fat processing
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2022 ◽  
pp. 557-567
Author(s):  
Menon R. Ravindra ◽  
Monika Sharma ◽  
Rajesh Krishnegowda ◽  
Amanchi Sangma
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  

Author(s):  
Г.Ю. Климентова

В свете ухудшающихся экологических условий устанавливаются требования по минимизации сбросов и утилизации опасных отходов предприятий для снижения негативного воздействия на окружающую среду.Нефтехимическую промышленность можно отнести к одному из наибольших источников загрязнений. Объем выбросов предприятий зависит не только от мощности технологического оборудования, его качества, но и от систем очистки сточных вод, отработанных газов и систем утилизации отходов. Каждое предприятие выбрасывает в окружающую среду вещества, которые являются «отпечатком» данного производства. При сохранении основного состава загрязняющих веществ в выбросах и сточных водах этот набор компонентов остается практически одинаковым. Наращивание мощностей производства приводит также к росту количества промышленных отходов, представляющих опасность для окружающей среды. Многие нефтехимические предприятия разрабатывают и внедряют мероприятия, направленные на повышение экологичности производства, что соответствует стратегии устойчивого развития. При этом планируются не только модернизация и усовершенствование технологических процессов, внедрение безотходных и ресурсосберегающих технологий, но и использование современных методов минимизации сбросов. В данной статье на примере крупнотоннажных производств фенола и ацетона, этилена, жироперерабатывающего производства рассмотрены возможные выбросы, загрязняющие воздушный и водные бассейны. Приведен обзор исследований, направленных на выделение ценных компонентов загрязнений и возврата их в технологический цикл или утилизацию, с получением целевых продуктов для дальнейшего использования. Рассмотрены способы, внедрение которых позволит повысить степень очистки газообразных выбросов и сточных вод с технологических установок, и приведет к улучшению экологической обстановки. In light of the deteriorating environmental conditions, requirements are established to minimize discharges and utilize hazardous waste from enterprises to reduce the negative impact on the environment. The petrochemical industry can be attributed to one of the largest sources of pollution. The volume of emissions from enterprises depends not only on the capacity of technological equipment, its quality, but also on wastewater treatment systems, waste gases and waste disposal systems. Each enterprise emits substances into the environment that are the "imprint" of this production. While maintaining the basic composition of pollutants in emissions and wastewater, this set of components remains practically the same. The increase in production capacity also leads to an increase in the amount of industrial waste that is dangerous to the environment. Many petrochemical enterprises develop and implement measures aimed at improving the environmental friendliness of production, which is in line with the strategy of sustainable development. At the same time, it is planned not only to modernize and improve technological processes, to introduce waste-free and resource-saving technologies, but also to use modern methods of minimizing discharges. In this article, using the example of large-scale production of phenol and acetone, ethylene, fat-processing production, possible emissions that pollute the air and water basins are considered. An overview of studies aimed at the isolation of valuable components of pollution and their return to the technological cycle or utilization, with the receipt of target products for further use, is given. Methods are considered, the introduction of which will increase the degree of purification of gaseous emissions and wastewater from technological installations, and will lead to an improvement in the environmental situation.


Author(s):  
Н.Д. Айсунгуров ◽  
А.А. Эльмурзаев

В статье приводятся аналитические данные по эффективности диверсификации процессов переработки сырья агропромышленного комплекса, указана необходимость модернизации промышленного оборудования, в соответствии с развитием современных технологий в области цифровизации промышленных процессов переработки сырья. Также приведен сравнительный анализ курдючного жира относительно бараньего и говяжьего жира. Показана эффективность переработки животного жира, с последующим гранулированием, после предварительного копчения на опытной установке и целесообразность гранулирования в плане удобства пользования для потребителя. The article provides analytical data on the efficiency of diversification of the processing of raw materials in the agro-industrial complex, indicates the need to modernize industrial equipment, in accordance with the development of modern technologies in the field of digitalization of industrial processes for processing raw materials. A comparative analysis of fat tail fat versus lamb and beef fat is also provided. The efficiency of animal fat processing, followed by granulation, after preliminary smoking in a pilot plant, and the feasibility of granulation in terms of ease of use for the consumer are shown.


Author(s):  
Xiaonan Yang ◽  
Jonathan P Brower ◽  
Lauren Kokai ◽  
Beth R Gusenoff ◽  
Jeffrey A Gusenoff

Abstract Background Many techniques and devices have been developed to improve small volume fat grafting efficiency and consistency for use in the operating room and outpatient procedure room. These methods require cumbersome or messy processing to remove excess oil and fluid from adipose graft. Objectives The aim of this study was to compare fat processing efficiency of a novel hand-held device, the Push-to-Spin (P2S™) system, to other common processing techniques and validate tissue quality after lipoaspirate processing. Methods Human lipoaspirate samples were processed using one of three experimental methods, including cotton gauze (Telfa) rolling, centrifugation (Coleman technique), or using the P2S™ system. Efficiency of fat processing was evaluated by total processing time, fat harvest ratio, and fat processed ratio. Histological examination and immunohistochemical staining were used to compare tissue morphology and adipocyte viability, respectively. Experimental samples were compared to unprocessed lipoaspirate controls. Results Lipoaspirate processing was significantly faster using the P2S™ device compared with other techniques. All three methods achieved similar fat harvest and fat processing ratios. Additionally, the P2S™, Telfa, and Coleman techniques yielded grafts with similar cellularity, and perilipin and GPDH expression. Measured differences between experimental and control samples were statistically significant. Conclusions The P2S™ device is an easy, efficient, and potentially cost-effective handheld device that can be used for lipoaspirate harvest, processing, and grafting in any procedural setting. The resulting adipocytes have similar morphology, viability, and function to those yielded by techniques. This handheld technology decreases procedure time, thereby improving surgeon efficiency and patient experience.


Author(s):  
Eric Auclair ◽  
Massimo Gianfermi

Abstract Background There is still some debate about the best adipose processing method for autologous fat transfer procedures. This article reports a series of 66 fat grafting procedures using a novel fat processing technique that involves washing, “micronization,” and decantation. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the files of all patients operated on over a 2-year period by the two investigators. They underwent breast or buttock surgery that employed the novel fat processing technique for fat transfer. Complications and patient satisfaction were recorded, and fat resorption was qualitatively assessed based on clinical examination and photographs. Results Data were retrieved from a total of 66 procedures performed on 43 patients: 17 breast augmentations, 8 buttock augmentations, and 41 breast reconstructions. Five patients also underwent concomitant facial fat grafting. The complications were one case of transient liponecrotic cyst in the breast, one case of transient areolar sensitivity reduction, and two cases of infection. The infections were reported in patients from the breast reconstruction cohort who had a history of radiotherapy. There was no complication associated with facial fat grafting. Patient satisfaction was achieved in 82.4 to 92.5% of cases depending on the study cohort. Fat resorption was graded as minimal to moderate in 95% of all cases. Conclusions This retrospective study supports the safety and effectiveness of this novel fat processing method in breast and buttock surgeries. Further controlled studies are needed to compare its performance with that of other techniques. Level of evidence: Level III, therapeutic study


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