scholarly journals Trends in global greywater reuse: a bibliometric analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Oliveira Pinto ◽  
Luis Carlos Soares da Silva Junior ◽  
Daniel Bouzon Nagem Assad ◽  
Samira Herculano Pereira ◽  
Luiz Carlos Brasil de Brito Mello
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structure Development ◽  
Academic Production ◽  
Intellectual Production ◽  
Research Structure ◽  
Greywater Reuse

Abstract The increase in water demand in recent years led to the expansion of research and public policies on the reuse of water, especially greywater (GW). Given the diversity of research in the area, this paper proposes an analysis of the evolution of the area through an objectivity metric. Metadata of 1,524 publications indexed in the Scopus database between 1974 and 2021 were analyzed using the VOSviewer tool, and exponential growth in publications from 2013. Six different spelling variations were found for GW in the database. Despite the highly geographical scattering of academic production, developed countries, who began researching greywater earlier, had more connections and published more papers; except for Israel, which stood up with the highest average of citations per article. While developed countries lead the research area, developing countries are emerging in GW reuse research. These aspects reveal both the dispersion of the research structure development and a trend of intellectual production in GW from developed to developing countries. Also, we noted that countries suffering from water scarcity stood out with the highest activity in paper publishing. Thus, we expect that future research on GW reuse will take place in developing countries that face water scarcity.

Hospital information systems in developing countries: a state-of-the-art systematic review

Kybernetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Lei ◽  
Jianming Liu ◽  
Wu Li
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information System ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government

Purpose Hospital information system (HIS) can be examined as a vital factor for developing the quality of health care and cost managing. There exists abundant literature on HISs, but implementation-based literature of HIS is rare, typically about progressive countries. However, a study that can comprehensively review published articles is scarce. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the systematic and comprehensive study of HIS in developed countries. Together, the benefits and harms relevant to HIS’s different mechanisms have been considered, and the fundamental challenges of them are addressed to design more efficient HIS in the future. Design/methodology/approach HIS has been used globally for numerous years and is now being used in a wide area. HIS is broadly used in clinical settings. Information technology (IT) and information system have been suggested as a required piece to solve the health-care-related issues. Hence, to improve HIS’s ability, this paper conducted a review method concentratating on research related to HIS until 2019. A total of 21 papers were recognized and examined as principal research for the summary. Findings The authors found that HIS can help in reduction of medical mistakes, enhancement doctors’ performance and increase in the quality of the care provided. HIS management can be used to provide better health-care services. Therefore, HIS must be sensible and use clear structures. The authors conclude that, generally, with an increase in awareness, acceptability and the need for HIS worldwide, there will be more strategies and approaches available. Research limitations/implications First, this paper provides an outline of the status of HIS. Second, it identifies some distinct research gaps that could be worth studying. Some flawless work may be removed because of applying some filters to select the original articles. Surveying all the papers on the topic of HIS is impossible, too. Practical implications Design and sustainability of HIS is still a big issue for most developing countries, despite its wide usage in the developed countries. The technology is changing rapidly, so the field should be reviewed regularly. This paper suggests a suitable framework that will guide HIS in the local conditions of developing countries. Social implications The government will be assisted by the suggested solving ways in its performance and design of electronic health-care projects. Originality/value The study brings the viewpoints on the state of HIS mechanisms in developing countries. The paper’s results can offer visions into future research requirements. By providing comparative information and analyzing the current growths in this area, this study will support researchers and professionals to understand the progress in HIS mechanisms better.

M-Government and Its Application on Public Service Delivery

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Vannie Naidoo ◽  
Thokozani Ian Nzimakwe
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Improve Service Delivery

Technology has taken over every aspect of society. It is only fitting that governments embrace technological changes in society and develop m-government for the technologically savvy people of today's society. A global change that is transforming the government sector is the use of ICTs to improve service delivery. In this chapter, the following themes will be investigated and discussed: e-government, defining mobile government, different perspectives on mobile government, mobile government in developed countries, mobile government in developing countries, benefits and limitations of mobile government, way forward in implementing mobile government, and future research in areas of mobile government.

