scholarly journals Evolution of Interfacial Features of MnO-SiO2 Type Inclusions/Steel Matrix during Isothermal Heating at Low Temperatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2019) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueliang Zhang ◽  
Shufeng Yang ◽  
Jingshe Li ◽  
Chengsong Liu ◽  
Wei-xing Hao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Steel Matrix ◽  
Isothermal Heating ◽  
Precipitation Zone ◽  
Wagner Equation

AbstractTo clarify the evolution of interfacial features between MnO-SiO2 type inclusions and Si-Mn killed steel during isothermal heating at low temperatures, two diffusion couple samples were investigated under heat treatment at 1173 K and 1273 K, respectively. The experimental results show that the diffusion of oxygen from the oxide to the alloy is the restrictive link of the solid-state reaction between MnO-SiO2-FeO oxide and steel matrix at low heating temperatures. With increasing heating time or temperature, more FeO in the oxide decomposed, and the resulting oxygen diffused into the alloy and reacted with Mn and Si elements. The critical heating temperature at which the interfacial reaction can occur was determined to be 1173 K. And a dynamic model that predicts the change in the width of the particles precipitation zone at low temperatures was also established based on Wagner equation.

Study of the reaction mechanism between electroless Ni–P and Sn and its effect on the crystallization of Ni–P

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. C. Sohn ◽  
Jin Yu ◽  
S. K. Kang ◽  
W. K. Choi ◽  
D. Y. Shih
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Crystallization Temperature ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Transformation Temperature ◽  
The Self ◽  
Heat Of Reaction ◽  
Solder Reaction ◽  
Electroless Ni

The reaction mechanism between electroless Ni–P and Sn was investigated to understand the effects of Sn on solder reaction-assisted crystallization at low temperatures as well as self-crystallization of Ni–P at high temperatures. Ni3Sn4 starts to form in a solid-state reaction well before Sn melts. Heat of reaction for Ni3Sn4 was measured during the Ni–P and Sn reaction (241.2 J/g). It was found that the solder reaction not only promotes crystallization at low temperatures by forming Ni3P in the P-rich layer but also facilitates self-crystallization of Ni–P by reducing the transformation temperature and heat of crystallization. The presence of Sn reduces the self-crystallization temperature of Ni–P by about 10 °C. The heat of crystallization also decreases with an increased Sn thickness.

Influence of FeO and sulfur on solid state reaction between MnO−SiO2−FeO oxides and an Fe−Mn−Si solid alloy during heat treatment at 1473 K

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 811-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-song Liu ◽  
Shu-feng Yang ◽  
Kyung-ho Kim ◽  
Jing-she Li ◽  
Hiroyuki Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Solid Alloy

Solid-state reaction of electroplated thin film Au/Sn couple at low temperatures

2015 ◽  
Vol 619 ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Xu ◽  
V. Vuorinen ◽  
H. Dong ◽  
M. Paulasto-Kröckel
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Low Temperatures

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Treatments under High Isostatic Pressure on the Transport Critical Current Density at 4.2 K and 20 K in Doped and Undoped MgB2 Wires

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5152
Author(s):  
Daniel Gajda ◽  
Andrzej J. Zaleski ◽  
Andrzej J. Morawski ◽  
Malgorzata Małecka ◽  
Konstantin Nenkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Critical Current Density ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Transport Critical Current Density ◽  
Mgb2 Wires

Annealing undoped MgB2 wires under high isostatic pressure (HIP) increases transport critical current density (Jtc) by 10% at 4.2 K in range magnetic fields from 4 T to 12 T and significantly increases Jtc by 25% in range magnetic fields from 2 T to 4 T and does not increase Jtc above 4 T at 20 K. Further research shows that a large amount of 10% SiC admixture and thermal treatment under a high isostatic pressure of 1 GPa significantly increases the Jtc by 40% at 4.2 K in magnetic fields above 6 T and reduces Jtc by one order at 20 K in MgB2 wires. Additionally, our research showed that heat treatment under high isostatic pressure is more evident in wires with smaller diameters, as it greatly increases the density of MgB2 material and the number of connections between grains compared to MgB2 wires with larger diameters, but only during the Mg solid-state reaction. In addition, our study indicates that smaller wire diameters and high isostatic pressure do not lead to a higher density of MgB2 material and more connections between grains during the liquid-state Mg reaction.

Application of Support Vector Machine to Predicting Mechanical Properties of TC4

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 1854-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhe Hou ◽  
Yan Liang Du ◽  
Wei Gang Zhao ◽  
Meng Zhao ◽  
Shuang Chao Peng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Machine Method ◽  
Tc4 Alloy

On the basis of numerous experimental results the effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties of TC4 alloy is studied. A computer model expressing the relationships between heat treatment and mechanical properties has been established with supported vector machine method. The input parameters were determined by the heating temperature and heating time which are important factors of the mechanical performance, and the output parameters are tensile and yield strength and elongation. The model is established by libsvm with RBF kernel function, e-SVR and proper parameters. Experimental results show that prediction accuracy made by using support vector machine reached over 95%, and the model has good learning precision and generalization and it can be used for predicting the mechanical properties of TC4 alloy.

