scholarly journals A Study of Soil Pollution by Road Runoff

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
Jingul Joo ◽  
Hayong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Road Runoff ◽  
The Road ◽  
River Contamination ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Uncontaminated Soil ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Road runoff, a representative non-point source pollution, is known to seriously deteriorate the river water quality. In order to prevent river contamination due to road runoff, road runoff is infiltrated into the soil along the river. However, road runoff containing high concentrations of heavy metals and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) can cause soil pollution. In this study, soil samples were collected at the point where road runoff flows, and the concentrations of heavy metals, such as cadmium, lead, and zinc, and TPH in them were compared with that in uncontaminated soil. Consequently, the concentration of heavy metals in the soil into which the road runoff flows was up to 21 times higher than that of the nearby uncontaminated soil. In conclusion, the discharge of road runoff into the soil seriously pollutes the soil. Therefore, direct discharge of road runoff to soil should be prevented to prevent soil pollution.

scholarly journals Environmental assessment of soil pollution by heavy metals within the boundaries of roadside areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 08025
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Antonenko ◽  
Aleksandr Melnichuk ◽  
Valentina Popovich
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
The Road ◽  
Lead And Zinc

The work is devoted to the environmental assessment of degree of soil pollution with heavy metals on land plots, located within the boundaries of roadside territories. The study area is characterized by uneven anthropogenic load on different sections of the road. The article examines the indicator of lands ecological state, taking into account heavy metals content, their toxicity, excess of background level. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the excess of the MPC was recorded for two elements of the 1st hazard class - lead and zinc. Thus, the 5-meter zone belongs to the category of very strong pollution (2 MPC for lead, 1 MPC for zinc, and the zone from 25 to 50 m is slightly contaminated). This algorithm can be used for an integral and ecological-economic assessment of soils of land plots, located within the boundaries of roadside territories.

scholarly journals Protecting Children’S Health Against Environmental Exposure to Heavy Metals – Theory Versus Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Klaudia Gut ◽  
Małgorzata Bołdys-Labocha ◽  
Agata Piekut
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Theory Versus ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
High Level

Abstract The high level of heavy metals is one of the main indicators of soil contamination, which is a significant risk to ecological and health safety. Lack of regulations requiring the examination of the level of contamination in the areas where recreational facilities for children are located directly translate into the lack of preventive or corrective actions and leads to the persistence of a permanent threat connected with a high level of heavy metals concentration in soils. The aim of the study was to identify significant sources of exposure of children to heavy metals depending on the location of recreational areas (sports fields). The results show a high concentration of cadmium, lead and zinc in the analysed soils. Of all samples, more than 70% of them have values exceeding the limit values of cadmium in soils. In the case of lead and zinc, the normative values were exceeded, respectively, in 44% and 64% of soil samples. Practical solutions introduced in the framework of regulations related to environmental protection do not correlate in practice with an extensive obligation to protect the health of children and adolescents, whose performance is clearly focused on medical problems, disregarding the risk resulting from environmental factors.

scholarly journals Atmospheric emissions and depositions of cadmium, lead, and zinc in Europe during the period 1955–1987

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Olendrzyński ◽  
Stefan Anderberg ◽  
William Stigliani ◽  
Jerzy Bartnicki ◽  
Józef Pacyna
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Atmospheric Emissions ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Trace Model ◽  
Cadmium Lead

This paper presents a preliminary estimate of atmospheric emissions of cadmium, lead, and zinc in Europe during the period 1955–1987. The emission data were used as input to the atmospheric transport model TRACE (trace toxic air concentrations in Europe) of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, to compute cumulative deposition loads of heavy metals onto European soils during the investigated time period. The maxima of cumulative depositions computed with the TRACE model over the entire period were approximately 60 mg/m2 for cadmium, 1450 mg/m2 for lead, and 2600 mg/m2 in the case of zinc. The results presented should be considered first-order approximations. Major uncertainties embedded in such calculations are discussed. Heavy metals enter the soils from atmospheric load and with the application of fertilizers and sewage sludge. Once in the soil the metals can be mobilized, leading to plant and groundwater contamination. This threat is particularly valid for heavily polluted regions in Central Europe. The results of this study can be applied in assessing environmental and health effects of heavy metals and, therefore, are important for scientists as well as policy makers.Key words: trace elements, heavy metals, historical emission, cumulative deposition.

