DETERMINATION OF LOADS FOR CALCULATION OF STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF FACADES

This article discusses the possible loads that will affect the elements of the facade coatings of buildings. Various types of facade slabs, claddings, ice, wind loads, loads from various types of guides for fastening the slabs are considered. The standard and design loads were determined, taking into account the Eurocodes, the loads for the calculations were selected.

Estimation of the Probability of Cracking of Facade Coatings

Information on the stress state of protective and decorative coatings during the curing process, in particular on the cohesive state of destruction, is given. The influence of the type of substrate on the change in internal stresses in the coating is considered. It was revealed that the greatest value of shear stresses is observed in coatings on a heavyweight concrete substrate. The subsequent increase in temperature after curing to 50°C leads to an increase in the value of the normal stresses. The probability of cracking of coatings during thermal aging is estimated. It was revealed that during aging there is an exponential decrease in the cohesive strength of coatings and an increase in internal stresses. Aging tends to increase the likelihood of cracking of coatings. The change in stresses in coatings as a result of seasonal fluctuations in air temperature is considered.

Self-Cleaning Coatings and Surfaces of Modern Building Materials for the Removal of Some Air Pollutants

Air quality is one of the most important problems of the modern world, as it determines human health and changes occurring in other elements of nature, including climate change. For this reason, actions are taken to reduce the amount of harmful substances in the air. One such action is the use of building materials with special properties achieved by the application of self-cleaning coatings and photocatalytic additives. This article presents achievements in the field of additives and modifiers for building materials, whose task is to improve air quality. Concrete, cement, paints, and facade coatings modified based on the achievements of nanotechnology have been analyzed in terms of new properties and the possibility of their application in the area of modern environmental requirements. Both positive aspects and doubts were described in the scope of the effective reduction of the amount of gases such as VOC, NOx, dust and microorganisms.

Design for maintainability tool for nano-façade coating applications on high-rise facades in the tropics

PurposeThe self-cleaning properties of nanostructured titanium dioxide facade coatings are useful in Singapore's tropical climate. However, its potential maintenance issues need to be determined right at the design stage. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the development of the design for maintainability tool which is a multicriteria design decision score sheet that evaluates the maintainability potential of nano-facade coating applications on high-rise façades with concrete and stonemasonry finishes and curtain walls.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative methods (expert and practitioner surveys) are conducted in this research study. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and sensitivity analysis were used to develop a robust Design for Maintainability tool.FindingsSafety measures indicator received the highest weighted score by experts, while the maximizing performance, minimizing risk, minimizing negative environmental impact and minimizing consumption of matter and energy were the top ranking main criteria by both experts and practitioners. The top ranked design for maintainability sub-criteria identified by practitioners and experts were risk management, maintenance considerations, climatic conditions, safety measures, lifecycle cost and maintenance access, sun's path, rainfall intensity, biological growth measures and building age profile.Originality/valueMost researches on the maintainability of nano-façade coatings uses experimentation to test the durability of nano-façade coatings, while this study focuses on design based empirical data such as establishing and ranking the list of design for maintainability criteria or indicators to minimize future defects and maintenance issues. The design for maintainability tool contributes to the maintainability of nano-façade coatings leading to maximizing its performance while minimizing cost, risks, resource consumption and negative environmental impact.

Green maintainability design criteria for nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) façade coatings

Purpose Nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) coatings can potentially address the current surge in façade cleaning cost, maintenance and labour problems. The purpose of this paper is to investigate potential maintainability issues and design challenges concerning the effective performance of TiO2 façade coatings’ hydrophilic properties, especially in tropical environments such as Singapore. This paper aims to establish a list of green maintainability design criteria to help minimise future TiO2 façade coating issues when this coating is applied on commercial buildings with concrete and stonemasonry façade materials. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-mode approach that includes a literature review, site investigation, instrumental case studies and expert interviews is used in this study. Findings TiO2 coatings help improve façade performance whilst offering environmental benefits to society. This study reports that green maintainability design criteria are vital requirements in designing sustainable buildings at the outset. The identified defects and issues will aid in ensuring the effectiveness of TiO2 application in building façades. Originality/value This study acts as a foundation for future researchers to strengthen this little researched area, serves as a useful guide in preventing possible TiO2 coating issues and promotes industry awareness of the use of TiO2 façade coatings.