Comparing E-Government Research in Developed vs. Emerging Economies

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Laura Alcaide Muñoz ◽  
Manuel Pedro Rodríguez Bolívar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Government Research

Many countries have implemented changes in public sector management models based on the strategic and intensive use of new information and communication technologies. However, most research has focused on developed countries, with the area of emerging economies being neglected. This chapter offers a framework to help public administrators and researchers evaluate the field of e-Government research in emerging economies, identifying research gaps and possibilities for improvement in the context of e-government research in developing countries. The findings reveal the existence of various research gaps and highlight areas that should be addressed in future research, especially in developing countries. Indeed, the research approach to e-government remains immature, focusing on particular cases or dimensions, while little has been done to produce theories or models to clarify and explain the political processes of e-government.

scholarly journals The Paths of Internationalization of Chinese Innovative Firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2575
Author(s):  
Hongping Du ◽  
Liliana Mitkova ◽  
Na Wang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Entry Mode Choice ◽  
Market Location ◽  
Wholly Owned Subsidiary ◽  
Entry Speed

Innovative enterprises from emerging markets, such as China, are a group of understudied enterprises, which could generate new and important views on internationalization. Some unique characteristics of Chinese innovative enterprises are creating new ideas that help to a better understanding of entry mode choice, market location choice, and entry speed in the paths of internationalization. Drawing on an unbalanced panel of Chinese innovative enterprises’ outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) event data, we analyzed the tendency of the paths of internationalization of Chinese innovative enterprises and the determining factors that influence the Chinese innovative enterprises’ choice in entry mode, market location, and entry speed. The results show that: (1) Chinese innovative enterprises are more likely to choose developing countries than developed countries. (2) When these firms conduct investment activities in developed countries, the probability rank (from high to low) of entry mode choice is acquisition, along with the wholly-owned subsidiary, exporting and joint venture. When these firms expand the business in developing countries, the entry mode of export is most likely to be chosen and the acquisition is least likely to be chosen. (3) This tendency and paths choice of internationalization in entry mode, market location and entry speed are influenced by the international experience, the multidimensional proximity, psychic distance, internationalization motivation, ownership structure, and innovation ability. Finally, we discuss these contributions and make some suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Consumers Become More or Less Ethnocentric? A Meta-Analysis on Level of Consumer Ethnocentrism

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongxing Guo ◽  
Quan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Consumer Ethnocentrism ◽  
Research Gap

A huge body of research on consumer ethnocentrism has occurred in cross-cultural consumer behavior research area since the seminal work of Shimp and Sharma (1987). There is, however, a research gap on meta-analysis of the level of consumer ethnocentrism. This study seeks to address this gap by employing, as far as we are aware, the first meta-analysis on level of consumer ethnocentrism. we draw several conclusions with meta-analytical data of 153 mean values in 87 articles during the period of 1987 to 2013 (N = 42840): (1) The average score of consumer ethnocentrism is 3.58 (7 in total); (2) General consumers are more ethnocentric than student consumers; (3) Consumers in developing countries are more ethnocentric than consumers in developed countries.

The International Political Economy of Regionalism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja A. Börzel ◽  
Soo Yeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Currency Unions ◽  
Rising Powers ◽  
Transatlantic Trade ◽  
Regulatory Standards ◽  
New Research

