EXPERIENCE OF INSPECTION OF DAMAGES OF METAL BEARING STRUCTURES

The article deals with the damaged metal structural elements of the out-center compressed I-pillar, corner of a single corner and others. The work of the metal element in the elastic region was experimentally studied and compared with the results of FEM calculation using ANSYS software. Good convergence of results (less than 5%) is received at calculation of stresses in a place of death of the damaged basic brace of a truss of an industrial building. The reliability of the truss element with a defect (0.892) and without it (1.0) and the category of technical condition before and after damage are determined. Despite the fact that the voltage at the site of the defect does not exceed the maximum permissible, the category of technical condition changes from serviceable to serviceable category, and the design itself must be repaired with the elimination of damage on the support strip.

Strain Range Dependence of Young’s Modulus and Size Effects of Mechanical Properties for Chiral Graphene by Molecular Dynamics Simulations

The stress-strain response of pristine monolayer graphene under uniaxial loading/unloading over a larger size range (100nm×100nm) is studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which proves that graphene is perfectly elastic prior to the failure strain. Young’s modulus of graphene is calculated by selecting different strain ranges in the elastic region. It is found that Young’s modulus is strongly dependent on the strain range. When the selected strain ranges are increased from 0.5% to 8%, Young’s modulus of the armchair and zigzag graphene is reduced by approximately 60 Gpa and 150 Gpa, respectively. Based on the Pearson correlation coefficient method, the linearity of the stress-strain curve during graphene stretching is studied. The elastic region of the tensile curve is divided into the linear elastic region and non-linear elastic region. simultaneously, the linear elastic limit strains for the armchair and zigzag graphene are defined to be about 2.5% and 1.5%, respectively, and they are independent of the size of graphene. On this basis, the chirality dependence and size effects of Young’s modulus, failure strain, and fracture strength of pristine monolayer graphene are investigated. The results show that Young’s modulus is dependent on the chiral angle but insensitive to size. The failure strain and fracture strength depend on the chiral angle and have obvious size effects, which decrease with the increase of size range and size ratio.

On the scalar $$\varvec{\pi K}$$ form factor beyond the elastic region

Pion–kaon ($$\pi K$$ π K ) pairs occur frequently as final states in heavy-particle decays. A consistent treatment of $$\pi K$$ π K scattering and production amplitudes over a wide energy range is therefore mandatory for multiple applications: in Standard Model tests; to describe crossed channels in the quest for exotic hadronic states; and for an improved spectroscopy of excited kaon resonances. In the elastic region, the phase shifts of $$\pi K$$ π K scattering in a given partial wave are related to the phases of the respective $$\pi K$$ π K form factors by Watson’s theorem. Going beyond that, we here construct a representation of the scalar $$\pi K$$ π K form factor that includes inelastic effects via resonance exchange, while fulfilling all constraints from $$\pi K$$ π K scattering and maintaining the correct analytic structure. As a first application, we consider the decay $${\tau \rightarrow K_S\pi \nu _\tau }$$ τ → K S π ν τ , in particular, we study to which extent the S-wave $$K_0^*(1430)$$ K 0 ∗ ( 1430 ) and the P-wave $$K^*(1410)$$ K ∗ ( 1410 ) resonances can be differentiated and provide an improved estimate of the CP asymmetry produced by a tensor operator. Finally, we extract the pole parameters of the $$K_0^*(1430)$$ K 0 ∗ ( 1430 ) and $$K_0^*(1950)$$ K 0 ∗ ( 1950 ) resonances via Padé approximants, $$\sqrt{s_{K_0^*(1430)}}=[1408(48)-i\, 180(48)]\,\text {MeV}$$ s K 0 ∗ ( 1430 ) = [ 1408 ( 48 ) - i 180 ( 48 ) ] MeV and $$\sqrt{s_{K_0^*(1950)}}=[1863(12)-i\,136(20)]\,\text {MeV}$$ s K 0 ∗ ( 1950 ) = [ 1863 ( 12 ) - i 136 ( 20 ) ] MeV , as well as the pole residues. A generalization of the method also allows us to formally define a branching fraction for $${\tau \rightarrow K_0^*(1430)\nu _\tau }$$ τ → K 0 ∗ ( 1430 ) ν τ in terms of the corresponding residue, leading to the upper limit $${\text {BR}(\tau \rightarrow K_0^*(1430)\nu _\tau )<1.6 \times 10^{-4}}$$ BR ( τ → K 0 ∗ ( 1430 ) ν τ ) < 1.6 × 10 - 4 .

