in the city of Recife that was reforested in 2011. Melastomataceae species were collected in this area and the morphology of their fruits was compared with the species of the family recorded in the adjacent fragments. Miconia prasina, M. albicans, M. affinis, Clidemia hirta, and C. capitellata have been found in the reforested area. Although there are species with larger fruits in the adjacent fragments, there was no statistically significant difference between the means of the two areas. The fruit morphology indicates that the species found in the area are dispersed by birds and small mammals. It is possible to conclude that the reforested area already presents the expected ecological processes for a corridor between two fragments. Thus, the two adjacent areas serve as vectors for the colonization of native Atlantic Forest species in the reforested area.

scholarly journals Medium and Large-sized Mammals of the Municipality of Pirajuí, São Paulo, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rafael Martos-Martins ◽  
Sarah Carolina Barbosa Cassa ◽  
Rafael Gustavo Capinzaiki Ottonicar ◽  
Isabella Brosens Barros ◽  
Reginaldo José Donatelli
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Local Extinctions

Mammals play an important ecological role and are related to several ecological processes. The objective of the study was to list medium and large-sized mammals species which occur in the municipality of Pirajuí, SP. The study was carried out in an urban area, roads that run through rural areas and in small fragments of Atlantic Forest.  The data were obtained during a period of three years by different methods: direct observation, footprints records and by camera traps. We recorded 18 medium and large-sized mammals species belonging to 13 families and eight orders, representing 40% of medium and large-sized mammals species that occur in the State of São Paulo. Carnivora was the order with the highest number of representatives, with seven species. Thereby, the study provides important data about the occurrence of certain species of mammals in these often-neglected environments, where the lack of knowledge may lead to a future local extinctions.

Griffinia meerowiana, a remarkable new species of Amaryllidaceae from Espírito Santo state, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 344 (3) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTONIO CAMPOS-ROCHA ◽  
JOÃO SEMIR ◽  
MAURO PEIXOTO ◽  
JULIE HENRIETTE ANTOINETTE DUTILH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Variable Length ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Large White ◽  
Center Of Diversity ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Reticulate Venation ◽  
Main Center ◽  
Original Area

The Atlantic Forest, known for its high biodiversity and endemism levels, now reduced to about 7% of its original area (Myers et al. 2000, Oliveira-Filho & Fontes 2000, Ribeiro et al. 2009), is the main center of diversity for Griffinia Ker Gawler (1820: t. 444). The genus is represented by about sixteen species (Preuss 1999, Campos-Rocha 2015, Campos-Rocha et al. 2017), the majority considered threatened with extinction (MMA 2014). Griffinia is morphologically characterized by having usually pseudopetiolate leaves with reticulate venation, bluish or sometimes white zygomorphic flowers with a hypanthium of variable length, and whitish globose seeds lacking phytomelanin in the testa and with an elaiosome. Currently, it is divided into two subgenera, Griffinia, and Hyline (Herbert 1840: t. 3779) Ravenna (1969: 63), with several ecological and morphological differences (Preuss 1999, Campos-Rocha 2015), though they may not constitute monophyletic groups (Meerow et al. 2000). Subgenus Griffinia, with about fourteen small to large-sized species, are generally understory plants of the Atlantic Forest, with pseudopetiolate leaves and bluish or occasionally white flowers. Subgenus Hyline has two recognized species of the understory of Cerrado and Caatinga primarily, with fragrant and ephemeral large white flowers, rarely pink (Preuss 1999, Campos-Rocha 2015). Griffinia, together with the monotypic genus Worsleya Traub (1944: 89), constitute a strongly supported clade (Meerow et al. 2000), tribe Griffinieae Ravenna (1974: 65), the only Amaryllidaceae tribe endemic to Brazil.

scholarly journals Geographic reconstruction of a Central-West Brazilian landscape devastated during the first half of the 20th century: Mato Grosso de Goiás

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Christian Della Giustina ◽  
Sandro Dutra e Silva ◽  
Eder de Souza Martins
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Original Area

In the history of humanity, there are various accounts of ecosystems that were devastated to the detriment of scientific knowledge. In Brazil, the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes are emblematic of this phenomenon. Specifically, within the latter, an environment consisting predominantly of savanna, a large tropical forest enclave existed, known as Mato Grosso de Goiás. This ecosystem was almost devastated by the Brazilian land expansion policies during the first half of the 20th century. The objective of this study is to estimate the extent of the original area of the Mato Grosso de Goiás ecosystem through integration of historical and cartographic data using geoprocessing techniques. The original area was estimated around 26,391 km². These data can aid in the planning of conservation policies for the Cerrado biome. In addition, the used methodology can be adapted to similar studies, especially in the field of environmental science.

scholarly journals TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION IN A SECONDARY BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FOREST SUGGESTS SITE-SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jônio Pizzol Caliman ◽  
Geraldo Gonçalves dos Reis ◽  
Maria das Graças Ferreira Reis ◽  
Helio Garcia Leite ◽  
Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Recovery Capacity ◽  
Site Variation ◽  
Forest Remnants

