UJI MULTILOKASI GALUR HARAPAN TEMBAKAU MADURA

<p>Produksi rokok di Indonesia mcngarah ke rokok ringan sehingga kebutuhan tembakau bermutu baik dan ingan meningkat. Bahan baku utama yang semakin banyak dibutuhkan adalah tembakau madura. Untuk memperbaiki mutu dan mengurangi kadar nikotinnya, tembakau madura disilangkan dengan tembakau oriental. Sebanyak 9 galur harapan telah diperoleh dan diuji multilokasi bcrsama Prancak-95 sebagai pembanding. Pada tahun 2002 pengujian dilaksanakan di (1) Palalang 1 dan (2) Bajang, Kecamatan Pakong, Kabupaten Pamekasan seta (3) Guluk-guluk, Kecamatan Guluk-guluk, Kabupaten Sumenep. Pada tahun 2003 pengujian dilanjutkan di (1) Palalang 2, Kecamatan Pakong, Kabupaten Pamekasan seta (2) Bakeong dan (3) Por-dapor, Kecamatan Guluk-guluk, Kabupaten Sumenep. Pengujian di setiap lokasi menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Data dari semua percobaan dianalisis menggunakan program MSTAT. Anova menggunakan model 2 tahun, setiap tahun lokasi bcrubah. Analisis stabilitas'menggunakan mctode F.bcrhat dan Russell (1966). Tidak ada interaksi antara genotipe dengan lahun atau lokasi. Galur yang mempunyai nikotin lebih rendah dari Prancak-95 adalah 90/1 (2%) dan 93/2 (1.76%), masing-masing berkurang 13 dan 24% dai Prancak-95. Kedua galur tersebut stabil dan beradaptasi luas, galur 93/2 potensi hasilnya 0.892 ton/ha atau meningkat 11% dari Prancak-95, sedangkan 90/1 potensinya 0.798 ton/ha.</p><p>Kata kunci: Tembakau, tembakau madura, uji multilokasi, nikotin rendah, Madura</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT </strong></p><p><strong>Multilocation test ofpromising madura tobacco lines</strong></p><p>The production of Indonesian cigaretes tends to the production of mild cigarete, so that the demand for higher quality and lighter tobacco increases. The demand for madura tobacco as the main raw mateial also increases. To improve its quality and to reduce its nicotine content, madura tobacco was crossed to oriental tobacco. Nine promising lines were produced and tested at multilocation together with Prancak-95 as a control. The multilocation tests were conducted in 2002 in (1) Palalang 1 and (2) Bajang, Pakong Distict, Pamekasan Regency, and in (3) Guluk-guluk, Guluk-guluk Distict, Sumenep Regency. In 2003 the tests were continued in (1) Palalang 2, Pakong District, Pamekasan Regency ; (2) Bakeong and (3) Por-dapor, Guluk-guluk District, Sumenep Regency. The tests in each location used a randomized block design with three replications. Data collected from all tests were analyzed using MSTAT Program. Anova was itted to model for 2 year tests, each year the location was changed. F.bcrhart and Russell method (1966) was used for stability analysis. There was no interaction between genotype and the year as well as the location. The tobacco lines that had lower nicotine content than Prancak-95 were 90/1 (2%) and 93/2 (1.76%). Their nicotine contents were lower than that of Prancak 95 by 13% and 24% respectively. The two lines were stable and broad adapted. Line 93/2 had yield potency 0.892 ton/ha higher by 1 1% than that of Pancak-95, while the yield potency of line 90/1 was 0.798 ton/ha.</p><p>Key words: Tobacco, madura tobacco, multilocation test, low nicotine, Madur</p>

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Tobacco Cessation among Undergraduate Students of a Dental College

The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of tobacco cessation among undergraduate students of a dental college. Key words: Tobacco Cessation, Dental Students.

PAJAK TEMBAKAU: PERMASALAHAN PRODUKSI ROKOK ILEGAL DI INDONESIA

Tax which can influencea country’s economy and society’s prosperity, namely through increasing health and revenue objectives (UN 2018 p. 40), such as tobacco tax. In Indonesia, the revenue from tobacco tax had been increasing from 2007 to 2018. This paper argues that Indonesia should tax the informal tobacco firms based several strategies. The contributors of Indonesian illicit cigarettes are 90 percent from domestic industries and 10 percent from oversea industries. The possible factors which cause the illicit cigarettes are Indonesian complex tax structure and negative behaviour of cigarettes firms. To solve the issues, the Indonesian government should conduct several strategies. First, analysing cost and benefit of taxing the informal sectors. Second, after deciding to tax the informal sectors, five tax reforms policies should be implemented by the Indonesian government, namely the capability of the revenue administration, the pragmatic approach, technical approach, firms’ incentive approach, and political and administrative incentive approaches. Key words: Tobacco tax, Informal Sector, National Revenue

How to face the association between tobacco and psychosis?

Evidences suggest an association between tobacco and psychosis. However, the reasons why people with psychosis have a higher tendency to smoke than the general population are not yet clear. Recently, Gurillo et al. reported that daily use of tobacco is associated with an increased risk of psychotic disorder and an earlier age of onset of psychotic illness. His study also calculated a significant mean difference in age at onset, expressed in years, and estimated the prevalence of smoking in people with their first episode of psychosis. According to this and other findings, it could be said that the causes of the smoking-schizophrenia association are complex and cannot be explained solely as a result of some aspect of schizophrenia. Thus, new studies in this area are needed, as well as strategies that look for the monitoring of smoking effects in order to reduce it among individuals with schizophrenia. Key-words: Tobacco, Psychosis, Illness.

DELGOLD: A NEW FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

Delgold is a superior flue-cured tobacco cultivar developed at the Agriculture Canada Research Station, Delhi, Ontario. Compared to Virginia 115, the cultivar commonly grown for many years prior to 1981, Delgold has superior grade quality and color, lower lamina weight, higher leaf total alkaloids (15–18%) and higher yield (10–12%). In addition, Delgold has a lower level of total particulate matter (TPM) and a lower tar: nicotine ratio than Virginia 115.Key words: Tobacco, Nicotinia tabacum, Nicotina rustica, tar:nicotine ratio, breeding, cultivar description

Prevalence of Tobacco Consumption in a Rural Community of Bangladesh

This cross sectional study was conducted in a rural community of Sreepur Thana during the month of November 2007. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of tobacco consumption in the study area and observe some other associated variables. Respondents of both sexes aged 15 years and above were considered. The estimated sample size was 550 out of which 426 were found to be consumers of tobacco. Majority of the study population were males (68.4%). Illiteracy was found in 34.7% of the respondents. Most of them had some type of small business (38.2%) and a monthly expenditure between Tk.3001-6000 in 44% of the households. Prevalence of tobacco usuer was estimated to be 77.5%. Of them, 59% were smokers and 41% chewers. The most common form of smoking and chewing was found to be cigarette (69%) and jarda (94.6%) respectively. A large percentage of the respondents (94%) knew about the adverse health effects caused by consumption of tobacco. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2008; 2(2): 58-60 Key Words: Tobacco consumption, smoking, rural community. doi: 10.3329/imcj.v2i2.2939