Defining Kernels

Thus far in this book, our code examples have represented kernels using C++ lambda expressions. Lambda expressions are a concise and convenient way to represent a kernel right where it is used, but they are not the only way to represent a kernel in SYCL. In this chapter, we will explore various ways to define kernels in detail, helping us to choose a kernel form that is most natural for our C++ coding needs.

Complementary Local and Nonlocal Measurements of Conjugate Transformation - Unified Logic Representation of Conjugate 0-1 Vectors

Bohr proposed the complementarity principle in 1927 as the foundation of quantum mechanics, since then relevant debates have been critically discussed for many years. Applying a pair of spin particles, Einstein proposed the EPR paradox in 1935. Using nonlocal potential properties, Aharonov and Bohm proposed the AB effect to test complementary measurement results. Under locality conditions, Bell established a Bell inequality under classical logic. Using a pair of particles and double sets of ZMI devices for complementarity measurements, Hardy proposed the Hardy paradox in 1992. During the past 50 years, locality and nonlocality tests on complementarity were hot-topics among the advanced quantum information, computing and measurement directions with various theoretical extensions and solid experimental results.These complementarity approaches separated local/nonlocal parameters to form different equations without an integrated logic framework to describe these equations including both local and nonlocal features consistently. The main results provide a series of paradoxes that conflict with each other. This paper uses conjugate transformation. Based on the m+1 kernel form of 0-1 states, n pairs of conjugate partitions were established. Under a given configuration in N bits, a set of 2n 0-1 feature vectors are applied to construct conjugate transformation operators in logic levels with intrinsic measurements to be a set of measurement operators.The key results of the paper are listed in Theorem 5. Two special functions of vector logic (CNF or DNF expression) and four equivalent expressions of the elementary equation are examples to show local and nonlocal variables in equations consistently. Applying two pairs of conjugate sets <A, B> and their complementary sets <A', B''>, 4 meta measures are established corresponding to <±aA;±bB> quantitative features under measurement operators. The main results of the paper are represented in Lemma (1-4), Theorem (1-5) and Corollary (1-7). From a vector logic viewpoint, conjugate complementary scheme can organize local and nonlocal variables to satisfy the comprehensive properties of modern logic constructions on completeness, non-conflict and consistence in a united logic framework.

Medievalist Music and Dance

Central to Victorians’ medievalism was the notion, prevalent since the sixteenth century, that English medieval song and dance had been preserved in kernel form by modern folk traditions. This assumption of a hidden medieval-folklore link played out in the main musical medievalisms of the nineteenth century: in antiquarian research on dance and song, both liturgical chant and vernacular music; in the more creative medievalisms of opera and music hall; and in their inheritor, the ultimate song-and-dance entertainment of the machine age, cinema. One exception to the idea of medieval art as preserved by the folk is the curious case of the motet, a quintessentially antiquarian object of study emerging in the late 1900s in connection with the burgeoning industry of academia.

Smart Controller for Efficient Domestic Cashew nut Cutting Machine

India is one of the world’s largest country in terms of exportingers of cashews nuts in kernel form. Currently, more number of labours are engaged in the cashew processing industry. This research work, an automotive cashew shelling method is introduced to improve the production efficiency. It is an electronic based system which enables a continuous flow of shelless. After de-shelling the cashew nut, it falls beneath the cutter due to gravitational force and shelless cashew nuts cumulated in a vessel. Thus the proposed system has the advantage of reducing man power, time consuming and also increases the selling cost. It comprises two process. They are heating and punching process. Both processes are used to remove the cashew kernel from the shell without damage. Here a servo motor is used to extract the shell from the raw cashew. In addition, here PI controller is used to control the entire operation. Then, two blades are used to cleft the nut by operating as handle of cutter. Thus the operation forces the shell to fracture open without detaching the kernel.

Physiological performance during storage of corn seed treated with insecticides and fungicide

The goal of storage is to maintain the characteristics that seeds have immediately after processing; however, when this is over longer periods, storage may cause loss in quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment with insecticide and fungicide on corn seeds harvested in kernel form and in the ear over the time of storage in two environments for 360 days. The seeds were subjected to the following treatments: T1 - control; T2 - Deltamethrin + Pirimiphos-methyl + Fludioxonil; T3 - Deltamethrin + Pirimiphos-methyl + Fludioxonil + Thiamethoxam; T4 - Thiamethoxam, and T5 - Fenitrothion. They were then placed in paper bags and stored in two environments, in a cold room with an average temperature of 16 ºC and RH of 60% and in a non-controlled environment (an average room temperature of 25 ºC and RH of 70%) located in the municipality of Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Every four months (0, 120, 240 and 360 days), seed germination and vigor was evaluated by the first count of germination test and cold test. Reduction in germination and vigor of corn seeds, conditioned by the insecticides and fungicide used in the seed treatment, vary according to the product and the time over which the seeds remain stored. The seeds harvested in the ear show lower loss of physiological quality than those harvested in kernel form.

Model-Free, Occlusion Accommodating Active Contour Tracking

This study investigates tracking in monocular image sequences by a model-free, occlusion accommodating active contour method. The objective functional contains a model-free shape tracking term to constrain the active curve in a frame to have a shape which approximates as closely as possible the shape of the active curve in the preceding frame. It complements a kernel photometric tracking term which constrains the active curve in a frame to enclose an intensity profile that matches as closely as possible the profile within the curve in the preceding frame. This data term is in kernel form so as to forgo image modeling. The method, which is exclusively driven by the curve/level set evolution equations derived from the objective functional Euler-Lagrange conditions, can track several objects independently. Experimental validation includes examples with infrared imaging, occlusion, clutter, and articulated motion.

Quadratic Filtering Algorithm Based on Covariances Using Correlated Uncertain Observations Coming from Different Sensors

The least-squares quadratic estimation problem of signals from observations coming from multiple sensors is addressed when there is a nonzero probability that each observation does not contain the signal to be estimated. We assume that, at each sensor, the uncertainty about the signal being present or missing in the observation is modelled by correlated Bernoulli random variables, whose probabilities are not necessarily the same for all the sensors. A recursive algorithm is derived without requiring the knowledge of the signal state-space model but only the moments (up to the fourth-order ones) of the signal and observation noise, the uncertainty probabilities, and the correlation between the variables modelling the uncertainty. The estimators require the autocovariance and cross-covariance functions of the signal and their second-order powers in a semidegenerate kernel form. The recursive quadratic filtering algorithm is derived from a linear estimation algorithm for a suitably defined augmented system.

Normal forms for answer sets programming

Normal forms for logic programs under stable/answer set semantics are introduced. We argue that these forms can simplify the study of program properties, mainly consistency. The first normal form, called the kernel of the program, is useful for studying existence and number of answer sets. A kernel program is composed of the atoms which are undefined in the Well-founded semantics, which are those that directly affect the existence of answer sets. The body of rules is composed of negative literals only. Thus, the kernel form tends to be significantly more compact than other formulations. Also, it is possible to check consistency of kernel programs in terms of colorings of the Extended Dependency Graph program representation which we previously developed. The second normal form is called 3-kernel. A 3-kernel program is composed of the atoms which are undefined in the Well-founded semantics. Rules in 3-kernel programs have at most two conditions, and each rule either belongs to a cycle, or defines a connection between cycles. 3-kernel programs may have positive conditions. The 3-kernel normal form is very useful for the static analysis of program consistency, i.e. the syntactic characterization of existence of answer sets. This result can be obtained thanks to a novel graph-like representation of programs, called Cycle Graph which presented in the companion article Costantini (2004b).