ABSTRACT The diameter distribution of a forest makes it possible to understand its ecological processes and to define actions related to forest management aiming at forest conservation, biodiversity increase, production, and carbon sequestration, among others. This study aimed to identify variation in the diameter distribution in a secondary Atlantic Forest, as a function of sites, over 24 years. The diameter at 1.3 m in height (dbh) was measured for each tree over 5.0 cm dbh, in ten sites, from 1992 to 2016. It was analyzed the quadratic mean diameter (Dq), the Dq annual periodic increment (APIDq), the Liocourt’s Quotient (q), and the diameter distribution with Meyer’s exponential model. The average APIDq over 24 years was 0.03 cm year-1, an average increase of 0.21%, with site variation ranging from 0.74% to -0.45%. The diameter distribution of the forest as a whole maintained the reverse J-shaped over 24-years. When the sites in each inventory year were analyzed, the variation in the diameter distribution was evident, and there were differences in the recovery capacity of the reverse J-shaped distribution from 1992 to 2016. The overall results indicate that, whenever possible, the management plan to recover the structure of the Atlantic Forest remnants should be site-specific, particularly in the mountainous region where the environmental conditions are quite diverse.

scholarly journals Biodiversity-friendly agricultural practices in the Indigenous Agricultural Systems in the Biodiversity Corridor of the Alto Paraná Atlantic Forest (Paraguay)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Vargas Lehner ◽  
Ruth Tiffer Sotomayor ◽  
Alejandrino Díaz ◽  
Alberto Yanosky
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Livestock Raising ◽  
Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest

Agricultural systems result of the coevolution between social and natural systems,  where biodiversity and natural resources play an important role, emerging interactions between crops and the natural environment that allow the development of ecological processes  which interact with external inputs. This research aims to describe the agricultural practices developed by the Guarani  Indigenous  People in the agricultural systems located within the biodiversity corridor of the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest. This exploratory  study is focused on multiple cases, with a qualitative approach and data were collected during 2017 and 2018 in  eleven  indigenous communities. The main practices developed for the management of biodiversity are polyculture, rotation, and embroideries; they also practice agroforestry and livestock-raising. The main difficulty they face is the reduction of the surrounding biodiversity, which affects the sustainability of the system. This study shows ways for nature-based solutions and ecosystem-based adaptation according to current needs for greening the economy. 

scholarly journals Amphibians and reptiles of Parque Nacional da Serra das Lontras: an important center of endemism within the Atlantic Forest in southern Bahia, Brazil

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1002 ◽  
pp. 159-185
Author(s):  
Omar Rojas-Padilla ◽  
Vinícius Queiroz Menezes ◽  
Iuri Ribeiro Dias ◽  
Antônio Jorge Suzart Argôlo ◽  
Mirco Solé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Important Center

Information gaps about species distribution hamper the evaluation of conservation status and decisions on biodiversity conservation, affecting to a greater extent, areas with high species richness and endemism. In this context, biological inventories are an important tool to fill these gaps by providing data on the composition, richness, and abundance of species in each locality. The Parque Nacional da Serra das Lontras (PNSL) protects various mountain range just up 1000 m. in altitude, and, together with other conservation units, forms an ecological corridor in the southern part of the state of Bahia, within the Atlantic Forest hotspot. We conducted systematic samplings on transects, and opportunistic records in ponds and streams, in order to record amphibian and reptile species in the PNSL. We complement the sampling with the information available in the literature and in scientific collections. A total of 100 species (49 amphibians and 51 reptiles) was recorded, 53 of them endemic to the Atlantic Forest, 13 to the state of Bahia, and two known only from the PNSL. Hylidae was the most diverse family of amphibians (22 spp.) and Colubridae of reptiles (33 spp.). New information on the distribution and natural history of these species is provided, many of which have not yet been assessed by the IUCN while others have already been categorized as at risk of extinction at the regional level. Results confirm the high species richness and rates of endemism in southern Bahia and highlight the importance of protecting high altitude areas for the preservation of evolutionary and ecological processes within the Atlantic Forest.

The early development of antenna and antennal sensilla in the noctuid moth, Agrotis segetum (Insecta: Lepidoptera)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-503
Author(s):  
Eric Hallberg ◽  
Lina Hansén
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Agrotis Segetum ◽  
Antennal Sensilla ◽  
Noctuid Moth ◽  
Standard Procedures

The antennal rudiments in lepidopterous insects are present as disks during the larval stage. The tubular double-walled antennal disk is present beneath the larval antenna, and its inner layer gives rise to the adult antenna during the pupal stage. The sensilla develop from a cluster of cells that are derived from one stem cell, which gives rise to both sensory and enveloping cells. During the morphogenesis of the sensillum these cells undergo major transformations, including cell death. In the moth Agrotis segetum the pupal stage lasts about 14 days (temperature, 25°C). The antennae, clearly seen from the exterior, were dissected and fixed according to standard procedures (3 % glutaraldehyde in 0.15 M cacaodylate buffer, followed by 1 % osmiumtetroxide in the same buffer). Pupae from day 1 to day 8, of both sexes were studied.

Dereplication of Brazilian plants from Cerrado and Atlantic Forest using NMR virtual design and hyphenated techniques

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Castro-Gamboa ◽  
R Burgos ◽  
P Cardoso ◽  
F Carnevale ◽  
A Pilon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Hyphenated Techniques ◽  
Virtual Design
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