Neuropsychology of posteromedial parietal cortex and conversion factors from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s disease: systematic search and state-of-the-art review

AbstractIn the present review, we discuss the rationale and the clinical implications of assessing visuospatial working memory (VSWM), awareness of memory deficits, and visuomotor control in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). These three domains are related to neural activity in the posteromedial parietal cortex (PMC) whose hypoactivation seems to be a significant predictor of conversion from MCI to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as indicated by recent neuroimaging evidence. A systematic literature search was performed up to May 2021. Forty-eight studies were included: 42 studies provided analytical cross-sectional data and 6 studies longitudinal data on conversion rates. Overall, these studies showed that patients with MCI performed worse than healthy controls in tasks assessing VSWM, awareness of memory deficits, and visuomotor control; in some cases, MCI patients’ performance was comparable to that of patients with overt dementia. Deficits in VSWM and metamemory appear to be significant predictors of conversion. No study explored the relationship between visuomotor control and conversion. Nevertheless, it has been speculated that the assessment of visuomotor abilities in subjects at high AD risk might be useful to discriminate patients who are likely to convert from those who are not. Being able to indirectly estimate PMC functioning through quick and easy neuropsychological tasks in outpatient settings may improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy, and therefore, the quality of the MCI patient’s management.

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P3-132: Motivational reserve as risk factor in the development of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: Cross-sectional and longitudinal data

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2009.04.1107 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (4S_Part_13) ◽

pp. P383-P383

Author(s):

Simon Forstmeier ◽

Michael Wagner ◽

Wolfgang Maier ◽

Hendrik Van Den Bussche ◽

Birgitt Wiese ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Longitudinal Data ◽

Cross Sectional

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Perceived Stress is Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in African Americans with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-200089 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 843-853

Author(s):

Antoine R. Trammell ◽

Darius J. McDaniel ◽

Malik Obideen ◽

Maureen Okafor ◽

Tiffany L. Thomas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

African Americans ◽

Racial Differences ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: African Americans (AA) have a higher Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prevalence and report more perceived stress than White Americans. The biological basis of the stress-AD link is unclear. This study investigates the connection between stress and AD biomarkers in a biracial cohort. Objective: Establish biomarker evidence for the observed association between stress and AD, especially in AA. Methods: A cross-sectional study (n = 364, 41.8% AA) administering cognitive tests and the perceived stress scale (PSS) questionnaire. A subset (n = 309) provided cerebrospinal fluid for measurement of Aβ42, Tau, Ptau, Tau/Aβ42 (TAR), and Ptau/Aβ42 (PTAR). Multivariate linear regression, including factors that confound racial differences in AD, was performed. Results: Higher PSS scores were associated with higher Ptau (β= 0.43, p = 0.01) and PTAR (β= 0.005, p = 0.03) in AA with impaired cognition (mild cognitive impairment). Conclusion: Higher PSS scores were associated with Tau-related AD biomarker indices in AA/MCI, suggesting a potential biological connection for stress with AD and its racial disparity.

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Gait analysis with videogrammetry can differentiate healthy elderly, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease: A cross-sectional study

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2019.110816 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 131 ◽

pp. 110816 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Felipe de Oliveira Silva ◽

José Vinícius Ferreira ◽

Jéssica Plácido ◽

Daniel Chagas ◽

Jomilto Praxedes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Gait Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthy Elderly

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A cross-sectional comparison of brain glucose and ketone metabolism in cognitively healthy older adults, mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2017.07.004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 107 ◽

pp. 18-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

E. Croteau ◽

C.A. Castellano ◽

M. Fortier ◽

C. Bocti ◽

T. Fulop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Older Adults ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Brain Glucose ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Early Alzheimer’S Disease

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Frequency and subgroups of neuropsychiatric symptoms in mild cognitive impairment and different stages of dementia in Alzheimer's disease

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610217001879 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 103-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

N. Siafarikas ◽

G. Selbaek ◽

T. Fladby ◽

J. Šaltytė Benth ◽

E. Auning ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽

Small Sample ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional

ABSTRACTBackground:Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), such as depression, apathy, agitation, and psychotic symptoms are common in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Subgroups of NPS have been reported. Yet the relationship of NPS and their subgroups to different stages of cognitive impairment is unclear. Most previous studies are based on small sample sizes and show conflicting results. We sought to examine the frequency of NPS and their subgroups in MCI and different stages of dementia in AD.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study using data from a Norwegian national registry of memory clinics. From a total sample of 4,571 patients, we included those with MCI or AD (MCI 817, mild AD 883, moderate–severe AD 441). To compare variables across groups ANOVA or χ2-test was applied. We used factor analysis of Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) items to identify subgroups of NPS.Results:The frequency of any NPS was 87.2% (AD 91.2%, MCI 79.5%; p < 0.001) and increased with increasing severity of cognitive decline. The most frequent NPS in MCI was depression. Apathy was the most frequent NPS in AD across different stages of severity. The factor analysis identified three subgroups in MCI and mild AD, and a fourth one in moderate–severe AD. We labelled the subgroups “depression,” “agitation,” “psychosis,” and “elation.”Conclusions:The frequency of NPS is high in MCI and AD and increases with the severity of cognitive decline. The subgroups of NPS were relatively consistent from MCI to moderate-severe AD. The subgroup elation appeared only in moderate-severe AD.

