Influence of Psychological Supervision on Athletes’ Compliance, Mental Elasticity Characteristics and Acute Stress Disorder in Traumatic Fracture Rehabilitation Training

Background: We aimed to explore the effect of psychological supervision on rehabilitation training compliance, mental elasticity characteristics, and acute stress disorder. Methods: From March 2018 to March 2020, 128 athletes with traumatic fractures in Zhoukou Sports Club in China were divided into two groups using the random number table method, The intervention group (64 athletes) received psychological supervision during the rehabilitation training, while the control group (64 athletes) without psychological supervision. The rehabilitation training compliance in the two groups was observed, and the mental elasticity characteristics and acute stress disorder changes were compared between the two groups before and post-intervention. Results: The compliance rate during postoperative rehabilitation training in the intervention group is 92.19%, which was significantly higher than 73.44% in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the scores before intervention, the CD-RISC score and SASRD score of the two groups were significantly lower than the scores post-intervention. The SMFA function and vexation indexes of the intervention group in three months after operation were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The QOL scores of the intervention group in social, environmental, psychological, and physiological fields were significantly higher than those of the control group in three months after operation (P<0.05). Conclusion: The implementation of psychological supervision for athletes with traumatic fractures could improve rehabilitation training compliance, increase the level of mental elasticity, and relieve acute stress disorder.

TGF-β1 and its signal molecules: are they correlated with the elasticity characteristics of breast lesions?

Background Shear wave elastography can evaluate tissue stiffness. Previous studies showed that the elasticity characteristics of breast lesions were related to the components of extracellular matrix which was regulated by transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1) directly or indirectly. However, the correlation of the expression level of TGF-β1, its signal molecules and elasticity characteristics of breast lesions have rarely been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the expression level of TGF-β1, its signal molecules, and the elasticity characteristics of breast lesions. Methods 135 breast lesions in 130 patients were included. Elasticity parameters, including elasticity modulus, the elasticity ratio, the “stiff rim sign”, were recorded before biopsy and surgical excision. The expression levels of TGF-β1 and its signal molecules, including Smad2/3, Erk1/2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (JNK2), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) were detected by immunohistochemistry. The diagnostic performance of the expression level of those molecules and their correlation with the elasticity characteristics were analyzed. Results Elasticity parameters and the expression levels of TGF- β1 and its signal molecules of benign lesions were lower than those of malignant lesions (P<0.0001). The expression levels of TGF- β1 and its signal molecules were correlated with elasticity parameters. The expression levels of TGF- β1 and its signal molecules in lesions with “stiff rim sign” were higher than those without “stiff rim sign” (P<0.05). And the expression levels of Smad2/3, Erk1/2, p38 MAPK, JNK2, PI3K and AKT were correlated with that of TGF- β1. The area under the curve for receiver operator characteristic curve of TGF-β1 and its signal molecules in the differentiation of malignant and benign breast lesions ranged from 0.920–0.960. Conclusions The expression levels of TGF-β1, its signal molecules of breast lesions showed good diagnostic performance and were correlated with the elasticity parameters. The expression levels of signal molecules were correlated with that of TGF- β1, which speculated that TGF- β1 might play an important role in the regulation of breast lesion elasticity parameters and multiple signal molecule expressions.

Evaluation of the Dynamic Behavior, Elastic Properties, and in Vitro Bioactivity of Some Borophosphosilicate Glasses for Orthopedic Applications

The present work employed the finite element model (FEM) to predict the influence of successive increases in borate (B2O3) contents, from 0 to 25 mol%, on both the mechanical properties and dynamic behavior. By feeding the isotropic elasticity characteristics of the phosphosilicate glass to the model, such as Young's modulus, density, and maximum compressive stress of the produced glass samples to fit the aim of their clinical use. The effect of successive addition of B2O3 on the in vitro bioactivity of the examined glasses in addition to examined after being dipped in simulated body fluid (SBF) at different times. Moreover, tracking the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA)-like layers on their surfaces using X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results obtained indicated that increasing B2O3 content to 25% was responsible for improving the deflect resistance by 39%. On the other hand, neither shear stress nor principles stress was affected by this increase in B2O3 content. Moreover, the gradual increases in B2O3 contents were very helpful in improving the bioactivity of the samples. From these promising results, the prepared glasses can be successfully used in bone replacement applications.

Relationship between the Molecular Coil Dimension and the Energy Storage Modulus of Polymer Solution Configured with Oilfield-Produced Sewage

Polymer viscoelastic solution is the non-Newtonian fluid and widely used in oil production. In the process of seepage, the mechanism of the polymer solution with different molecular coil dimensions (Dh) flooding on remaining oil is unknown. By using the dynamic light scattering instrument, the molecular coil dimension of the polymer solution is tested. By using the HAAKE rheometer, the creep recovery test data of the polymer solution under the same creep time condition are obtained. The effects of polymer solutions with different Dh on residual oil are observed, by using the visible pore model. The results show that the higher the molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer, the larger the size of the molecular coil dimension. The elasticity characteristics of the polymer solution are sensitive to the molecular coil dimension. As Dh of polymer molecules becomes larger, the contribution of the elastic portion to the viscosity of the polymer solution increases. The higher the Mw of polymer is, the longer the molecular chain is and the size of Dh is larger. On the condition of the polymer solution with different Mw with 2.5 g/L, when Dh is between 320.0 nm and 327.8 nm, the ratio of the elastic part in the apparent viscosity exceeds the proportion of the viscous part, and the polymer solution composition after these data can be used as a comparative study of elasticity for residual oil use. In the visible pore model, the pore-throat ratio is 3.5, the ER of water flooding is 54.26%, the ER of the polymer solution with Dh = 159.7 nm is 75.28%, and the increase of ER is 21.02% than that of water flooding. With the increase of Dh to 327.8 nm, the final ER of the experimental polymer solution is 97.82%, and the increase of ER of the polymer solution than that of water flooding is 43.56%. However, in the model with a pore-throat ratio of 7.0 and the same polymer solution with Dh = 327.8 nm, the increase of ER of the polymer solution is only 10.44% higher than that of water flooding. The effect of the polymer solution with the same Dh is deteriorated with the increase of the pore-throat ratio.