Distribution of cadmium, lead and zinc amongst the marine sediments, seagrasses and fauna, and the selection of sentinel accumulators, near a lead smelter in South Australia

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
TJ Ward ◽  
RL Correll ◽  
RB Anderson
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Marine Animal ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Lead Smelter ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cadmium Lead

The concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn in 23 species of marine animal and three species of seagrass were determined from samples collected near a large lead smelter. The spatial patterns of metal distribution in sediments, seagrasses, crustaceans and fish could be described in terms of distance from the smelter, although the fit of the mathematical model was often improved by the inclusion of other environmental variables, such as clay content of the sediment or time of sample collection. In the fish and seagrasses, Zn was the most widely dispersed metal, followed by Cd, then Pb, which was least dispersed. In general, organisms at higher trophic levels (fish) had lower metal concentrations than primary producers (seagrass). There was evidence for bioaccumulation of metals in many species, especially in the molluscs, but no biomagnification of any metal could be detected. The strong relationship between distance and metal content of several species of seagrass, fish and crustacean indicates that they are potential sentinel accumulators for monitoring the distribution of Cd, Pb and Zn. Although bivalve molluscs contained high concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn, their contents did not consistently relate to distance from the smelter, suggesting that, except for Pinna bicolor, they are of little value as sentinel accumulators for these metals. The implications of the results for the design of monitoring programs using sentinel accumulators are discussed.

Accumulation of Copper, Cadmium, Lead and Zinc in Various Tissues of the River Crab from Northeast China

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1745-1748
Author(s):  
Yan Jiang ◽  
Jun Rui Wu ◽  
Xi Qing Yue ◽  
Jian Zang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Free Food ◽  
Hazardous Substance ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Copper Lead

The presence of heavy metals in the environment can be detrimental to a variety of living species including human. River crabs are sensitive to heavy metals .The concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc were analyzed in muscles, hepatopancreas, gills and exoskeletons using ICP-MS . Zinc was greater in muscles and hepatopancreas, whereas copper was greater in muscles and gills. Cadmium and lead were within the range of limits for hazardous substance about the pollution-free food. Then river crab can be an effective bioindicator for assessing metal levels in environment.

Bioremoval of Lead (II) and Cadmium (II) in Single and Multicomponent Systems Using Penicillium sp.

2018 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Khodja ◽  
Abdelkader Iddou ◽  
Hakim Aguedal ◽  
Abdallah Aziz ◽  
Andrei Shishkin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Multicomponent Systems ◽  
Single System ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Uncontaminated Soil ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Maximum Removal

The biosorption of cadmium and lead by Penicillium sp. isolated from an uncontaminated soil was studied at different initial metal ions concentrations. The maximum removal yields were obtained at 5 mg/L initial metal concentration. The highest removal yields were 35.67% and 81.99% for cadmium and lead respectively in the single system. In the binary system, the removal yield increased to 90.99% and 97.48% for both metal ions at the same initial concentration. This study has also confirmed that Penicillium sp was able to grow in the presence of both metal ions at different concentrations. In addition, this study showed that Penicillium sp was more tolerant to cadmium than lead. Fungi have also shown a tolerance to high concentrations of toxic heavy metals.This study can provide useful information on the bioremoval of heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Pb(II) from wastewaters.

Competition Absorption and Desorption Dynamic Character of Cadmium, Lead and Zinc by Soil in North-East of China

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Su Chen ◽  
Lei Chao ◽  
Li Na Sun ◽  
Tie Heng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
Dynamic Character ◽  
North East ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Absorption Phase ◽  
Fast Absorption ◽  
Elovich Equation ◽  
Cadmium Lead

The competitive absorption and desorption of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in meadow brown soil from Liaoning province in north-east China was studied in the paper in order to establish the selectivity sequences for the sorption and desorption of these heavy metals in the soil and obtain the absorption and desorption dynamic character of these heavy metals. The results showed that with the increasing of the absorption times, the absorption quantities of Cd, Pb and Zn were increased little by little. The absorption process of Cd, Pb and Zn could be divided into the fast absorption phase and the slow absorption phase. And the fast absorption phases were from the beginning to 60 min, 120 min and 120 min for Cd, Pb and Zn, respectively. The more company metals (i.e. Pb and Zn) existed in the absorption solutions, the less absorption quantities of Cd absorbed by soil. The co-existence of Cd, Pb and Zn had obviously decreased the absorption of Pb by soil. And it was the same situation that Zn absorbed by soil was decreased by the company metals such as Cd, Pb. The company metals had obvious influence on the desorption process of Cd. The existence of Pb and Zn promoted the desorption of Cd. And desorption behavior of Zn was bated by the existence of Pb and Cd. While the company metals Cd and Zn restrained the desorption of Pb. The best equation to describe the absorption and desorption dynamic character of Cd, Pb and Zn was Elovich equation, next was Two–constant equation, and the effect of First-order dynamics equation was not good.

