Do trabalho para a EJA: práticas sociais e formação de professores no/do/para o campo

A atuação na Educação de Jovens e Adultos do campo pressupõe considerar os alunos que chegam à EJA como trabalhadores que lutam por uma vida digna, e carregam inúmeras experiências produzindo conhecimentos em cada prática social vivenciada. Deste modo, o trabalho no/do campo é uma temática fértil para ser considerada na formação de professores para a EJA. Neste artigo, assumimos as reflexões de Miguel Arroyo como referencial teórico para a formação de professores para a EJA e apresentamos a experiência pedagógica frente à disciplina de EJA em um curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo no Estado de Minas Gerais com o propósito de discutir a potencialidade do trabalho no/do campo, enquanto prática social para a prática pedagógica de futuros professores da EJA do campo. As informações provêm de 52 trabalhos finais da disciplina ao longo dos anos de 2019 e 2020. Podemos observar um grande número de práticas sociais emergentes dos contextos dos licenciandos, predominantemente do campo, com destaque para o cultivo e/ou produção de derivados da mandioca. Percebemos ainda a existência de conhecimentos matemáticos e científicos nestas práticas o que possibilitou aos licenciandos a proposição de aulas para contextos de EJA, utilizando-se da potencialidade da temática para um diálogo entre a atividade exercida pelos trabalhadores da EJA e os conhecimentos escolares. O trabalho no/do campo passa a ser assumido por estes licenciandos como locais de produção de conhecimentos, prática social, a qual seu modo de viver e sobreviver são aspectos estreitamente vinculados a um projeto de campo emancipatório.Palavras-chave: Trabalho enquanto prática social; Formação de professores para a EJA; Educação no/do campo.From work to EJA: social practices and teacher training in/of/for rural educationABSTRACTThe acting in the Youth and Adult Education presupposes considering the students who come to EJA as workers who fight for a dignified life and carry countless experiences producing knowledge in each social practice experienced. Thus, peasant work is a fertile topic to be considered in the training of teachers for EJA. In this article, we take Miguel Arroyo's reflections as a theoretical framework for teacher education for EJA and present the pedagogical experience facing the EJA discipline in a degree course in Rural Education in the State of Minas Gerais with the purpose of discussing the potential of rural work in/in, as a social practice for the pedagogical practice of future teachers of the EJA of the rural education. The information comes from the 52 course's final works throughout the years 2019 and 2020. We can observe a large number of social practices emerging from the contexts of the undergraduates, predominantly from the countryside, with an emphasis on the cultivation and/or production of cassava derivatives. We also noticed the existence of mathematical and scientific knowledge in these practices, which enabled the undergraduates to propose classes for EJA contexts, using the potential of the theme for a dialogue between the activity performed by EJA workers and school knowledge. Rurak Work in/the is assumed by these graduates as places of production of knowledge, a social practice to which their way of living and surviving are aspects closely linked to an emancipatory project.Keywords: Work as a social practice; Teacher training for EJA; Rural education.Del Trabajo a EJA: prácticas sociales y formación de profesores em/de/para el campoRESUMENLa actuación en la Educación de Jóvenes y adultos en el campo presupone considerar a los estudiantes que llegan a EJA como trabajadores que luchan por una vida digna y llevan innumerables experiencias productoras de conocimiento en cada práctica social vivida. Así, el trabajo en / en el campo es un tema fértil a ser considerado en la formación de docentes para EJA. En este artículo, tomamos las reflexiones de Miguel Arroyo como marco teórico para la formación de la maestria para EJA y presentamos la experiencia pedagógica que enfrenta la disciplina EJA en un curso de Grado en Educación Rural en el Estado de Minas Gerais con el propósito de discutir el potencial del trabajo en / en el campo, como una práctica social para la práctica pedagógica de futuros profesores de la EJA del campo. La información proviene de los trabajos finales de la disciplina durante los años 2019 y 2020. Podemos observar una gran cantidad de prácticas sociales que emergen de los contextos de los estudiantes, predominantemente del campo, con énfasis en el cultivo y / o producción de derivados de la yuca. También notamos la existencia de conocimientos matemáticos y científicos en estas prácticas, lo que permitió a los estudiantes de pregrado proponer clases para contextos EJA, utilizando el potencial de la temática para un diálogo entre la actividad realizada por los trabajadores de EJA y el conocimiento escolar. El trabajo en / en el campo es asumido por estos egresados como lugares de producción de conocimiento, una práctica social para la cual su forma de vivir y sobrevivir son aspectos muy ligados a un proyecto de campo emancipador. Palabras clave: Trabajo como práctica social; Formación de professores para EJA; Educación de campo.