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The Use Of The Hungarian Test Your Memory (Tym-Hun), Mmse And Adas-Cog Tests For Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment (Mci) In A Hungarian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-16948/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Szabolcs Garbóczy ◽

Éva Magócs ◽

Gergő Szőllősi ◽

Szilvia Harsányi ◽

Égerházi Anikó ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Early Stage ◽

Disease Process ◽

Disease Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hungarian Population

Abstract BACKGROUND Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a growing disease process with aging. If we could recognize the disease at an early stage and increase the number of years spent in a better condition through preventive and treatment measures, we could reduce the pressure both directly on families and indirectly on society. There is a need for testing methods that are easy to perform even in general practitioner’s office, inexpensive and non-invasive, which could help early recognition of mental decline. We have selected Test Your Memory (TYM), which has proven to be reliable for detecting AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in several countries. Our study was designed to test the usability of the TYM-HUN comparing with the ADAS-Cog (Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale) in MCI recognition in the Hungarian population. METHODS TYM test was translated and validated into Hungarian (TYM-HUN). The TYM-HUN test was used in conjunction with and compared with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the ADAS-Cog. For our study, 50 subjects were selected, 25 MCI patients and 25 healthy controls. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the scores of MMSE and ADAS-Cog with TYM-HUN. RESULTS MCI can be distinguished from AD and normal aging using ADAS-Cog and MMSE is a useful tool to detect dementia. We established a 'cut-off' point of TYM-HUN (44/45points) where optimal sensitivity and specificity values were obtained to screen MCI. The total TYM-HUN scores significantly correlated with the MMSE scores (ρ=0.626; p<0.001) and ADAS-Cog scores (ρ=-0.723; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that the Hungarian version of TYM (TYM-HUN) is an easy, fast, self-administered questionnaire with the right low threshold regarding MCI and can be used for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment.

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The use of the Hungarian Test Your Memory (TYM-HUN), MMSE, and ADAS-Cog tests for patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in a Hungarian population: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-18916/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Szabolcs Garbóczy ◽

Éva Magócs ◽

Gergő Szőllősi ◽

Szilvia Harsányi ◽

Égerházi Anikó ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Disease Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation

Abstract BACKGROUND: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often presages the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accurate and early identification of cognitive impairment will substantially reduce the burden on the family and alleviate the costs for the whole society. There is a need for testing methods that are easy to perform even in a general practitioner’s office, inexpensive and non-invasive, which could help the early recognition of mental decline. We have selected Test Your Memory (TYM), which has proven to be reliable for detecting AD and MCI in several countries. Our study was designed to test the usability of the TYM-HUN comparing with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) in MCI recognition in the Hungarian population.METHODS: TYM test was translated and validated into Hungarian (TYM-HUN) in a previous study. The TYM-HUN test was used in conjunction with and compared with the MMSE and the ADAS-Cog. For our study, 50 subjects were selected: 25 MCI patients and 25 healthy controls (HC). Spearman’s rank correlation was used to analyse the correlation between the scores of MMSE and ADAS-Cog with TYM-HUN.RESULTS: MCI can be distinguished from normal aging using TYM-HUN. We established a 'cut-off' point of TYM-HUN (44/45points) where optimal sensitivity (80%) and specificity (92%) values were obtained to screen MCI. The total TYM-HUN scores significantly correlated with the MMSE scores (ρ=0.626; p<0.001) and ADAS-Cog scores (ρ=-0.723; p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that the Hungarian version of TYM (TYM-HUN) is a reliable, fast, self-administered questionnaire with the right low threshold regarding MCI and can be used for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment.

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The use of the Hungarian Test Your Memory (TYM-HUN), MMSE, and ADAS-Cog tests for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a Hungarian population: a cross-sectional study

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-020-02982-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Szabolcs Garbóczy ◽

Éva Magócs ◽

Gergő József Szőllősi ◽

Szilvia Harsányi ◽

Anikó Égerházi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Disease Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hungarian Population

Abstract Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often presages the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Accurate and early identification of cognitive impairment will substantially reduce the burden on the family and alleviate the costs for the whole society. There is a need for testing methods that are easy to perform even in a general practitioner’s office, inexpensive and non-invasive, which could help the early recognition of mental decline. We have selected the Test Your Memory (TYM), which has proven to be reliable for detecting AD and MCI in several countries. Our study was designed to test the usability of the Hungarian version of the TYM (TYM-HUN) comparing with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) in MCI recognition in the Hungarian population. Methods TYM test was translated and validated into Hungarian (TYM-HUN) in a previous study. The TYM-HUN test was used in conjunction with and compared with the MMSE and the ADAS-Cog. For our study, 50 subjects were selected: 25 MCI patients and 25 healthy controls (HC). Spearman’s rank correlation was used to analyse the correlation between the scores of MMSE and ADAS-Cog with TYM-HUN and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established. Results MCI can be distinguished from normal aging using TYM-HUN. We established a ‘cut-off’ point of TYM-HUN (44/45points) where optimal sensitivity (80%) and specificity (96%) values were obtained to screen MCI. The total TYM-HUN scores significantly correlated with the MMSE scores (ρ = 0.626; p < 0.001) and ADAS-Cog scores (ρ = − 0.723; p < 0.001). Conclusions Our results showed that the TYM-HUN is a reliable, fast, self-administered questionnaire with the right low threshold regarding MCI and can be used for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment.

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