Nanocomposites of PCL and SBA-15 Particles Prepared by Extrusion: Structural Characteristics, Confinement of PCL Chains within SBA-15 Nanometric Channels and Mechanical Behavior

A study of different nanocomposites based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and mesoporous SBA-15 silica that were prepared by melt extrusion was carried out by analyzing the possible effect of this filler on the crystalline details of PCL, on its mechanical behavior, and on the eventual observation of the confinement of the polymeric chains within the hollow nanometric silica channels. Thus, simultaneous Small-Angle and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS/WAXS) synchrotron experiments at variable temperature were performed on these PCL nanocomposites with different mesoporous silica contents. The importance of the morphological and structural features was assessed by the changes that were observed during the mechanical response of the final materials, which determined that the presence of mesoporous particles leads to a noticeable reinforcing effect.

An insight on 3D Bioink for fabricating porous materials for tissue engineering applications

Fabrication of biomaterials for Tissue Engineering application by bioprinting has gained enormous attention in the research field, owing to their rapid and reproducibility factor. Progress in organic based mesoporous particles is of great interest in order to accomplish in tissue engineering treatments. Recently, researchers are focusing on different 3D bioinks for attaining 3D matrices to accommodate the drugs and cells for biological efficacies. Bioprinting is a promising field of biomaterials and regenerative medicine for the next generation therapeutics. Different polymeric substances are being evaluated for their printablity based on their rheological and biological properties. Structural fidelity is stabilized by crosslinking methods and their adaptability to microenvironment is assessed using Invitro assays. External Factors such as concentration, temperature, medium and crosslinking agents are the critical determinants for the bionks to achieve the required functionality. Moreover, the choice base chemicals used for the formulation plays a vital role in the cell viability and proliferation that lead to specific tissue growth. The mechanical strength, elastic moduli to bear strength is anchored by the porous nature of the printed scaffolds. Therefore, the influence of porosity in the mechanical and biological strength adds an appropriate value to the printed biomaterial. The present review discusses about the significance of bioprinting technique and strategies employed for printability and to achieve porosity in the developed materials

Targeted Therapy in Chronic Diseases Treatment by Nanomaterial Based Drug Delivery

The application of nanomedicines is increasing rapidly with the promise of targeted and efficient drug delivery. Nanomedicines address the shortcomings of conventional therapy, as evidenced by several preclinical and clinical investigations indicating site-specific drug delivery, reduced side effects, and better treatment outcome. The development of suitable and biocompatible drug delivery vehicles is a prerequisite that has been successfully achieved by using simple and functionalized liposomes, nanoparticles, hydrogels, micelles, dendrimers, and mesoporous particles. A variety of drug delivery vehicles have been established for the targeted and controlled delivery of therapeutic agents in a wide range of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia, asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding of the characteristics of nanoparticles and their interactions with the biological environment will enable us to establish novel strategies for the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis in many diseases, particularly untreatable ones.

Amino Functionalized Micro-Mesoporous Hybrid Particles for the Sustained Release of the Antiretroviral Drug Tenofovir

The sustained release of an antiretroviral agent to women mucosa has been proved as an excellent strategy to reduce the sexual transmission of HIV. Hybrid micro-mesoporous particles have been synthesized and functionalized with a silane coupling agent followed by loading the antiretroviral tenofovir. It has been observed that the disposition of the silane molecule on the surface of the particles determines the interaction mechanism with the antiretroviral molecule loaded independently on the surface area of the particles. In this sense, available and free amino groups are required to achieve a smart pH-responsive material, a condition that is only achieved in those materials containing a silane chemisorbed monolayer. Moreover, the modulation of the release kinetics attributed to the presence of the silane monolayer covering the mesopores has been confirmed by fitting the releasing curves to the first order and Weibull models. The developed micro-mesoporous particles have been demonstrated to be excellent smart-release vehicles for antiviral agents and can be safely used in polymer mucoadhesive vaginal gels.