Multimodal Participation and Engagement

Traditionally, teachers and researchers have looked for student participation in moments when teachers provide interactional space for it – this book takes a more holistic approach, examining how learners are participating (or not) throughout classroom interaction. It looks beyond turn-taking to consider participation as a multimodal phenomenon, including actions such as posture and gaze. It also expands the scope of classroom conversation analysis in three ways: 1) by focusing on student actions 2) by incorporating multimodal analysis, and 3) by examining both language learning contexts and non-L2 classrooms. In doing so the book uncovers how the identity of ‘being a student’ is enacted and provides implications for practice, teacher education and observation including emphasis on teacher interactional awareness and reflective practice.

EVALUATION OF THE PRESCHOOL TEACHING PRACTICE I-II COURSE ACCORDING TO THE VIEWS OF THE PRACTICE TEACHERS AND THE STUDENT TEACHERS

It is stated that one of the most important stages in the training of a teacher is that teacher candidates gain practical teaching experience in schools (Ünlüönen & Boylu, 2007). Together with the lecturers in the faculty, the people who will contribute to the training of the teacher candidate and guide the teacher candidate in the school dimension of the process, namely the application part, are the practice teachers. MoNE defines the practice teacher as "the teacher who has a teaching formation in the practice school, selected from among the experienced teachers, guides and counsels the teacher candidate in gaining the behaviors required by the teaching profession". Practice teachers should be open to collaboration, willing to introduce teaching-learning processes, and sharing (Coşkun & Yalın Uçar, 2012). Since the application students gained their first professional experience under the guidance of the practice within the scope of the Teaching Practice course, the practice teacher should understand the importance of this process and know his responsibility. Teacher candidates find the opportunity to apply the knowledge they have acquired at the end of their 4-year undergraduate education in a real environment for the first time. Based on these points, the aim of this study is to evaluate the opinions of preschool student teachers studying at the same university and practice teachers about their practices in preschool education institutions within the scope of the "Teaching Practice I-II" course. This research was carried out to determine the opinions of 10 pre-school teachers working in 5 state kindergartens randomly selected from Küçükçekmece, Bakırköy and Ataköy districts of Istanbul province and 10 preschool stundent teachers studying at a foundation university in Istanbul on Teaching Practice I-II courses. Within the scope of the research, two data collection tools, "Teacher Interview Form" and "Student Interview Form", were used. The teachers and student teachers were determined by using the "snowball sampling" method. In the research, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 20 people, including 10 preschool student teachers and 10 practice teachers. While the student teachers found the education they received at the university as theoretical and they could not implement activities that might interest children in the classroom, the practice teachers stated that the presence of teacher candidates in their classrooms provided an advantage especially in terms of supporting them in art activities, but they did not find their classroom management dominance sufficient. While the student teachers found their communication with them good, they stated that the student teachers should improve themselves in the activity implementation processes.

Assessment and decision making under the spotlight:

In social work education failing placement is a seismic event. There are many complex reasons why placements fail; the student fails the placement, the placement fails the student, the practice teacher fails the student, the student fails themselves and the university fails or upholds all. With a failed placement the spotlight falls on the student, the practice teacher, tutor and the university. There are professional standards, reputations, academic policies and procedures at stake, notwithstanding the protection of the service user as the central concern. This article presents four failed Masters in Social Work placement assessments, two case examples from practice failures and two from portfolio failures. Analyses and reports are shared from initial difficulties and procedural organization, through to the forensics of final decision. Consideration is also given to current research and a ‘what happened next’ section is included.

