greywater reuse
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2022 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 106134
Author(s):  
Eden Hadad ◽  
Erez Fershtman ◽  
Zohar Gal ◽  
Ido Silberman ◽  
Gideon Oron

2022 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 106460
Author(s):  
Carolina Rodríguez ◽  
Fernanda Carrasco ◽  
Rafael Sánchez ◽  
Natalia Rebolledo ◽  
Nicolás Schneider ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Sadik Shaikh ◽  
Rekha Shahapurkar

Greywater reuse furthermore, reusing can be an incredible method to get non-consumable water. Since it contains broke down pollutions, greywater can’t be utilized straightforwardly. As an outcome, it is critical to decide the nature of water prior to utilizing it. Body estimations require five days to finish, while COD estimations require only a couple of hours. Not exclusively improve models for evaluating water quality are required; however, a more coordinated methodology is additionally getting more normal. Most of these models require a wide scope of information that isn’t in every case promptly available, making it a costly and tedious activity. Because of different issues in the enlistment with estimation included in water quality boundaries like BOD as well as COD, the principal objective of this investigation is to track down the best multivariate direct relapse models for foreseeing complex water quality outcomes. The code was written in Python for multi-variable information sources, and a Linear Regression Model was created. The projected COD versus estimated COD chart shows that the noticed and expected qualities are practically the same. The R-squared worth was 0.9973. A plot of extended BOD as an element of COD is likewise remembered for the outcome.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 100120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Hess ◽  
Chiara Baum ◽  
Konstanze Schiessl ◽  
Michael D. Besmer ◽  
Frederik Hammes ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Gustavo Oliveira Pinto ◽  
Luis Carlos Soares da Silva Junior ◽  
Daniel Bouzon Nagem Assad ◽  
Samira Herculano Pereira ◽  
Luiz Carlos Brasil de Brito Mello

Abstract The increase in water demand in recent years led to the expansion of research and public policies on the reuse of water, especially greywater (GW). Given the diversity of research in the area, this paper proposes an analysis of the evolution of the area through an objectivity metric. Metadata of 1,524 publications indexed in the Scopus database between 1974 and 2021 were analyzed using the VOSviewer tool, and exponential growth in publications from 2013. Six different spelling variations were found for GW in the database. Despite the highly geographical scattering of academic production, developed countries, who began researching greywater earlier, had more connections and published more papers; except for Israel, which stood up with the highest average of citations per article. While developed countries lead the research area, developing countries are emerging in GW reuse research. These aspects reveal both the dispersion of the research structure development and a trend of intellectual production in GW from developed to developing countries. Also, we noted that countries suffering from water scarcity stood out with the highest activity in paper publishing. Thus, we expect that future research on GW reuse will take place in developing countries that face water scarcity.


Author(s):  
Mohamed A Hamouda ◽  
Jamila Al Mansoori ◽  
Maitha Al Nuaimi ◽  
Muna Alsaedi ◽  
Mouza Al Shamsi

Wastewater originating from bathtubs, showers, hand basins, kitchen sinks, dishwashers and laundry machines is usually not as heavily polluted as toilet water and is thus given the name greywater. Greywater separation for onsite reuse has often been voiced as a viable option, particularly for areas suffering from water scarcity. Such areas include remote arid areas, such as desert cities and arid coastal zones. However, issues related to consistency in the quality and quantity of generated greywater were listed as challenges hindering the adoption of greywater reuse. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize the different greywater sources for variations in the quality and quantity of greywater in households in the city of Al Ain, UAE over a period of 3 months. Samples were collected from 10 Households and tested for the typical water quality parameters (pH, turbidity, COD, and TDS). In addition, a questionnaire was designed to get an estimate of the greywater flow in the different households. Results indicate that the average daily greywater production was around 88 L per person per day. Even though the results of the water quality analysis for light greywater sources (laundry, showers, and hand basins) exhibited high variability, it was still suitable for direct irrigation. The quantification of greywater flow and potential water savings indicated that greywater could be sufficient for onsite reuse in non-crop irrigation in some of the households.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Jean Craig

Using shower wastewater to flush toilets decreases the potable water demand of residential buildings, reducing pressure on existing water supplies. “Off- the-shelf” greywater reuse systems intended for single-family residential dwellings have recently become commercially available, but have variable field performance. A standard field testing methodology was developed and applied to a greywater reuse system installed in 23 homes in Southern Ontario. Performance was quantified by measuring the water balance, water quality, energy consumption, durability, maintenance requirements, installation process, economics and user satisfaction with the system. The tested system was found to save, on average, 40.9 litres per household per day, occasionally meet water quality guidelines and generally have less maintenance and durability issues than previous generations, resulting in satisfied users. However, due to low water rates and high capital costs, there is a need for government subsidization of these systems which will ultimately, reduce pressure placed on centralized water infrastructure.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Jean Craig

Using shower wastewater to flush toilets decreases the potable water demand of residential buildings, reducing pressure on existing water supplies. “Off- the-shelf” greywater reuse systems intended for single-family residential dwellings have recently become commercially available, but have variable field performance. A standard field testing methodology was developed and applied to a greywater reuse system installed in 23 homes in Southern Ontario. Performance was quantified by measuring the water balance, water quality, energy consumption, durability, maintenance requirements, installation process, economics and user satisfaction with the system. The tested system was found to save, on average, 40.9 litres per household per day, occasionally meet water quality guidelines and generally have less maintenance and durability issues than previous generations, resulting in satisfied users. However, due to low water rates and high capital costs, there is a need for government subsidization of these systems which will ultimately, reduce pressure placed on centralized water infrastructure.


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