Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization of a Bimorph-Segmented Tapered Piezoelectric MEMS Energy Harvester for Multimode Operation

This paper presents a study on the design and multiobjective optimization of a bimorph-segmented linearly tapered piezoelectric harvester for low-frequency and multimode vibration energy harvesting. The procedure starts with a significant number of FEM simulations of the structure with different geometric dimensions—length, width, and tapering ratio. The datasets train the artificial neural network (ANN) that provides the fitting function to be modified and used in algorithms for optimization, aiming to achieve minimal resonant frequency and maximal generated power. Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) and scaled conjugate gradient (SCG) methods were used to train the ANN, then the goal attainment method (GAM) and genetic algorithm (GA) were used for optimization. The dominant solution resulted from optimization by the genetic algorithm integrated with the ANN fitting function obtained by the SCG training method. The optimal piezoelectric harvester is 121.3 mm long and 71.56 mm wide and has a taper ratio of 0.7682. It ensures over five times greater output power at frequencies below 200 Hz, which benefits the low frequency of the vibration spectrum. The optimized design can harness the power of higher-resonance modes for multimode applications.

Investigation of Side Wall Roughness Effect on Optical Losses in a Multimode Si3N4 Waveguide Formed on a Quartz Substrate

This article presents the results of the study of the influence of the most significant parameters of the side wall roughness of an ultra-thin silicon nitride lightguide layer of multimode integrated optical waveguides with widths of 3 and 8 microns. The choice of the waveguide width was made due to the need to provide multimode operation for telecommunication wavelengths, which is necessary to ensure high integration density. Scattering in waveguide structures was measured by optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) of a backscattering reflectometer. The finite difference time domain method (FDTD) was used to study the effect of roughness parameters on optical losses in fabricated waveguides, the roughness parameters that most strongly affect optical scattering were determined, and methods of its significant reduction were specified. The prospects for implementing such structures on a quartz substrate are justified.

Implementation of Multiband Communication Using SDR for Remote Application

To develop Next Generation Wireless Communication a generic hardware design is required so that it can be driven by software to allow for future upgrades. Thus Reconfigurable Radio implements multi-band, multi-mode operation and interoperability with low-cost. For reducing response time between incompatible radios during emergencies interoperability is essential for a secure heterogeneous communication. Some of the Challenges identified for implementing reliable and reconfigurable wireless communication systems are: specific training required for using the equipment, end-to-end connectivity between devices, extending link capacity during the high peak utilization. Each device and architecture will differ based on the type of communication system. Interconnecting emerging fields enhances the performance , implementation helps to come across alternatives to overcome practical difficulties and challenges of connecting different fields to Cognitive Radio(CR). Earlier research gave prominence to theoretical and simulation-based work. This motivates us to verify interoperability in real time using SDR. This paper describes the implementation of a Multiband, multimode operation for establishing communication between different types of architecture i.e. VUSDR (HAM), Hack RF One, LoRa, RF module, GSM module and USRP N210 to prove reliability and end-to-end communication.