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Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Giulia Festa ◽  
Claudia Scatigno ◽  
Francesco Armetta ◽  
Maria Luisa Saladino ◽  
Veronica Ciaramitaro ◽  
...  

Spectral preprocessing data and chemometric tools are analytical methods widely applied in several scientific contexts i.e., in archaeometric applications. A systematic classification of natural powdered pigments of organic and inorganic nature through Principal Component Analysis with a multi-instruments spectroscopic study is presented here. The methodology allows the access to elementary and molecular unique benchmarks to guide and speed up the identification of an unknown pigment and its recipe. This study is conducted on a set of 48 powdered pigments and tested on a real-case sample from the wall painting in S. Maria Delle Palate di Tusa (Messina, Italy). Four spectroscopic techniques (X-ray Fluorescence, Raman, Attenuated Total Reflectance and Total Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopies) and six different spectrometers are tested to evaluate the impact of different setups. The novelty of the work is to use a systematic approach on this initial dataset using the entire spectroscopic energy range without any windows selection to solve problems linked with the manipulation of large analytes/materials to find an indistinct property of one or more spectral bands opening new frontiers in the dataset spectroscopic analyses.


Talanta Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100079
Author(s):  
Alex Soares Castro ◽  
Larissa Silva de Azevedo ◽  
Caio Henrique Pinke Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Carolina Caleffi Patelli ◽  
Aline Thais Bruni ◽  
...  

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2402
Author(s):  
Dmitrii Pankin ◽  
Anastasia Povolotckaia ◽  
Alexey Kalinichev ◽  
Alexey Povolotskiy ◽  
Evgenii Borisov ◽  
...  

At present, one of the critical problems in agriculture is the identification of cereals, including oats, infected by Fusarium spp. genus fungi. Timely diagnostics can prevent the further disease spread and help to identify the already stored infected grains. In this regard, the aim of this work is to develop the spectroscopic approaches that determine the infected grains. As an object of the investigation the “Zalp” cultivar oat, both healthy and infected grains of the 2020 harvest were chosen. The spectroscopic diagnostics included FTIR in the mid-IR region, Raman, and luminescence methods. Combination of chemometric tools with FTIR and Raman spectroscopy allowed obtaining approaches based on identified characteristic spectral features which may be used as infection markers. These approaches make it possible to detect the infection on the grain husk. The carotenoid type fungi pigment was identified within the resonance conditions of Raman scattering excitation. The luminescence study of infected oat husk revealed the presence of characteristic chlorophyll α peak which is absent in healthy grain husk.


Author(s):  
Luana Nussbaum ◽  
Natalia Llamas ◽  
Petr Chocholouš ◽  
María Susana Rodríguez ◽  
Hana Sklenářová ◽  
...  

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Adrian M. Granero ◽  
Héctor Fernández ◽  
María A. Zon ◽  
Sesbastián N. Robledo ◽  
Gastón D. Pierini ◽  
...  

Electrochemical sensors and biosensors are analytical tools, which are in continuous development with the aim of generating new analytical devices which are more reliable, cheaper, faster, sensitive, selective, and robust than others. In matrices related to agroalimentary, environmental, or health systems, natural or synthetic compounds occur which fulfil specific roles; some of them (such as mycotoxins or herbicides) may possess harmful properties, and others (such as antioxidants) beneficial ones. This imposes a challenge to develop new tools and analytical methodologies for their detection and quantification. This review summarises different aspects related to the development of electrochemical sensors and biosensors carried out in Argentina in the last ten years for application in agroalimentary, environmental, and health fields. The discussion focuses on the construction and development of electroanalytical methodologies for the determination of mycotoxins, herbicides, and natural and synthetic antioxidants. Studies based on the use of different electrode materials modified with micro/nanostructures, functional groups, and biomolecules, complemented by the use of chemometric tools, are explored. Results of the latest reports from research groups in Argentina are presented. The main goals are highlighted.


2021 ◽  
pp. 69-88
Author(s):  
Lennart Eriksson ◽  
Erik Johansson ◽  
Johan Trygg
Keyword(s):  

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 6024
Author(s):  
Agata Swiatly-Blaszkiewicz ◽  
Dagmara Pietkiewicz ◽  
Jan Matysiak ◽  
Barbara Czech-Szczapa ◽  
Katarzyna Cichocka ◽  
...  

Since honeybee pollen is considered a “perfectly complete food” and is characterized by many beneficial properties (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-bacterial, etc.), it has begun to be used for therapeutic purposes. Consequently, there is a high need to develop methods for controlling its composition. A thorough bee pollen analysis can be very informative regarding its safety for consumption, the variability of its composition, its biogeographical origin, or harvest date. Therefore, in this study, two reliable and non-destructive spectroscopy methods, i.e., ED-XRF and ATR–FTIR, are proposed as a fast approach to characterize bee pollen. The collected samples were derived from apiaries located in west-central Poland. Additionally, some commercially available samples were analyzed. The applied methodology was optimized and combined with sophisticated chemometric tools. Data derived from IR analyses were also subjected to two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy. The developed ED-XRF method allowed the reliable quantification of eight macro- and micro-nutrients, while organic components were characterized by IR spectroscopy. Principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and obtained synchronous and asynchronous maps allowed the study of component changes occurring dependently on the date and location of harvest. The proposed approach proved to be an excellent tool to monitor the variability of the inorganic and organic content of bee pollen.


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