BiFeO3 Nanoparticles Prepared by NaNO3-Assisted Low-Heating Temperature Solid State Reaction Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 745-746 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Xue Ying Chen ◽  
Jin Bao Xu ◽  
Liang Bian ◽  
Bo Gao
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Weak Ferromagnetism ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Structure Morphology

BiFeO3nanoparticles were synthesized by a NaNO3-assisted low-heating temperature solid state reaction method. The effects of the molar ratio of added NaNO3and the calcination temperature on the characteristics of the products were discussed. The structure, morphology, magnetic, optical and electrical properties of BiFeO3were characterized by XRD, SEM, VSM and UV-VIS. The experimental results showed that the introduction of leachable inert inorganic salt as a hard agglomeration inhibitor in the mixture precursor led to the formation of BiFeO3nanoparticles with uniform size. With the addition of NaNO3in the process, the particle morphology decreased from a diameter of 300-500 nm to 80-100 nm. The BiFeO3attained at 600 °C showed a smaller band gap (2.12 eV) and weak ferromagnetism at room temperature with a remnant magnetization value (Mr) of approximately 3.1×10-5emu/g and a coercive filed value (Hc) of nearly 20 Oe.

Synthesis of lanthanide β-diketonates by solid state reaction at low heating temperature

1999 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingci Lü ◽  
Kelan Yong ◽  
Junsheng Chen ◽  
Chongshan Liang ◽  
Qingde Su
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Heating Temperature

scholarly journals Influence of Heat Treatment on the Static Bending Strength of Spruce Wood

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-459
Author(s):  
Eglė FATARAITĖ–URBONIENĖ ◽  
Inga JUODEIKIENĖ ◽  
Darius ALBREKTAS ◽  
Simonas MEŠKAUSKAS
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Technological Parameter ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Process Temperature ◽  
Spruce Wood ◽  
Heating Duration

The goal of this investigation was to find out influence of heat treatment at low temperatures on the Lithuanian spruce wood bending strength. The influence of heating temperature and duration on the strength of spruce wood during statical bending has been investigated. The tests were carried out using samples with size of 20 ´ 20 mm in cross-section and 300 mm in length. Density of samples varied from 460 up to 500 kg/m3. The samples were heated at conditions close to those used during manufacturing process. Temperature was equal to T = 60, 80, 100 and 120 °C and heating duration was selected t = 24, 48, 72 and 96hours. The obtained results reveal that heating at relatively low temperatures, influences the strength of the spruce wood during bending. After the increase of both drying temperature and duration decrease of bending strength was found. The longer heating duration at lower temperatures results in less strength changes compare to those heated at higher temperatures for shorter duration. It was found that heating temperature is more significant technological parameter for spruce wood bending strength compare to those of heating duration.

scholarly journals Transformation of Inclusions in Solid GCr15 Bearing Steels During Heat Treatment

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Cheng ◽  
Weifu Li ◽  
Xianguang Zhang ◽  
Lifeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Transformation Rate ◽  
Steel Matrix ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Bearing Steels ◽  
Temperature Diffusion ◽  
Good Agreement

Laboratory heating experiments with a varied holding time of GCr15 bearing steels at 1498 K were performed to study the transformation of inclusions in solid GCr15 bearing steels during high temperature diffusion processes. Heating experiments at 1573 and 1648 K were also carried out to study the effect of these heating temperatures. Experimental results showed that inclusions transformed from Al2O3-CaO-(MgO) to Al2O3-CaS-(MgO-CaO) when the heat treatment was in the range of 1498 to 1648 K due to reactions between Al and S in the steel matrix and CaO in the inclusions. This is in good agreement with thermodynamic calculations. Moreover, the size of the inclusions hardly changed after heat treatment. The transformation rate of the inclusions depended strongly on both the heating temperature and the size of the inclusions. Kinetic analyses on the transformation of inclusions during heat treatment were performed based on a simplified analytical model. The mass transfer coefficients of CaO and CaS in inclusions were calculated, which ranged from 0.73 × 10−10 to 4.48 × 10−10 m/s.

Influence of Preparing Conditions on the Property of a New White-Light Long Afterglow Phosphor Sr2SiO4: Pr3+

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 274-277
Author(s):  
Lin Chen ◽  
Hui Hui Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid State ◽  
White Light ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Afterglow ◽  
Thermo Luminescence

A new white-light long afterglow phosphor Sr2SiO4: Pr3+was synthesized by solid-state reaction, the influence of preparing conditions on the luminous property of Sr2SiO4: Pr3+were studied, and characterized by X-ray diffractometer, fluorescence spectrophotometer and thermo luminescence(TL) meter. The results indicated that the emission spectra of phosphor is composed of bluish purple (390nm), green(535nm)and red(604nm)light emission, and the sample prepared at 1473K, heat treatment time for 4h, 0.5mol% Pr3+and 1mol% flux H3BO3 conditions shows the best property.

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