A Disruptive Innovation perspective on students’ opinions of online assessment

This article analyses students’ thoughts and feelings about online assessment. This article uses Disruptive Innovation theory as a lens through which to analyse students’ responses to online assessment, in a case study of a Leadership course. The sources of data for this article comprise annual course evaluation surveys, a one-off assessment survey and a focus group. Qualitative content analysis with a directed approach is used to analyse the data. The results show students are capable of undertaking a range of online assessments but are, in general, reluctant to utilise the innovative possibilities of different forms of online assessment. This article adds to our understanding of online assessment by placing it within a distinct theoretical framework, offering explanations for why students may not be seeking-out innovative forms of assessment.

Reaching more customers, delving into the unknown

Organizations have ineffective information management practices, and improper analytical methods and tools for innovations. As a consequence, customers are not appropriately reached, decision-making is compromised and –unfortunately- most innovations don’t achieve the desired results. In this sense and through the study of Disruptive Innovation Theory (DIT) and Job To Be Done Theory (JTBDT) –developed by Harvard Professor Clayton Christensen- it is pointed out that a novel universe of value is created for small firms and incumbents in their innovation environments. In other words, “unrevealed” areas of opportunities (or Disrupted Innovation Theory, DIT) and “undisclosed” products (Job-To-Be-Done Theory, JTBDT) take place, allowing a wide range of new organizational and social development, not only a different/better/worse known market or product. This result in an additional distinction between two antagonistic fields that coexist in the current business context: the known field (referred to sustaining innovations) and the unknown one (connected with DI and JTBD). Managers are urged to understand their differences, and theories/tools must be reconsidered to manage those opposite worlds. Therefore, the hypothesis of this investigation –which was corroborated- states that a deep understanding of DIT and JTBDT can help to reach more customers with adapted products, and to wider develop organizations and markets. It was utilized a qualitative methodology, with an exploratory descriptive study. The design was non-experimental and -within them- transversal, since the information was collected at a given moment of time.

Understanding disruptive technology transitions in the global logistics industry: the role of ecosystems

Purpose Disruptive technologies in the global logistics industry are often regarded as a threat to the existing business models of incumbents’ companies. Existing research, however, focuses mainly on whether technologies have disruptive potential, thereby neglecting when such disruptive transitions occur. To understand the timing of potential disruptive technological change, this paper aims to investigate the elements of the underlying ecosystem shaping these transitions. Design/methodology/approach Building on the established ecosystem framework from Adner and Kapoor (2016a), this paper constructs four categories of technology substitution to assess how quickly disruptive change may occur in the global logistics industry and defines key technology substitution determinants in logistics to emphasize the role of ecosystems for further consideration into disruptive innovation theory. Findings Based on the key determinants, this paper proposes first definitions of distinctive ecosystems elements linked to the three types of innovations, namely, sustaining innovations, low-end disruptions and new-market disruptions, thereby integrating ecosystems into Christensen’s (1997) disruptive innovation theory. Originality/value By developing a framework that conceptualizes the pace of technology substitution, this paper contributes to a more nuanced understanding of how logistics managers and academics can better predict disruptive transitions and develop strategies to allocate resources.

DISRUPSI DARI ATAS: KASUS BANGKRUTNYA KIOS TRADISIONAL BERHADAPAN DENGAN MINIMARKET MODERN

<p>Various studies have concluded that the presence of modern minimarkets has a negative impact on traditional kiosks. One of the negative impacts is revenue’s decrase of the tradisional kiosks. However, the various studies have not answered <em>why</em> and <em>how</em> the kiosts’ revenue decrase or even they bankrupted. Losing in competition is not a correct reason to explain the above phenomenon because the fact is—and is perceived so by consumers—the price of goods in traditional kiosks is cheaper than the price of the same goods in modern minimarkets.</p><p>With a qualitative approach this study found that the phenomenon of revenue’s decrease and even the bankruptcy of traditional kiosks were because of disruption and not because they could not compete with modern minimarkets. It is, however, differ from Chistensen's disruptive innovation theory where disruption always starts from low-end market; this research found the opposite direction, namely disruption starting from high-end market or disruption from above.</p>

