Economic Evaluation of Optical Fiber Composite Low-Voltage Cable Technology Application in China: An Input-Output Analysis

OPLC (optical fiber composite low-voltage cable) technology is a common field of communication and power electronics technology, and it is an important means to realizing the energy Internet and the integration of four networks. As an infrastructure sharing technology, OPLC technology will fundamentally and substantially promote the sustainable development of China’s economy and environment. Taking typical OPLC projects in China as an example, the direct energy consumption of these projects is calculated by the life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis method and then compared with traditional projects that use only power technology or optical fiber. Based on the direct consumption of the project, the interaction between the intermediate sector and the total output variable under the traditional technology and OPLC technology was explored and compared by using the input-output (I-O) model and the structural decomposition model (SDA). The results showed that in 2015, technology substitution weakened the influence of 86% of industries on the upstream industry and weakened the demand sensitivity of 90% of industries to the downstream industry. In 2017, technology substitution reduced the industry’s influence over 86% of upstream industries. Short-term technology replacement will not increase the positive influence of each industry on the upstream industry, thus resulting in a negative impact of technology substitution cost. However, that negative impact will gradually weaken over time. After technology replacement, the total added value of 20 industries increased from 2015 to 2017.

Pembudidayaan dan Olahan jamur Tiram Putih UMKM”MEKAR SARI Di Semolowaru Kecamatan Sukolilo Surabaya

Products processed by white oyster mushrooms as healthy food and consumed by the community are cultivated from the harvest of the "MEKAR SARI" MSMEs farmer group through a group of housewives in the Semolowaru area of ​​Surabaya. The problem of partners, namely MSMEs "MEKAR SARI" is the lack of knowledge and information from the public about processed white oyster mushrooms with a variety of variants. mushroom pins. The purpose of this service is to provide added value to the Oyster Mushroom as a household business opportunity because it has a high enough nutritional content that can be processed into a variety of delicious foods. The methods used are (1) training / training related to goods and services, diffusion of science and technology, substitution of science and technology (renewable science and technology), or simulation of science and technology; (2) Continuous education; (3) awareness / increased understanding of a problem; (4) consultation / mentoring / mediation. The results obtained from the implementation of this community service are emphasized program outputs which can be in the form of products / goods or services produced by partners as an indicator of program success.

Understanding disruptive technology transitions in the global logistics industry: the role of ecosystems

Purpose Disruptive technologies in the global logistics industry are often regarded as a threat to the existing business models of incumbents’ companies. Existing research, however, focuses mainly on whether technologies have disruptive potential, thereby neglecting when such disruptive transitions occur. To understand the timing of potential disruptive technological change, this paper aims to investigate the elements of the underlying ecosystem shaping these transitions. Design/methodology/approach Building on the established ecosystem framework from Adner and Kapoor (2016a), this paper constructs four categories of technology substitution to assess how quickly disruptive change may occur in the global logistics industry and defines key technology substitution determinants in logistics to emphasize the role of ecosystems for further consideration into disruptive innovation theory. Findings Based on the key determinants, this paper proposes first definitions of distinctive ecosystems elements linked to the three types of innovations, namely, sustaining innovations, low-end disruptions and new-market disruptions, thereby integrating ecosystems into Christensen’s (1997) disruptive innovation theory. Originality/value By developing a framework that conceptualizes the pace of technology substitution, this paper contributes to a more nuanced understanding of how logistics managers and academics can better predict disruptive transitions and develop strategies to allocate resources.

Online Business-to-Business Markets for Industrial Product Reuse: Evidence from an Operational Policy Change

