NOBLES AND LANDOWNERS OF THE AZOV PROVINCE UNDER PETER I: ON THE ISSUE OF SOCIAL IDENTITY ACCORDING TO MASS SOURCES OF 1710-1723

The article actualizes the problem of determining the social identity of the Azov nobility. The authors propose a solution using the analysis of mass sources and the method of biographical comparison of data. The social identity of the nobility is understood by the authors of the article as a set of retrospective identification practices - this is the perception of service people of themselves and each other. The authors believe that various practices of social identification in the past are expressed in the context of research and analysis in modern language, and the description of social identity is semantically a historical reconstruction. For the first time in historiography, the number and official structure of the service people of the Azov province is studied. This topic was studied according to the data of the "General Inspection" held in Moscow in 1721-1723, which was organized by the Senate and Heraldry. Data on the official structure of the nobility of the Azov province were studied according to the "knigi priezdov" and compared with the Landrat census of Shatsky and Yelets counties. The authors studied the social identification of the Azov nobility on the basis of name registration at the "General Inspection" during 1721-1722. The totality of representations by service people of their name and age are analyzed using the typology of self-identification formulas. In the conclusion of the article, the main parameters of the social identification of the "nobility" are highlighted.

A RANS-BEM Method to Efficiently Include Appendage Effects in RANS-Based Hull Shape Evaluation

In this paper an approach to mimic the influence of appendages on the pressure distribution on a boat’s hull in RANS simulations is given. While, of course, the appendages could be modelled explicitly in the RANS simulation, this significantly increases the cell count and CPU-time requirements of the simulations, particularly for boats with multiple appendages. In this approach it is assumed that the pressure fields generated by the appendages can be decomposed into two parts: one related to lift (asymmetric) and one related to the displaced volume (symmetric). For these parts actuator line momentum theory is utilized, and doublet mass sources are described based on potential flow theory. An initial assessment of the approach’s capabilities and accuracy is presented based on the SYRF wide light series (Claughton, 2015), showing good promise. An application example with particular focus on the reduction of CPU-time requirement is given based on a boat fitted with canting keel and DSS foil.

Collective Political Portrait of Landlords of the Oryol Province

Within the previous work during the launch of the project “Implementation of the reform from February 19, 1861 in the Oryol province (experience of computer analysis of mass sources)” the topics touched upon were not only the ones which were based on the analysis of mass sources, but also some scenarios related to the aspects of the socio-economic situation in the region were developed. The work was continued, and some observations made during the preliminary study are given in the presented article. The key point here is the discussion of problems related to the “determination of the grounds” for the development of the position of the provincial nobility with regards to existing at that time correlation of interests between the supreme power, bureaucratic reformers and landowners. The author attempts to outline a collective portrait of the representatives of the landowning and agrarian-industrial local nobility of the Oryol province. This period in question was the peak of the political activity of the local nobility, a time when subjective and personal factors in the preparation of the peasant reform were fully manifested. The representatives of the Oryol nobility had different motives that determined their attitude to the upcoming abolition of serfdom. The study of a wide variety of differences in the views of the local nobility, the analysis of the factors that determined their views in these conditions, will help broaden the understanding of the foundations of the upcoming transformations and the level of historical responsibility of the main estate of the country.

Bipolar molecular outflow of the very low-mass star Par-Lup3-4

Context. Very low-mass stars are known to have jets and outflows, which is indicative of a scaled-down version of low-mass star formation. However, only very few outflows in very low-mass sources are well characterized. Aims. We characterize the bipolar molecular outflow of the very low-mass star Par-Lup3-4, a 0.12 M⊙ object known to power an optical jet. Methods. We observed Par-Lup3-4 with ALMA in Bands 6 and 7, detecting both the continuum and CO molecular gas. In particular, we studied three main emission lines: CO(2–1), CO(3–2), and 13CO(3–2). Results. Our observations reveal for the first time the base of a bipolar molecular outflow in a very low-mass star, as well as a stream of material moving perpendicular to the primary outflow of this source. The primary outflow morphology is consistent with the previously determined jet orientation and disk inclination. The outflow mass is 9.5 × 10−7 M⊙, with an outflow rate of 4.3 × 10−9 M⊙ yr−1. A new fitting to the spectral energy distribution suggests that Par-Lup3-4 may be a binary system. Conclusions. We have characterized Par-Lup3-4 in detail, and its properties are consistent with those reported in other very low-mass sources. This source provides further evidence that very low-mass sources form as a scaled-down version of low-mass stars.

Lensed or not lensed: determining lensing magnifications for binary neutron star mergers from a single detection

ABSTRACT Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo could observe the first lensed gravitational wave sources in the coming years, while the future Einstein Telescope could observe hundreds of lensed events. It is, therefore, crucial to develop methodologies to distinguish between lensed from unlensed gravitational-wave observations. A lensed signal not identified as such will lead to biases during the interpretation of the source. In particular, sources will appear to have intrinsically higher masses. No robust method currently exists to distinguish between the magnification bias caused by lensing and intrinsically high-mass sources. In this work, we show how to recognize lensed and unlensed binary neutron star systems through the measurement of their tidal effects for highly magnified sources as a proof-of-principle. The proposed method could be used to identify lensed binary neutron stars that are the chief candidate for lensing cosmography studies. We apply our method on GW190425, finding no evidence in favour of lensing, mainly due to the poor measurement of the event’s tidal effects. However, we expect that future detections with better tidal measurements can yield better constraints.

Mass sources on the personnel of the orthodox and Roman-Catholic clergy of the end of the 18th – the beginning of the 20th century

In the archival funds of the Orthodox and Roman-Catholic Consistories at the National Historical Archive of Belarus mass sources on the personnel are stored – clergy lists and service records of clergy. These documents were recorded each year by representatives of clergy and stored at the Consistories. They allow to carry out a wide number of studies on the history of Belarus and neighboring countries, confessions, everyday life, genealogy, etc. However, their use in scientific purposes is problematic, due to their safety and volume of information. The author of the article, through a comparative analysis of the form and content of the sources, defines approaches to creating mass sources on the clergy staff in the workflow of both confessions and the range of basic and additional information in them. The basic information includes personal data, education, work places, penalties, abilities to further work. If service records of Roman-Catholic clergy almost didn’t change through the end of the 18th – the beginning of the 20th century, clergy lists of orthodox clergies changed in four stages gradually including information about clergy’ family, property, etc. The results would help expand the source base and diversify scientific research.