Assessing Sexual Behavior Patterns among Student Athletes of Senior High Schools in the Upper East Region, Ghana

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sexual behavior patterns of student athletes of senior high schools in the Upper East Region of Ghana and to assess the differences in sexual behavior patterns between male and females. A sample of 400 student athletes using a convenience sampling technique from public senior high schools was drawn to complete a self-designed research study. Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test tool were used to analyze the collected data. The results showed that student athletes practiced various forms of sexual behaviors such as celibacy, foreplay, vaginal-penile sex, sexual fantasy, masturbation, oral sex, and anal sex. The Chi-square analysis showed significant gender differences in prevalence of masturbation (χ2 (1, n = 400) = 4.6962, probability = 0.030) and sexual fantasy (χ2 (1, n = 400) = 6.8477, probability = 0.009), but not vaginal-penile intercourse (χ2 (1, n = 400) = 1.3197, probability = 0.251) and celibacy (χ2, (1, n = 400) = 0.0721, probability = 0.788). The study concludes that student athletes of senior high schools might be vulnerable to unplanned parenthood and are at risk of STIs, including HIV. Regular health promotion campaigns on sexual risk-taking behaviors are required to help reduce the prevalence of student athletes’ indulgence in risky sexual behavior patterns that can harm their health. It is essential to implement gender-specific interventions (e.g., decision-making skills) when addressing the problems of sexual behaviors among the student athletes in the region.

Relationship between Sexual Fantasy, Sexual Communication, Personality Traits and Sexual Satisfaction in Married Individuals

The study aimed to understand the relationship between sexual fantasy, sexual communication, personality traits and sexual satisfaction in married individuals. Sexual fantasy as a variable has seldom been studied in the Indian context. The importance of sexual fantasies has been noted by therapists and researchers. Studying various aspects of sexual functioning in married life including, sexual communication and sexual satisfaction and personality traits would be beneficial. A cross sectional design with a total sample of 100 married individuals was considered. Tools were administered as online forms. Parametric and Non-parametric tests were used to find the correlation between Sexual fantasy and sexual satisfaction, sexual communication and sexual satisfaction and personality traits and sexual satisfaction. Results indicated that sexual fantasy and sexual satisfaction have a negative correlation, sexual communication and sexual satisfaction have a positive correlation and personality traits and sexual satisfaction also have a positive correlation. This study can be used to develop modules that might aid in marital and sex therapy. It may be useful in identifying any difficulties or issues which may help in providing appropriate timely intervention

Revisiting the Concept of Sexual Fantasies: A Narrative Review

Background: A sexual fantasy is a mental thought process which blends with individual’s sexuality and causes sexual excitement. This characteristic connects sexual fantasy more with the sexual and reproductive health of a person. There are differences in the nature and frequency of sexual fantasy experienced by both males and females which are greatly influenced by gender roles and societal forces. Method: A literature review is done using databases “Google Scholar, PubMed, and Medline”. A thorough analysis of the literature was done to extract the most relevant information. Results: The sexual fantasies are divided as typical and atypical. In typical sexual fantasy, all normal imaginations are included such as dominancesubmissiveness, watching pornography, oral and anal sex, and bondage. On the other hand, atypical sexual fantasies include deviant imaginations like paraphilia. Conclusion: While sexual fantasies are of variant types, it was found that these are more commonly reported in Western countries than in the Eastern countries; therefore, there is a growing need to conduct more studies in Eastern countries to better conclude the findings

Revisiting the Concept of Sexual Fantasies: A Narrative Review

Background: A sexual fantasy is a mental thought process which blends with individual’s sexuality and causes sexual excitement. This characteristic connects sexual fantasy more with the sexual and reproductive health of a person. There are differences in the nature and frequency of sexual fantasy experienced by both males and females which are greatly influenced by gender roles and societal forces. Method: A literature review is done using databases “Google Scholar, PubMed, and Medline”. A thorough analysis of the literature was done to extract the most relevant information. Results: The sexual fantasies are divided as typical and atypical. In typical sexual fantasy, all normal imaginations are included such as dominancesubmissiveness, watching pornography, oral and anal sex, and bondage. On the other hand, atypical sexual fantasies include deviant imaginations like paraphilia. Conclusion: While sexual fantasies are of variant types, it was found that these are more commonly reported in Western countries than in the Eastern countries; therefore, there is a growing need to conduct more studies in Eastern countries to better conclude the findings.

Cultural “Authenticity” as a Conflict-Ridden Hypotext: Mulan (1998), Mulan Joins the Army (1939), and a Millennium-Long Intertextual Metamorphosis

Disney’s Mulan (1998) has generated much scholarly interest in comparing the film with its hypotext: the Chinese legend of Mulan. While this comparison has produced meaningful criticism of the Orientalism inherent in Disney’s cultural appropriation, it often ironically perpetuates the Orientalist paradigm by reducing the legend into a unified, static entity of the “authentic” Chinese “original”. This paper argues that the Chinese hypotext is an accumulation of dramatically conflicting representations of Mulan with no clear point of origin. It analyzes the Republican-era film adaptation Mulan Joins the Army (1939) as a cultural palimpsest revealing attributes associated with different stages of the legendary figure’s millennium-long intertextual metamorphosis, including a possibly nomadic woman warrior outside China proper, a Confucian role model of loyalty and filial piety, a Sinitic deity in the Sino-Barbarian dichotomy, a focus of male sexual fantasy, a Neo-Confucian exemplar of chastity, and modern models for women established for antagonistic political agendas. Similar to the previous layers of adaptation constituting the hypotext, Disney’s Mulan is simply another hypertext continuing Mulan’s metamorphosis, and it by no means contains the most dramatic intertextual change. Productive criticism of Orientalist cultural appropriations, therefore, should move beyond the dichotomy of the static East versus the change-making West, taking full account of the immense hybridity and fluidity pulsing beneath the fallacy of a monolithic cultural “authenticity”.