Contextualizing "Practice": Helping Pre-Service Teachers Unpack the Ideological and Sociopolitical Dimensions of Required Practices for Licensure

The turn toward “practice” in teacher education, while controversial, has become a reality for many programs that prepare pre-service teachers for state licensure. This conceptual paper argues that while many people link teacher quality to educational equity, a focus on discrete teaching practices alone is insufficient to address inequitable outcomes in schooling. In addition to developing pre-service teachers to be critically conscious of the contexts in which their work is embedded, I contend that pre-service teachers may also benefit from contextualizing prescribed teaching practices themselves. Using examples from essential “elements” for teaching in the state of Massachusetts, I demonstrate two ways that required practices are themselves ideological and sociopolitical manifestations. By highlighting the ideological and sociopolitical discourse embedded within elements of effective teaching practice, teacher educators have the potential to prepare pre-service teachers to become critical consumers of practice.

Mesterlære i praksisveiledning i lærerutdanning: Individuell, relasjonell eller i praksisfelleskap? En studie av eksamenstekster

Hensikten med artikkelen er å undersøke hvordan deltakere i en videreutdanning for praksislærere i en videregående skole diskuterer muligheter og utfordringer i praksis-opplæringen i sine eksamenstekster i lys av hovedtrekk fra teori om mesterlære. Som yrkesfaglærerutdanner, tidligere yrkesfaglærer og praksislærer, ønsker jeg å undersøke om og hvordan en praktisk kunnskapstradisjon, hvor modell-læring inngår, og som har sitt utgangspunkt i praksis og praksisfellesskap, preger diskusjonen om utfordringer og muligheter i dagens praksisopplæring (Nielsen & Kvale, 1999a). Artikkelens utgangs-punkt er 10 av 31 gruppebaserte eksamensbesvarelser fra en videreutdanning (7,5 studiepoeng) gjennomført ved én av NTNUs universitetsskoler i vårsemesteret 2016. I artikkelen besvares følgende problemstilling: Hvordan bruker praksislærerne hoved-trekk fra mesterlære i drøftinger av utfordringer og muligheter i praksisveiledning? Tematisk tekstanalyse av eksamensoppgavene (Widén, 2017) identifiserte tre hoved-trekk fra mesterlære i lærernes drøfting av organiseringen av praksisveiledning. Temaene er 1) Modell-læring, 2) Relasjonskompetanse, og 3) Praksisfellesskap. Praksislærernes forståelse knyttes til tre funn: 1) Praksislærerne ønsker å vise frem sin praksis for studentene. 2) Praksislærerens relasjonskompetanse og kommunikative kompetanse er grunnleggende viktig i rollen som modell-lærer. 3) Læring i praksis-fellesskap – studentene lærer av flere praksislærere/mestere. Nøkkelord: mesterlære, modell-læring, praksislærer, praksisfellesskap, relasjonskompetanse, praksisveiledning i lærerutdanning Apprenticeship in practice supervision in teacher education: Individual, relational or in community of practice? A study of exam texts AbstractThe purpose of the article is to investigate how participants in a course offered as further education for practice teachers in an upper secondary school discuss opportunities and challenges in the practice training in light of main features of the theory of apprenticeship. As a vocational teacher educator, former vocational teacher and practice teacher, I want to investigate whether and how a practical knowledge tradition, in which model-learning is included, and which is based on practice and communities of practice, characterizes the discussion of challenges in today's practice training (Nielsen & Kvale, 1999a). The article is based on 10 out of 31 group-based exam papers from a further education course (7.5 credits) completed at one of NTNU's university schools during the spring semester 2016. The article answers the following research question: How do the practice teachers use main features of apprenticeship in discussions of challenges and opportunities in practice supervision? The thematic text analysis of the exam papers (Widén, 2016) identified three main features from apprenticeship in the teachers' discussion of the organization of practice supervision. The themes are 1) Model-learning, 2) Relational competence, and 3) Community of practice. The practice teachers' reflection is linked to three findings: 1) The practice teachers want to showcase their practice to the students. 2) Relational competence and the practice teacher's communicative competence are fundamentally important in the role as a model teacher. 3) Practice in working communities – students learn from several practice teachers/ masters. Keywords: apprenticeship, model-learning, practice teacher, community of practice, relational competence, practice supervision in teacher education