Studentski stavovi o braku, kohabitaciji i tranziciji u brak

STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS MARRIAGE, COHABITATION AND TRANSITION TO MARRIAGE The paper discusses the understanding of marriage and forms of partnerships in the late modern society, based on data from a survey of students’ attitudes at the University of Rijeka (N = 635). The results reveal ambivalent attitudes about traditional marriage among respondents. Although students reject the idea that every marriage, even a bad one, is superior to other forms of partnerships, the vast majority of them plan to get married in the future. Cohabitation is acceptable to most students and they intend to practise it, but only as a temporary stage before marriage. Attitudes toward traditional marriage and the acceptability of cohabitation were found to be more strongly correlated with the respondents’ overall assessment of how important is it for them to marry than with the assessment of their own future behavior in transition to marriage and parenthood. Religious self-identification is a variable that influences both respondents’ attitudes about traditional marriage and cohabitation and their perception of their own transition to marriage more strongly than other sociodemographic variables. Nevertheless, it has been shown that its effect is greater on the aforementioned attitudes of students than on their perception of their own transition to marriage in the future. Key words: attitudes, traditional marriage, cohabitation, transition to marriage

Between Love and Misogamy: Changing Perceptions of Marriage among German Jews, 1750–1800

Marriage is a central and binding institution of Jewish life. However, as a historical construct, it was never a static, immutable structure. This article focuses on the changing attitudes towards marriage among German Jews in the second half of the eighteenth century. It discusses how rational considerations external to the couple’s personal needs and desires started losing ground, while its function as a framework for emotional and erotic satisfaction intensified. As marriage was increasingly perceived in terms of self-fulfilment, many pursued happiness through matrimony, embracing the new idea of the love marriage. Although this idea developed from contemporary trends in non-Jewish society, maskilic authors used Jewish sources to maintain this position, trying to present it as consistent with tradition rather than as a break from it. The emergence of a romantic discourse was not the only transformation in the perception of marriage. The individualism that impelled the notion of a love marriage led to another type of discourse among Jewish women and men: the discourse against marriage. Using the perspectives of continuity and change, the article seeks to discern the role that Judaism and Jewish sources played in discourses about misogamy and the modernization of the traditional institution of marriage.

Actitudes y expectativas respecto a la paternidad y maternidad de los estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann de Tacna, 2018

Objetivo: Determinar las actitudes y expectativas respecto a la maternidad o paternidad del estudiante de medicina de una universidad pública de Tacna. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo en 253 estudiantes del 1.º al 6.º año de la Escuela de Medicina Humana de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann de Tacna. Semilleros del 6.º año aplicaron encuesta anónima de opción múltiple, con consentimiento informado, en noviembre de 2018, con mentoría del docente del curso de Pediatría III. El procesamiento y análisis de datos se realizó con el programa SPSS v.23. Resultados: El 49.2 % de las mujeres sería madre de los 30 a 35 años; el 47.1 % tendría 2 hijos. De los varones, el 41.5 % sería padre de los 30 a 35 años; el 50 % tendría 2 hijos, y el 53.4 % le gustaría que el primer hijo fuera niño. Respecto al trabajo; el 76.1 % de las mujeres no tomarían doble horario para el sustento de su familia, y el 62 % contrataría una empleada; pero el 52.1 % de los varones sí tomaría doble horario de trabajo. No confían en cunas y jardines: un 67.6 % de mujeres y un 68.5 % de varones. Respecto a actitudes frente al matrimonio; el 62 % de mujeres y 67 % de varones se casaría por civil e iglesia, y solo el 18 % de mujeres y 16 % de varones no se casaría. Además; el 62 % de mujeres no se ligaría las trompas, y el 71 % considera que el ser “ama de casa” es igual de satisfactorio que trabajar por un sueldo; el 32 % de los varones no se haría la vasectomía, y el 74 % no usaría el castigo físico como método correctivo para sus hijos. Conclusión: Los estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann pospondrían la maternidad o paternidad a edades superiores a 30 años, y limitaría el tamaño de su familia. Ambos sexos aún mantienen ideas conservadoras respecto al matrimonio, y las mujeres conservan la idea de ser amas de casa, además de su profesión. Results: 49.2 % of women, would be a mother at 30 to 35 ear old, 47.1 % would have 2 children. Of the men, 41.5 % would be a father at 30 to 35 year old, 50 % would have 2 children and 53.4 % would like the first child to be a boy. Regarding work, 76.1 % of women would not take double shifts at work to support their family and 62 % would hire an employee; but 52.1 % of the men would take double shifts at works. 67.6 % of women and 68.5 % of men do not trust cribs and gardens. Regarding attitudes towards marriage, 62 % of women and 67 % of men would marry by civil and church and only 18 % of women and 16 % of men would not marry. In addition, 62 % of women would not have their tubes tied and 71 % consider that being a homemaker is just as satisfying as working for a salary; 32 % of the men would not have a vasectomy and 74 % would not use physical punishment as a corrective method for their children.

Does youth matter? Long-term effects of youth characteristics on the diversity of partnership trajectories

Previous research has mainly concentrated on the study of certain transitions and the influence of economic and socio-structural factors on partnership status. From a life course perspective, it remains unclear how factors anchored in youth are related to the diversity of partnership biographies. Arguing that individuals act and behave based on prior experiences and resources, I analyse how personal and social resources as well as socio-demographic characteristics influence the turbulence of longitudinal partnership trajectories.Using a longitudinal dataset from the German LifE Study, I examine partnership histories from the ages 16 to 45. The results suggest that in addition to the influence of an individual’s socio-demographic placement (for example, religious commitment and regional living conditions), personal and social resources anchored in youth also have a long-term effect on the diversity of partnership trajectories. This article shows that women are influenced by their attitudes towards marriage and family, while men are influenced by their attitudes towards their careers.<br />Key messages<br /><ul><li>Partnership trajectories are influenced by individual’s socio-structural placement as well as resources in youth.</li><br /><li>Attitudes towards family and career shape future life course and set young women and men on certain paths.</li><br /><li>Positive attitudes towards marriage and family stabilize women’s partnership trajectories.</li><br /><li>Men’s attitudes towards their career opportunities destabilize partnership trajectories.</li></ul>

ATTITUDES TOWARDS MARRIAGE IN MARRIED AND DIVORCED WOMEN

The psychological aspects of attitudes to marriage in women with different marital status in a transitive society, the main characteristics of which are the dynamism of social processes, diversity of positions, value systems, uncertainty of norms, are presented in the article. The work analyzes the specifics of motivation and marital attitudes, as well as peculiarities of interrelation between current attitudes toward marriage and psychological well-being of the study participants at different ages. The results of the study demonstrate that women retain a basic attitude toward the importance and value of marital relations. Emotional and socio-cultural motivations are dominant for respondents in this sample. The attitude of women to egalitarian relations in marriage confirms the priority of individual desires in marriage and strengthening the position of partner type interaction in modern marriage. The study on the relationship between psychological well-being and attitudes toward marriage confirms the general trend of pragmatic attitudes toward marriage and the desire to postpone the birth of children to a later date. The prospect of motherhood for divorced women at different ages is associated with limited life prospects, inability to control their lives and reduced opportunities for development.