Evolution of Interfacial Features of MnO-SiO2 Type Inclusions/Steel Matrix during Isothermal Heating at Low Temperatures

To clarify the evolution of interfacial features between MnO-SiO2 type inclusions and Si-Mn killed steel during isothermal heating at low temperatures, two diffusion couple samples were investigated under heat treatment at 1173 K and 1273 K, respectively. The experimental results show that the diffusion of oxygen from the oxide to the alloy is the restrictive link of the solid-state reaction between MnO-SiO2-FeO oxide and steel matrix at low heating temperatures. With increasing heating time or temperature, more FeO in the oxide decomposed, and the resulting oxygen diffused into the alloy and reacted with Mn and Si elements. The critical heating temperature at which the interfacial reaction can occur was determined to be 1173 K. And a dynamic model that predicts the change in the width of the particles precipitation zone at low temperatures was also established based on Wagner equation.

Effect of Water Saturation on H2 and CO Solubility in Hydrocarbons

The effect of water on the solubility of syngas in hydrocarbons has typically been ignored when developing models for Fischer-Tropsch slurry bubble column reactors (SBCR), despite water being a major by-product. Therefore, a generalized correlation was developed to predict water solubility in hydrocarbons at high temperatures, and was used to calculate the effect of water saturation on H2 and CO solubility in hydrocarbons using the Span Wagner equation of state. The presence of water was shown to have a much more significant effect on H2 solubility in hydrocarbons, compared to CO.

Macroscopic limit of the Becker–Döring equation via gradient flows

This work considers gradient structures for the Becker–Döring equation and its macroscopic limits. The result of Niethammer [J. Nonlinear Sci. 13 (2003) 115–122] is extended to prove the convergence not only for solutions of the Becker–Döring equation towards the Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner equation of coarsening, but also the convergence of the associated gradient structures. We establish the gradient structure of the nonlocal coarsening equation rigorously and show continuous dependence on the initial data within this framework. Further, on the considered time scale the small cluster distribution of the Becker–Döring equation follows a quasistationary distribution dictated by the monomer concentration.

The Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner equation for reaction-controlled kinetics

We rigorously derive a weak form of the Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner equation as the homogenization limit of a Stefan-type problem describing reaction-controlled coarsening of a large number of small spherical particles. Moreover, we deduce that the effective mean-field description holds true in the particular limit of vanishing surface-area density of particles.