Problem definition: We examine the importance of expert services in online materials and waste exchanges (OMWEs), which are online business-to-business markets for coordinating transactions of industrial surplus, by-products, and waste. Academic/practical relevance: OMWEs face unique challenges because of their product mix and market characteristics. Many OMWEs have traditionally relied on a combination of routine services (online aggregation, filtered search, etc.) and expert services (selective and spatial matching, contract facilitation, etc.). Although OMWEs employ varying levels of expert services, the ultimate value of expert services in promoting transactions is not fully understood. From a managerial perspective, our study provides insights into the importance of balancing routine and expert services, offering guidance on when expert services offer the most benefits. From an academic perspective, we expand on the type of product and market attributes that should be considered in tailoring OMWE designs. Methodology: We use transactional data from a unique OMWE setting (MNExchange.org), which consists of approximately 3,500 product listings from 700+ supplier firms, collected during 2001–2007. We use various econometric techniques (survival analysis, regression discontinuity, etc.) to examine the changes in performance, including transaction rates and time to market, attributable to an operational policy change that occurred in 2004. We further conduct a detailed examination of mechanisms, alternative explanations, and counterfactual analysis. Results: The results show that eliminating expert services in OMWEs can adversely affect transaction outcomes in OMWEs. In particular, the results show that OMWEs should consider their product mix and market characteristics when making decisions about the appropriate use of expert services. Managerial implications: The study provides insights for improving the potential of online reuse marketplaces in the circular economy. From a broader perspective, the paper contributes to the debate on the role of technology in sustainable development and technology substitution for human tasks.

Marrying Wright's Law to Thermodynamics for a Relative Final Cost-predicting Model of Carbon-fuel Substitution

The problem of assessing the relative final cost of energy technology substitution is approached by means of a general interpretation of Wright's law and the introduction of the concept of thermodynamic utility which derives from energy carrier specific energy. Via the Bienaymé-Chebyshev inequality the ideal relative final cost of C-fuel substitution (diesel/gasoline) is estimated at three different probabilities (50 %, 87.5 % and 96 %) for compressed hydrogen, liquid hydrogen, metal hydrides and Li-ion technology. C-fuel substitution at cost parity is an event clearly below the 50 % probability horizon of insight, 96 % values range between 1.8 (Li-ion) and 4.3 (LH2/350 bar) times the cost of C-fuel technology. The results are evinced in a cost/price comparison between the Toyota Mirai, Tesla 3 and Skoda Superb and found to reflect reality properly (see ESI). The approach also offers a systematic explanation for previously as-is reported findings of parameter studies from literature. The issue of mitigating the cost discrepancy is briefly discussed, too. <br>

Marrying Wright's Law to Thermodynamics for a Relative Final Cost-predicting Model of Carbon-fuel Substitution

The problem of assessing the relative final cost of energy technology substitution is approached by means of a general interpretation of Wright's law and the introduction of the concept of thermodynamic utility which derives from energy carrier specific energy. Via the Bienaymé-Chebyshev inequality the ideal relative final cost of C-fuel substitution (diesel/gasoline) is estimated at three different probabilities (50 %, 87.5 % and 96 %) for compressed hydrogen, liquid hydrogen, metal hydrides and Li-ion technology. C-fuel substitution at cost parity is an event clearly below the 50 % probability horizon of insight, 96 % values range between 1.8 (Li-ion) and 4.3 (LH2/350 bar) times the cost of C-fuel technology. The results are evinced in a cost/price comparison between the Toyota Mirai, Tesla 3 and Skoda Superb and found to reflect reality properly (see ESI). The approach also offers a systematic explanation for previously as-is reported findings of parameter studies from literature. The issue of mitigating the cost discrepancy is briefly discussed, too. <br>

Task content routinisation, technological change and labour turnover: Evidence from China

This article addresses the unresolved question of whether recent technological change causes job instability in a non-western context. China is now the world’s largest user of industrial robots. A Lewis turning point has been predicted, involving a transition from a plentiful supply of rural low-cost workers to a labour shortage economy in which rising labour costs drive labour-technology substitution. The routine-biased technological change hypothesis suggests that technology-induced routinisation in job task content has a profound impact on employment structure. This study captures the extent of routinisation of jobs in the transitional context of China and examines the incidence and impact of routinisation on labour turnover in the labour market. Using rotating panel data from the China Labour-force Dynamics Survey 2012, 2014 and 2016, this study, based on individual information with regard to flexibility in work schedules and degree of autonomy in workload and task content on the job, follows a recently developed measure to construct a routine intensity index and indicates a division into three routine intensity groups. The empirical findings show that the probability of job mobility is significantly increased with the magnitude of routine task intensity, suggesting that the process of technology-induced routinisation is strongly associated with labour turnover. JEL Codes: J63, J20