Economic regionalism has been dominated by preferential trade agreements (PTAs). Not only have their numbers surged since the end of the Cold War, we also see different varieties of PTAs emerging. First, long-standing PTAs have evolved into deeper forms of economic regionalism, such as custom unions, common markets, or currency unions. Second, PTAs increasingly involve “behind-the-border” trade liberalization, such as the coordination of domestic trade–related regulatory standards. Third, many of the PTAs that were established over the past 25 years no longer only involve countries of the “Global North” but are formed by developing and developed countries (“North-South” PTAs) and between developing countries (“South-South” PTAs). Finally, a most recent development in economic regionalism concerns the building of so called “mega-PTAs,” such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TTP) and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), combining several PTAs.In order to explain the formation, proliferation, and evolution of these varieties of PTA, existing international political economy (IPE) approaches have to give more credit to political factors, such as the locking-in of domestic reforms or the preservation of regional stability. Moreover, IPE scholarship should engage more systematically with diffusion research, particularly to account for the spate of deeper regionalism. Finally, “rising powers” and “emerging markets” constitute an exciting new research area for IPE. These new players differ with regard to the importance they attribute to regionalism and the ways in which they have sought to use and shape it. Identifying and explaining variations in the link between rising powers and regionalism is a key challenge for future research

Adoption of and compliance with IFRS in developing countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Samaha ◽  
Hichem Khlif
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cost Of Equity Capital ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review a synthesis of theories and empirical studies dealing with the adoption of and compliance with IFRS in developing countries in an attempt to provide directions for future research. Design/methodology/approach – The review focusses on four main streams including: first, the motives for IFRS adoption; second, corporate characteristics and the degree of compliance with IFRS; third, the economic consequences of IFRS adoption and finally; fourth, the use of regulation as an enforcement mechanism to monitor compliance with IFRS. The authors review empirical studies specifically devoted to developing countries. Findings – Regarding the first stream relating to IFRS adoption, the macroeconomic decision of adopting IFRS in developing countries can be justified by two main theories which are: the economic theory of network (Katz and Shapiro, 1985) and isomorphism (DiMaggio and Powell, 1991), however, empirical evidence in developing countries to confirm these theories is limited. Regarding the second stream relating to corporate characteristics and the degree of compliance with IFRS, the authors find that the results are mixed. Regarding the third stream relating to the economic consequences of IFRS adoption, it seems that the evidence is still limited in developing countries especially with respect to the impact of IFRS adoption on foreign direct investment, cost of equity capital and earnings management. Regarding the fourth and final stream in relation to regulation, enforcement and compliance with IFRS, the authors find that research is very limited. It was evidenced in the very few research studies conducted, that global disclosure standards are optimal only if compliance is monitored and enforced by efficient institutions. Practical implications – The author’s study attempts to provide a foundational knowledge resource that will inform practitioners, researchers and regulators in developing countries about the relevance of the different theories that exist in the accounting literature to explain the adoption of and compliance with IFRS. Originality/value – Compared to developed countries, the four streams outlined remain under-researched in developing countries. Therefore, researchers should examine these topics in developing countries to inform practitioners, regulators and the capital market about the effects of adopting IFRS and their relevance to developing countries. In addition, researchers should embark on identifying new theories to explain the adoption of and compliance with IFRS in developing countries that take into consideration the socioeconomic culture of these settings.

scholarly journals Telemedicine for Developing Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 1025-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Combi ◽  
Gabriele Pozzani ◽  
Giuseppe Pozzi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Telemedicine System ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Social Organizational

SummaryBackground Developing countries need telemedicine applications that help in many situations, when physicians are a small number with respect to the population, when specialized physicians are not available, when patients and physicians in rural villages need assistance in the delivery of health care. Moreover, the requirements of telemedicine applications for developing countries are somewhat more demanding than for developed countries. Indeed, further social, organizational, and technical aspects need to be considered for successful telemedicine applications in developing countries.Objective We consider all the major projects in telemedicine, devoted to developing countries, as described by the proper scientific literature. On the basis of such literature, we want to define a specific taxonomy that allows a proper classification and a fast overview of telemedicine projects in developing countries. Moreover, by considering both the literature and some recent direct experiences, we want to complete such overview by discussing some design issues to be taken into consideration when developing telemedicine software systems.Methods We considered and reviewed the major conferences and journals in depth, and looked for reports on the telemedicine projects.Results We provide the reader with a survey of the main projects and systems, from which we derived a taxonomy of features of telemedicine systems for developing countries. We also propose and discuss some classification criteria for design issues, based on the lessons learned in this research area.Conclusions We highlight some challenges and recommendations to be considered when designing a telemedicine system for developing countries.Citation: Combi C, Pozzani G, Pozzi G. Telemedicine for developing countries: a survey and some design issues.