Investigation of the prediction capability of Yld89 yield criterion for highly anisotropic sheet materials

In the present work, the prediction capability of Yld89 criterion from anisotropic yield func- tions was investigated in the view of the anisotropic behavior of the sheet metals. Investigation was conducted on two highly anisotropic sheet materials: an aluminum alloy (AA2090-T3) and an advanced high strength steel (TRIP 780). The in-plane variation of material anisotropy and normalized yield surface contours were considered in the evaluation of the prediction capability of the criterion. Firstly, the model coefficients were determined according to stress and strain based definitions. Then, the planar variations of the yield stress and plastic strain ratios and normalized yield surface contours of the materials were predicted according to both identification procedures. Finally, the computed results were compared with experiments to evaluate prediction capability of the model. It was observed from the comparisons that the pla- nar variations of the yield stress ratio could successfully predicted by stress based definition, while the variations of the plastic strain ratios in the sheet plane could accurately predicted by strain based definition. Besides, it was determined that elastic region predicted from strain based definition was larger than stress based definition for AA2090-T3, while the predicted elastic region from stress based definition was slightly larger in than that of strain based defi- nition for TRIP 780 material.

Produção de mudas de videira em sistema de enxertia a campo utilizando três materiais no processo de amarração e proteção do enxerto

The experiment aimed to evaluate viability in the production of grapevine seedlings using three materials in the process of mooring and graft protection: elastic + sawdust, Vimeiro + sawdust and biodegradable tape. Was used SO4 rootstock cuttings and grafting with variety BRS Cora. The analyzed indicators were percentage of graft take, quality of the graft callus, seedling classification. The answers regarding the formation of roots were greater in the treatments with lower percentage of catch. The diameter, length and dry weight of the pruning branches did not differ between treatments. Treatments with elastic region mooring and Vimeiro covered with sawdust showed the best results for the percentage of callus and callus quality.

Consolidation Behavior of Clay Supported by Soil-Cement Column

This paper presents the compression and consolidation behaviors of clay supported by soil-cement column. A series of consolidation tests was performed on kaolin samples supported by soil-cement column with the ratio between diameters of column and soil sample () ranging from 0 to 0.4. All samples with soil-cement column were cured for 28 days under the vertical pressure of 25 kPa. The sample preparation techniques simulating dry deep soil mixing method was developed. The test results showed the elastic region expanded with increasing value of . However, there was no effect of on deformation behavior in the elasto-plastic region. Moreover, the value of was considered constant over the range of testing stress level, for the value of of 0 and 0.2. For the value of of 0.3 and 0.4, the values of in the elastic region was greater than that in elasto-plastic region.

The Non-Stationary Dynamic Analytical Solution of a Spherical/Cylindrical Cavity Expansion

A review of the pertinent literature related to the dynamic expansion of a spherical/cylindrical cavity shows that all the solutions with kinematic boundary conditions deal with a constant velocity at the cavity boundary. This paper develops a new general solution of the nonstationary dynamic problem of cavity expansion, which allows the application of time-dependent motion conditions at the cavity boundary. This solution can be used, for example, in the development of approximate approaches for projectiles penetrating with a non-constant velocity into different targets. Due to the complexity of the nonlinear nonstationary problem, an analytical solution of the problem may be developed if simplified constitutive relationships are used. In the present model, a simplified material model with a locked equation of state and a linear shear failure relationship is implemented. This solution may be applied to different materials such as concrete, soil, and rock. Special cases of the newly developed nonstationary solution are compared with different spherical and cylindrical cavity expansions solutions reported in the literature, and a good agreement is obtained. The capability of the present model is demonstrated in a following investigation of representative cases of cavity expansion with zero, constant, and variable acceleration of the cavity boundary. A significant difference in the stress variation for the different cases is shown. Along with the general solution which deals with an elastic–plastic region, a simplified solution which disregards the contribution of the elastic region is presented and the evaluation of the elastic region effect may be assessed.

A Mathematical Solution for Calculating the Springback of Laminated Beech Stacks Molded within the Elastic Range

The springback effect in molded wood laminations within the elastic range has, to date, not yet been mathematically described. Once cured, residual internal stresses within the laminations cause the final form to deviate from that of the die. Test pieces of beech laminations of 1 mm, 2 mm and 4 mm thicknesses and stack sizes of between 2 and 16 laminations were used. The elasticity value of each stack was obtained using non-glued laminations in a three-point bending test within the elastic region. The laminations were glued with polyurethane resin and mounted in a radius form die. The stress induced by the die onto the stack is within the elastic region of the material without any prior chemical or physical plasticisation of the wood. After curing was complete and the laminations removed from the die, the actual radius was calculated using a circular equation within the CAD program, using three measurement points taken from the stack. The radius of the die within the limits of this study has a negligible effect when predicting the springback of the stack. The exponential correlation between springback and the number of laminations, was used to calculate the springback effect on molded laminated stacks.