Clarifying the disruptive innovation puzzle: a critical review

PurposeDisruptive innovation theory has attracted the interest of researchers and practitioners across many areas, resulting in the development of new business models and strategies. Despite the increasing scholarly attention, its definition has not yet been understood, the understanding of the term “disruptive” and the complex nature of this innovation has provoked some misinterpretations, and the meaning remains ambiguous. To address this confusion, this article undertakes a critical review of disruptive innovation in an attempt at providing a solid theoretical grounding.Design/methodology/approachThe review examines the key issues of published articles, identified after conducting a search in the Web of Science scholarly database. The analysis highlights the basic definitions of disruptive innovation, showing its evolution, types and its characteristics. This article also examines the behaviours adopted by the actors associated with disruptive innovation (i.e. incumbents, entrants and customers).FindingsOverall, this article finds that disruptive innovation has its own elements to be identified, requiring an in-depth analysis to avoid confusing with other innovation approaches. The findings suggest that disruptive innovation affects businesses and sectors in varied and complex ways because customers from low-end market and mainstream market appreciate this innovation. Further, its impact on practice is huge and incites further efforts in establishing a stronger theoretical grounding.Originality/valueOur research contributes on the evolution of this theory, helping to better understand the phenomenon of disruption and can be used for different types of research settings.

Perspectives of the App Economy: Tenets of the Innovative Phenomenon

The paper aims to explore the App Economy drawing on a configurational multiple-theory perspective (Meyer, Tsui &amp; Hinings 1993; Miller, 1996), using the lens of Transaction Costs Theory, Regulation, Disruptive Innovation Theory and Systemic Approach. These theories are examined in the form of tenets. The choice of these theories as dimensions of our model is the output of two different activities. The first regards an ex-ante analysis of the previous studies in this field in order to find less investigated perspectives and find a connection between the topic of the App Economy and the main management theories; the second refers to a debate with some strategic management scholars in order to identify and choice the main theories for this research. This paper contributes to the existing literature by proposing an original interpretation of the App Economy and it tries to add new knowledge in this emerging research field by adding new tenets. The results of study are the formulation of eight different tenets: two for Transaction Costs Theory, one for Regulation, three for Disruptive Innovation Theory and two for Systemic Approach. These results have confirmed the linked between chosen theories and the new research field of the App Economy. In any case, this paper is a preliminary study to develop a theoretically grounded approach to understanding the emergence of the App Economy and how manage the changes that it brings into the markets. This study has implications for several stakeholders (such as managers, enterprises, institutions, Authorities, app developers, operators, platform managers and other organizations that work in this field), and for several industries being impacted by developments induced by this innovative sharing economy.

Business Strategies and Disruptive Technologies

This chapter presents key issues taken from the review of existing literature on disruptive technologies and their importance for successful business strategies. The review is done within the framework of the disruptive innovation theory. The chapter covers an historical overview of the topic from the precursors to the most recent developments as well as an analysis of its predictive side. It also finds out whether the theory allows for the development of business models. Last section is devoted to the identification of strategies that are applicable in technological disruptive innovations and discusses relevant issues to develop such strategies. Disruptive innovations are widely recognized as key engines for competitive advantage, so it is important for companies to recognize the opportunities that emerge from developing disruptive technological innovations.

Demystifying Disruptive Innovation Phenomenon: Economic and Societal Impacts

This research aims to demystify disruptive innovation phenomena and its economic and societal impacts. The study is investigative in nature and highlights the gap between the current endorsed disruptive innovation theory and the actual impacts of the phenomena as evident in markets, industries, and societies. The study adopts a positivism philosophical approach and deductive reasoning that builds on secondary data from literature across multiple disciplines that have a strong correlation with the research topic and case study analysis of five market-leading organizations that have significantly impacted their respective industries. The paper presents a comprehensive definition and a conceptual framework that provides an appropriate illustration of the term disruptive innovation based on the conceptual findings. The findings reveal that despite challenging mainstream incumbents, disruptive innovation yields positive impacts on economies, consumers and societies. The research concludes by advocating further research to empirically test the conceptual framework and validate it through primary data and assess its generalizability.