scholarly journals PhD Students’ Background and Program Characteristics as Related to Success in Kenyan Universities

10.28945/4467 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 057-074
Author(s):  
Hyrine Mueni Matheka ◽  
Ellen E.P.W.A. Jansen ◽  
Adriaan W.H.A Hofman
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Program Characteristics ◽  
Students Success

Aim/Purpose: Kenya plans to be a middle-income country by the year 2030. To achieve this development target, the country has rapidly expanded its university sub-sector in order to produce the requisite skilled professionals. This has put a strain on the available PhD holders thus heightening the pressure on universities to produce more PhD graduates to meet the required larger pool of highly qualified professionals to service the academia and other sectors of the economy. However, the PhD graduation rate per year is very low and unexplained. This study sought to explain the factors influencing PhD success rates in Kenyan universities. Background: This cross-sectional study set out to establish how PhD students’ background and program characteristics are related to their success. This knowledge will inform policies and strategies to enhance PhD training and success in Kenya. Methodology: Data on 1,992 PhD students was collected from 10 universities by using the Microsoft Excel data tool to collect administrative data. The researchers utilized the data collection to construct a quantitative research design. The PhD students were enrolled in the following program domains/clusters: Humanities and Social Sciences, Business and Economics, Physical and Life Sciences, Applied Sciences and Medical Sciences. Contribution: PhD success factors have been extensively studied in developed countries. This paper builds on this body of knowledge with a specific focus on developing countries like Kenya. Findings: Students’ background characteristics (age, nationality, gender, financial support and marital statuses) were not related to PhD students’ success, however, full-time employed PhD students had better progression than their part-time colleagues. Program characteristics (program cluster and mode of study) were significantly related to students’ success. Students who had delayed for two years or more years had limited chance to graduate. Recommendations for Practitioners: To improve the PhD education system, practitioners should endeavor to monitor and track the progress of their PhD students. To do this, the researchers recommend that the universities collect and keep good records of these types of data. Universities should come up with strategies to build on or mitigate against the factors that have been identified to influence PhD success. Recommendation for Researchers: The researchers recommend further research, especially in developing countries, to understand the PhD study systems and inform effective interventions. Impact on Society: To identify, conceptualize or mitigate against the factors which influence PhD success lead to higher success in PhD training in order to enhance knowledge to solve societal problems. Future Research: Further research is recommended especially in the context of developing countries to establish how supervisor–student interactions, availability of infrastructural resources, and students’ motivation, efficacy and well-being relate to PhD success in Kenyan universities

Mobile-Assisted Language Learning

2018 ◽  
pp. 172-186
Author(s):  
Elham Mohammadi ◽  
Zahra Sadat Shirkamar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Asynchronous Learning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Mobile Assisted Language Learning ◽  
The Status ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
Definition Of

Nowadays every aspect of humans' life, including education, is affected by technological advancements. Given this, teaching and learning have gone through various changes and are now space- and time-independent in the sense that they can happen at any time anywhere. MALL as a type of IT-based instruction has been popular in many developed countries, while in the developing countries the attitude and requirements for its implementation are not yet ready. In the present chapter, an attempt has been made to review the definition of MALL, synchronous/asynchronous learning, learners' perception of MALL, the status of MALL in developed and developing countries, and finally the challenges facing developing countries for implementing MALL in their educational systems. It also tries to give an insight into the cross-cultural differences affecting the use and implementation of MALL and admits there are further avenues to explore variables mediating the application of new technologies in different cultural settings. In the end, some solutions and recommendations for future research are offered.

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