Separation of Point and Diffuse Loads of Pollutants Using Monitoring Data of Rivers

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Behrendt
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
River System ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
New Method ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Diffuse Sources ◽  
Dissolved Nitrogen ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead

The results of a new method for estimating point and diffuse loads of rivers from analysis of monitoring data are presented (immission approach). The estimated point source loads of dissolved nitrogen, total phosphorus, and the heavy metals, cadmium, lead and zinc were compared with the loads of existing inventories. The diffuse loads of these pollutants were compared with estimations calculated on the basis of area related loads of the main diffuse sources (emission approach). Reasonable agreement was obtained in these comparisons, thus demonstrating the utility of the new method as a tool for analyzing point sources and diffuse loads of pollutants to a river system from analysis of monitoring data.

scholarly journals Rhizofiltration of Heavy Metals (Cadmium, Lead and Zinc) From Fly Ash Leachates Using Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Yadav ◽  
Bhawana Pathak ◽  
M. H. Fulekar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Maximum Removal

Fly ashes are usually contaminated with toxic heavy metals. These metals are leaching out aftercontact with water during wet disposal system, thus polluting the soil, surface and groundwater. In the present study, a hydroponics experiment was conducted to examine the removalof heavy metals Cd, Pb and Zn by Eichhornia crassipes grown at various concentration of fly ash ranging from 10, 20 and 40 percent over a period of 30 days.After 30 days, the plants were separately harvested, dried and weighedfor biomass of the roots and shoots. The uptake of each metalwas studied in the root and shoot separately, to determine the bioaccumulation of metals in Eichhornia crasspies.The translocation factor was calculated to study the efficiency of the plants forbioaccumulation of each metal in roots and shoot. The results showed that maximum uptake of metals Cd, Pb and Zn by plantwasfoundat the higher concentration (40%) of fly ash.The metals uptake found was 99.16, 166.52 and 741.04 μg g-1 tissues in the roots, respectively and 33.46, 41.33 and 255.90 μgg-1 tissues in the shoots, respectively and successfullyremoved up to 78% of Cd, 82% of Pb and 70% of Zn.The maximum removal efficiency by plant for Cd, Pb and Zn at lower concentration (10%) of fly ash was 84%, 86% and 75%, respectively.The heavy metals accumulated more in roots than in the shoots by Eichhornia crassipes. The maximum bioconcentration factor and translocation factor value of Eichhornia crappies for Cd, Pb and Zn were calculated as 705.55, 705.55 and 614.51 and 41.86, 47.18 and 34.53 respectively. The high removal efficiencies of heavy metals Cd, Pb and Zn was find without toxic effect by this aquatic macrophyte, thisplant can be recommended for the actual treatment of fly ash leachatesin ash pond to clean up the aquatic environment.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i1.12187International Journal of Environment Volume-4, Issue-1, Dec-Feb 2014/15, page : 179-196   

Uptake of heavy metals by darnel multifloral (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) at diverse soil reaction and organic matter content

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Kwiatkowska-Malina ◽  
Alina Maciejewska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Abstract Organic matter takes part in all soil processes and influences the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. The paper presents the analysis of heavy metal contents (Zn, Pb, Cd) in soil and biomass of darnel multifloral (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) cultivated at diverse conditions of soil reaction and organic matter content. A brown coal preparation (Rekulter) was applied as the source of organic matter in autumn 1999 to the studied soil, which was contaminated with cadmium, lead and zinc. The limiting influence of Rekulter on the uptake of heavy metals by darnel multifloral (two cuts of the test plant) was the highest in the case when the largest dose was applied to soil with the highest pH (about 6.0). Bioaccumulation indexes (BI) for Cd, Pb, Zn indicate the mobility and bioavailability of Cd, Pb and Zn in soils. The BI for particular heavy metals were generally low, with the lowest in the case when the largest dose of Rekulter was applied to all cuts of the test plant

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